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# Affiliate Partnership Center

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://affiliates.nwf.org/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Data Centers](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2026/06/data-centers/) - Resolution 2026-01 WHEREAS, large and “hyperscale” data centers—the physical infrastructure for artificial intelligence technologies, cryptocurrency mining, cloud computing, and other digital services—are rapidly proliferating; and WHEREAS, the campuses of many of the large data centers being proposed and constructed today range in size from dozens to thousands of acres, including large areas of impervious surfaces,
- [Opposition to Preemption of Non-Federal Pesticide Regulation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2026/06/opposition-to-preemption-of-non-federal-pesticide-regulation/) - Resolution 2026-02 WHEREAS, drift and chemical trespass from pesticide applications occur wherever pesticides are used. The U.S. uses approximately one billion pounds of pesticides annually, a significant portion of the roughly 5.6 billion pounds of pesticides used worldwide; and WHEREAS, tens of millions of acres of wild and ornamental plants—and the wildlife these plants support—are
- [Preservation of Scientific and Historical Integrity in Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2026/06/preservation-of-scientific-and-historical-integrity-in-public-lands/) - Resolution 2026-03 WHEREAS, public lands, including units of the National Park Service, serve as both ecological resources and places of historical and cultural preservation, where the stewardship of wildlife, landscapes, and waters is inseparable from the accurate interpretation of the people, events, and systems that have shaped them; and WHEREAS, the scientific community recognizes that
- [Protecting Democracy, Civic Participation, and Public Process Essential to Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2026/06/protecting-democracy-civic-participation-and-public-process-essential-to-conservation/) - Resolution 2026-04 WHEREAS, as the United States approaches the 250th anniversary of its founding, there is renewed importance in affirming our constitutional democracy, the civic principles and public institutions that have supported the democratic governance and stewardship of the nation’s lands, waters, and wildlife; and WHEREAS, the United States Constitution establishes a system of checks
- [Restrict Second Generation Anticoagulant Rodenticides to Protect Ecosystem Health](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2026/06/restrict-second-generation-anticoagulant-rodenticides-to-protect-ecosystem-health/) - Resolution 2026-05 WHEREAS, high rodent densities in proximity to humans can create heath concerns that have rightly led humans to seek cost-effective approaches to controlling rodent populations throughout history; and WHEREAS, advances in organic chemistry throughout the 20th century accelerated the development of increasingly toxic pesticides; and WHEREAS, second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs) were developed in
- [Addressing the funding shortage, staff reductions and public engagement throughout the National Wildlife Refuge System](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2025/06/national-wildlife-refuge-system/) - Resolution 2025-01 WHEREAS, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) manages an unparalleled network of public lands and waters called the National Wildlife Refuge System which protects iconic species and provides some of the best wildlife viewing opportunities on Earth; and WHEREAS, The National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966 and the National Wildlife
- [Deep Sea Mining](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2025/06/deep-sea-mining/) - Resolution 2025-02 WHEREAS, deep-sea mining is the process of extracting valuable metals and minerals from the ocean floor. The minerals are found in nodules, crusts, and sulphides. The International Seabed Authority (ISA) was established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea to manage and control the development of all mineral resources
- [Defend Federal Agencies and Employees in Natural Resource Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2025/06/defend-federal-agencies-and-employees-in-natural-resource-conservation/) - Resolution 2025-03 WHEREAS, federal agencies such as U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), National Park Service (NPS), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), U.S. Forest Service (USFS), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), Farm Services Agency (FSA), Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
- [Monarch Butterfly (Danaus plexippus) Conservation: Habitat, Health, and Protective Measures](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2025/06/monarch-butterfly-conservation/) - Resolution 2025-04 WHEREAS, the North American migratory monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus (monarch) is vital for maintaining the health and diversity of natural ecosystems throughout its extensive range, which encompasses about 48 states of the eastern and western United States; and WHEREAS, the eastern and western monarch populations’ decline serves as a pivotal ecological indicator, providing
- [Native Seed and Plant Supply](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2025/06/native-seed-and-plant-supply/) - Resolution 2025-05 WHEREAS, there is a biodiversity crisis that threatens more than one-third of all species of wildlife and native plants in the United States and globally, and enacting science-based along with Indigenous traditional ecological knowledge solutions requires urgent attention so that wildlife and people can adapt and thrive in a rapidly changing world; and
- [Nullification of Outmoded Resolutions from the 1970s](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2025/06/nullification-of-outmoded-resolutions-from-the-1970s/) - Resolution 2025-06 WHEREAS, for nearly 90 years the National Wildlife Federation’s affiliate organizations have developed, submitted, debated, and ratified policy resolutions at the National Wildlife Federation Annual Meetings; and WHEREAS, science, law, statute, cultural understanding, conservation strategies, and societal perspectives have changed over those decades; and WHEREAS, over 300 resolutions were submitted and ratified from
- [Protecting and Restoring the Ohio River Basin](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2025/06/protecting-and-restoring-the-ohio-river-basin/) - Resolution 2025-07 WHEREAS, the Ohio River is the largest tributary by volume of the Mississippi River, playing a critical role in the hydrology, ecology, and economy of the eastern United States; and WHEREAS, the 981-mile river provides drinking water for more than 5 million people and flows through or along the borders of six states—Pennsylvania,
- [Supporting a Cleaner Fuel Requirement for Ocean-Going Vessels](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2025/06/supporting-a-cleaner-fuel-requirement-for-ocean-going-vessels/) - Resolution 2025-08 WHEREAS, in 2010, the International Maritime Organization implemented emission standards for shipping, requiring cleaner burning fuel on shipping and cruise ships. A regulatory loophole was created allowing the use of exhaust gas scrubbers as an alternative compliance mechanism to burning cleaner fuel, and cruise ships began installing exhaust scrubbers in large numbers in
- [Threat of Neonicotinoids to Aquatic Invertebrates](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2025/06/threat-of-neonicotinoids-to-aquatic-invertebrates/) - Resolution 2025-09 WHEREAS, neonicotinoids—a class of neuro-active insecticides—are pervasively used across North America despite being restricted in the European Union due to their harmful environmental impacts, limiting overseas commercial markets to US growers; and WHEREAS, neonicotinoids are extremely toxic to invertebrates, many of which form the base of aquatic food webs; and WHEREAS, aquatic insects
- [Conserving Mature and Old-Growth Forests on Federal Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2024/06/conserving-mature-and-old-growth-forests-on-federal-lands/) - Resolution 2024-01 WHEREAS, all forest successional stages provide important wildlife habitat on federal and non-federal lands; and WHEREAS, old-growth forests are an advanced stage in forest successional development with distinct assemblages of plants and animals, environmental conditions, structural features, and ecological functions and processes; and WHEREAS, mature forests which precede old-growth have emerging old-growth characteristics
- [Free, Prior, and Informed Consent](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2024/06/free-prior-and-informed-consent/) - Resolution 2024-04 WHEREAS, for generations, sovereign Tribes and Indigenous communities have wisely stewarded the natural resources of the Americas through their knowledges, cultures, and practices; and WHEREAS, for over thirty-five years, the National Wildlife Federation has supported Tribal conservation priorities; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has called on the conservation community and federal, state,
- [Seeking Withdrawal of DOJ McKittrick Policy on Prosecuting Endangered Species Violations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2024/06/seeking-withdrawal-of-doj-mckittrick-policy-on-prosecuting-endangered-species-violations/) - Resolution 2024-03 WHEREAS, the recovery of multiple species designated as “endangered” or “threatened” under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) 16 USC § 1531 et seq., including whooping cranes, Mexican gray wolves, California condors, Florida panthers, red wolves, wolverines, grizzly bears (Yellowstone), is threatened by an arbitrary internal U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) policy known as the
- [Protecting Sharks to Safeguard our Oceans](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2024/06/protecting-sharks-to-safeguard-our-oceans/) - Resolution 2024-02 WHEREAS, for 450 million years sharks and their relatives have played a vital role in maintaining marine ecosystems by regulating the populations of prey species, preventing the collapse of lower levels in the marine food web, and controlling the overall health of the ecosystem; and WHEREAS, sharks face threats from loss of habitat
- [Preservation of Old Growth Forests](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/preservation-of-old-growth-forests/) - Number: 1982-18 WHEREAS, the United States Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management are rapidly converting the remaining old growth timberlands to intensively managed second growth forests; and WHEREAS, old growth forests provide significant benefits for water quality, genetic diversity, soil productivity, and the general health of the forest ecosystem; and WHEREAS, many wildlife
- [Wildlife-Responsible Solar Energy Development](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2023/06/wildlife-responsible-solar-energy-development/) - Resolution 2023-08 WHEREAS, the impacts of climate change are serious and are escalating for wildlife, communities, and the economy; and WHEREAS, solar renewable energy is a technologically and economically feasible solution and becoming a rapidly increasing part of our energy mix; and WHEREAS, despite some positive steps by certain states, tribes, territories, regions, cities, and
- [Protecting, Defending and Enhancing Revenue for Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2023/06/protecting-defending-and-enhancing-revenue-for-wildlife-and-sport-fish-restoration/) - Resolution 2023-07 WHEREAS, the NWF Mission envisions “Uniting all Americans to ensure wildlife thrive in a rapidly changing world,” and WHEREAS, in 1937, Congress passed legislation entitled the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act (Pittman-Robertson Act), which was the model for the Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act (Dingell-Johnson Act) passed in 1950 and
- [Offshore Wind Power for America](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2023/06/offshore-wind-power-for-america/) - Resolution 2023-05 WHEREAS, climate change is an existential threat to the nation’s wildlife, ecosystems, and people; and WHEREAS, carbon pollution from burning fossil fuels to generate electricity, heat our homes, and power our transportation system is the primary contributor to climate change; and WHEREAS, the United States contributes disproportionately to global fossil fuel emissions; and
- [Designate the Pacific Remote Islands a National Marine Sanctuary](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2023/06/designate-the-pacific-remote-islands-a-national-marine-sanctuary/) - Resolution 2023-04 WHEREAS, the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument (PRI), designated in 2009, currently encompasses nearly 490,350 square miles and is already one of the largest marine conservation areas in the world; and WHEREAS, proposed Marine Sanctuary designation would encompass the existing Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument and extend to the full limit
- [Principles for Partnering with Tribes and Indigenous Communities](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2023/06/principles-for-partnering-with-tribes-and-indigenous-communities/) - Resolution 2023-06 WHEREAS, for generations, federally-recognized, sovereign Tribes (“Tribes”) and Indigenous communities have wisely stewarded natural resources through their knowledges, cultures, and practices; and WHEREAS, Tribes have authority to manage wildlife and natural resources on lands within their jurisdiction and have shared opportunities for management on ancestral lands; and WHEREAS, for over thirty years, the
- [Capacity Building for Successful Biological Control of Invasive Insects and Weeds by Natural Enemies](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2023/06/capacity-building-for-successful-biological-control-of-invasive-insects-and-weeds-by-natural-enemies/) - Resolution 2023-03 WHEREAS, growing trade and travel between nations has increased the number of non-native plants, insects and other species arriving upon new lands without their natural enemies, such as predators, parasites and fungal pathogens that keep them in check on in their natural ranges; and WHEREAS, biologists travel to explore these ranges for strictly
- [Applying Resource Conservation Principles to Climate Change Mitigation Policy and Action](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2023/06/applying-resource-conservation-principles-to-climate-change-mitigation-policy-and-action/) - Number 2023-02 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has a rich history of commitments to natural resource conservation beginning with the first "Purpose of the NWF” in its 1936 Articles of Incorporation and the nearly 300 NWF Policy Resolutions citing resource conservation, including Resolution No. 1995-01 which called upon NWF to support energy conservation and energy
- [Actualizing Environmental Justice in Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2023/06/actualizing-environmental-justice-in-conservation/) - Number 2023-01 WHEREAS, wildlife and people both need healthy environments to thrive; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation recognized the intersecting impacts of race, economic status, and environmental justice in its policy resolution titled “Pollution, Race, and Economic Status” in April of 1990 and continues its journey in addressing the importance of conservation and environmental
- [Support for Civilian Climate Corps](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2021/06/support-for-civilian-climate-corps/) - Number 2021-05 WHEREAS, the Civilian Conservation Corps established in 1933 planted more than three billion trees and constructed trails and shelters in more than 800 parks nationwide during its nine years of existence; and WHEREAS, the Civilian Conservation Corps put 3 million unemployed young men to work; and WHEREAS, while demonstrating the potential for success
- [Access to Hunting and Fishing Regulations in Spanish and Other Languages](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2022/06/support-for-spanish-and-other-regionally-important-language-availability-in-hunting-and-fishing-regulations/) - Number 2022-02 WHEREAS, hunting and fishing are activities enjoyed by many individuals, and among families and friends across the United States; and WHEREAS, the United States is composed of a multicultural and multi linguistic populace, with at least 21.6% of the population speaking a language other than English at home, such as Spanish, Chinese, Vietnamese,
- [Deforestation-Free Commodities, Climate Safety, and International Environmental Equity](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2022/06/deforestation-free-commodities-climate-safety-and-international-environmental-equity/) - Number 2022-03 WHEREAS, past resolutions since 1989 have committed NWF to strong United States actions to promote international safeguards for wildlife, the environment, climate action, and equity and climate safety; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation’s international team has been recognized as leaders of international conservation efforts, including serving as the Chair of international bodies
- [Championing Natural Climate Solutions While Safeguarding Biodiversity](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2022/06/championing-nature-based-solutions-to-climate-change-while-safeguarding-biodiversity/) - Number 2022-01 WHEREAS, building upon 170+ policy resolutions approved since 1984, the National Wildlife Federation recognizes the need to mitigate the causes of climate change and to safeguard biodiversity, wildlife habitat, landscapes, and human livelihoods; and WHEREAS, the Paris Agreement calls for limiting global warming to well below 2⁰C and preferably to 1.5⁰C compared to
- [Valuing and Protecting Horseshoe Crabs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2021/06/valuing-and-protecting-horseshoe-crabs/) - Number 2021-06 WHEREAS, the American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) is critically linked to the health and survival of near-shore coastal ecosystems and animals in the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean including numerous fish species as well as shorebirds like the federally-listed red knot; and WHEREAS, populations of horseshoe crabs are threatened by harvest for
- [Strengthening Plant Conservation in State and Federal Conservation Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2021/06/strengthening-plant-conservation-in-state-and-federal-conservation-programs/) - Number 2021-04 WHEREAS, plants represent a major component of the nation’s biological heritage, with nearly 19,000 species of native vascular plants in the United States compared to approximately 2,700 species of native vertebrate animals; and WHEREAS, this diverse array of native plant species serves as the foundation for virtually all other lifeforms, provides indispensable value
- [Non-Climate Impacts of Transitioning to a Net-Zero Carbon Economy](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2021/06/non-climate-impacts-of-transitioning-to-a-net-zero-carbon-economy/) - Number 2021-03 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation, at its Annual Meeting assembled June 10-13, 2020, adopted a resolution urging the United States Congress and all federal agencies to swiftly adopt and implement policy actions that will ensure that the United States achieve at least a forty-five percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) relative to
- [Governance of 2050 U.S. Net-Zero Carbon Action Plans](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2021/06/governance-of-2050-u-s-net-zero-carbon-action-plans/) - Number 2021-02 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation, at its Annual Meeting assembled June 10-13, 2020, adopted a resolution urging the United States Congress and all federal agencies to swiftly adopt and implement policy actions that will ensure that the United States achieve at least a forty-five percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) relative to
- [Conserving the Nature of America to Protect Wildlife and Stabilize the Climate](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2021/06/conserving-the-nature-of-america-to-protect-wildlife-and-stabilize-the-climate/) - Number 2021-01 WHEREAS, wild species are declining in the United States and globally, with habitat loss and degradation a leading cause of species declines and extinctions as cumulative impacts of many human activities are resulting in a majority of indicators of ecosystems and biodiversity showing rapid decline; and WHEREAS, increasing climate change poses a grave
- [Supporting the Formation of a Mississippi River Basin Fishery Commission](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2020/06/supporting-the-formation-of-a-mississippi-river-basin-fishery-commission/) - Number 2020-10 WHEREAS, the Mississippi River Basin is the fourth largest watershed in the world, and the largest watershed in North America, draining all or part of 31 states and 2 Canadian provinces. The watershed measures approximately 1.2 million square miles and covers 41% of the continental United States; and WHEREAS, the Mississippi River and
- [Restoring Marine Fish and Wildlife Populations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2020/06/rebuilding-marine-ecosystems/) - Number 2020-09 WHEREAS, numerous species in marine ecosystems in United States territorial waters are in decline, including fish, marine megafauna, shorebirds, sea birds and others; and WHEREAS, the declines in these species are directly linked to numerous and often overlapping threats, including loss of habitat and coastal development, climate change, ocean acidification, overfishing, vessel traffic,
- [Reducing Wildlife Mortality and Habitat Fragmentation Caused by Highway and Roads](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2020/06/reducing-wildlife-mortality-and-habitat-fragmentation-caused-by-highway-and-roads-2/) - Number 2020-08 WHEREAS, our national network of highways and roads is the largest single man-made feature on the American landscape and a primary cause of habitat fragmentation across the U.S.; and WHEREAS, the number of animals struck and killed by automobiles each year (i.e. roadkill) has increased dramatically in recent decades as road networks have
- [Protect the Tongass National Forest](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2020/06/protect-the-tongass-national-forest/) - Number 2020-07 WHEREAS, the Tongass National Forest is the homeland of the Tlingit, Haida, and Tsimshian peoples who have been stewards of these lands since time immemorial; and WHEREAS, the economy of Southeast Alaska is dependent on fishing and tourism as two of its main economic drivers; tourism, fishing, and subsistence users in the Inside
- [Protect Downstream Communities from British Columbia Mining Impacts on Transboundary Watersheds](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2020/06/protect-downstream-communities-from-british-columbia-mining-impacts-on-transboundary-watersheds/) - Number 2020-06 WHEREAS, multiple transboundary rivers originating in British Columbia flow into Alaska, Washington, Idaho, and Montana through lands important to sovereign Indigenous peoples; and WHEREAS, pristine waters and intact habitats make protecting productive and healthy wild salmon and other species throughout these shared rivers a priority; and WHEREAS, commercial mining in British Columbia is
- [Opposing Federal Efforts to Weaken the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2020/06/opposing-federal-efforts-to-weaken-the-migratory-bird-treaty-act-of-1918/) - Number 2020-04 WHEREAS, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 (MBTA) abolished the unregulated taking of all migratory birds and the commercial trade of bird species and bird parts such as feathers; and WHEREAS, the MBTA codifies the United States’ obligations to protect migratory birds pursuant to an agreement between the United States and the
- [North American Grasslands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2020/06/north-american-grasslands/) - Number 2020-03 WHEREAS, grasslands provide vital habitat for a vast number of wildlife species and provide economic viability for multiple industries and yet continue to be one of the most threatened ecosystems in the world; and WHEREAS, over the last decade alone, millions of acres of native grasslands in North America that provide critical habitat
- [Control and Eradication of Invasive Predators on Islands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2020/06/control-and-eradication-of-invasive-predators-on-islands/) - Number 2020-02 WHEREAS, native wildlife, plants, and delicate ecosystems are an integral component of the traditional practices, values, and livelihoods of indigenous people on islands; and WHEREAS, islands represent 5.3% of the earth’s landmass, but are home to more than 15% of all terrestrial species, 19% of global biodiversity, 1/3rd of critically endangered species and
- [Acting on Climate Change](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2020/06/acting-on-climate-change/) - Number 2020-01 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation affirms the overwhelming scientific evidence that climate change is occurring due to human activity, and heeds the urgent advice of scientists to limit average global temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius in order to avoid the most catastrophic impacts; and WHEREAS, climate change is a major threat facing
- [PFAS Impacts on Fish and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2020/06/pfas-impacts-on-fish-and-wildlife/) - Number 2020-05 WHEREAS, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been recognized as an environmental contaminant group with risks to humans, fish, and wildlife, ecosystem; and WHEREAS, PFASs have been manufactured and utilized in products ranging from fire-fighting foams to consumer products like Teflon cookware, household cleaning products and other fire-, grease-, stain-, and water-repellant goods;
- [Climate-Smart Infrastructure Policy for Communities, Jobs, and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2019/06/climate-smart-infrastructure-policy-for-communities-jobs-and-wildlife/) - Number 2019-01 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation previously adopted numerous resolutions supporting action by governments, corporations, and others to respond to the scientific consensus on the threat posed by human-induced global climate change, including domestic and international policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance scientific research, and promote public awareness; and WHEREAS, climate change is
- [Dicamba and 2,4-D](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2019/06/dicamba-and-24-d/) - Number 2019-02 WHEREAS, The use of two highly volatile Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) herbicides, dicamba and 2,4-D, has increased dramatically in row crop agriculture in recent years, along with increased complaints about damages to specialty crops, trees, gardens and apiaries; and WHEREAS, these chemicals have a high propensity to volatilize after application and move off-site
- [The Full Duties of States as Trustee-Owners of Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2019/06/the-full-duties-of-states-as-trustee-owners-of-wildlife/) - Number 2019-03 WHEREAS, all people now living are responsible for restoring and sustaining biodiversity and fostering the ecological health and functioning of natural systems; and WHEREAS, by long-established law this responsibility within the United States is particularly borne by states, which acting in accordance with federal law hold sovereign title to or otherwise manage wildlife
- [Promoting Ecologically Appropriate Prescribed Burn Programs on our Natural Areas](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2019/06/promoting-ecologically-appropriate-prescribed-burn-programs-on-our-natural-areas/) - Number 2019-04 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has a history of supporting ecological prescribed fire as a critical land management tool; and WHEREAS, the occurrence of catastrophic fires has been at historic levels across the nation and the world in recent years, and is increasing annually; and WHEREAS, climate change has elevated the severity of
- [Protecting Habitat, Wildlife, and Water Resources around the Grand Canyon from Uranium Mining](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2019/06/protecting-habitat-wildlife-and-water-resources-around-the-grand-canyon-from-uranium-mining/) - Number 2019-06 WHEREAS, in 2011, the National Wildlife Federation resolved to call on appropriate state and federal policymakers to support the maintenance of moratoria on the construction and operation of uranium mines and mills adjacent to the Grand Canyon and in the watersheds of the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States, until such time as peer-reviewed,
- [Protecting Habitat by Balancing Conservation and Outdoor Recreation on Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2019/06/protecting-habitat-by-balancing-conservation-and-outdoor-recreation-on-public-lands/) - Number 2019-05 WHEREAS, pressure on wildlife and wildlife habitat is increasing on public lands; and WHEREAS, protecting wildlife and important wildlife habitat on public lands is highly valued by Americans; and WHEREAS, conserving wildlife populations as well as protecting and restoring important blocks of wildlife habitat on public lands should be prioritized; and WHEREAS, enjoyment
- [Significantly Reducing Single-Use Plastic Products in the American Marketplace](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2019/06/significantly-reducing-single-use-plastic-sup-products-in-the-american-marketplace/) - Number 2019-07 WHEREAS, while plastics are a convenient, adaptable, useful and economically valuable material, post-consumer or end-of-life (EOL) single-use plastics (SUPs) represent a serious national and global problem due to their abundance, persistence in the environment, risk to wildlife and human health, and economic cost; and WHEREAS, the full lifecycle of plastic is known to
- [Supporting Tribes on Wildlife and Natural Resource Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2019/06/supporting-tribes-on-wildlife-and-natural-resource-management/) - Number 2019-08 WHEREAS, federally-recognized tribes have authority to manage wildlife and natural resources on lands within their jurisdiction; and WHEREAS, tribal lands and waters are significant for wildlife conservation and provide vital habitat for thousands of species of greatest conservation need, including more than 525 federally-listed threatened and endangered plants and animals, many of which
- [Non-Federal Governmental Action to Protect Wildlife, Habitat, and People from Climate Change](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2018/06/state-and-local-action-to-protect-wildlife-from-climate-change/) - Number 2018-01 WHEREAS, climate change is a serious and escalating threat to wildlife, communities, and the economy of the United States; and WHEREAS, climate change is increasingly fueling more severe and damaging impacts and events that burden local and state communities, worsening sea level rise, wildfires, droughts, floods, severe weather events, heat waves, disruption of
- [Wildlife Friendly Renewable Energy Infrastructure](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2018/06/wildlife-friendly-renewable-energy-infrastructure/) - Number 2018-02 WHEREAS, the impacts of climate change are serious and are escalating for wildlife, communities, and the economy; and WHEREAS, climate change is, in large part, caused by the burning of fossil fuels for electricity generation; and WHEREAS, renewable energy sources, such as solar,—including distributed solar— onshore and offshore wind, geothermal, and tidal power
- [Oppose imprudent “Energy Dominance” policies](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2018/06/oppose-imprudent-energy-dominance-policies/) - Number 2018-03 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has long advocated for responsible development and use of natural resources in ways that ensure protections for wildlife, habitat and outdoor recreation opportunities from unregulated or poorly regulated energy development, today and for future generations; and WHEREAS, energy development’s potential consequences include wildlife habitat alteration, destruction and fragmentation;
- [Aligning Federal Crop Insurance with Science Based Agriculture Conservation Practices](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2018/06/aligning-federal-crop-insurance-with-science-based-agriculture-conservation-practices/) - Number 2018-04 WHEREAS federally supported crop insurance is the primary financial safety net available for agricultural producers, addressing risks among America’s farmers and ranchers; and WHEREAS conservation on private farmland is critical to wildlife and their habitats; and WHEREAS, rules in the crop insurance program that treat cover crops differently than any other farming practice
- [Nature-Based Carbon Sequestration and Storage for Climate and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2018/06/nature-based-carbon-sequestration-and-storage-for-climate-and-wildlife/) - Number 2018-05 WHEREAS, most nations agreed in Paris in December 2015 to curb emissions to levels that would maintain the average global temperature increase to no more than 2 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial levels, with an aspiration of 1.5 degrees Celsius; and WHEREAS, scientists have estimated that carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, which are
- [Sustainable Fisheries under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2018/06/magnuson-stevens-fisheries-conservation-act-reauthorization/) - Number 2018-06 WHEREAS, we, the members of the National Wildlife Federation, coming together as One Federation, protecting our lands, waters and natural resources for today and for the benefit of future generations do hereby establish and submit the following resolution; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation was established in 1936 and is the oldest and
- [Protecting Washington’s Methow Headwaters and the Green River Valley from Industrial Mining Operations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2018/06/supporting-methow-headwaters-mineral-withdrawal/) - Resolution 2018-08 WHEREAS, the Methow River headwaters and Green River Valley in the Cascade Mountains of Washington State, both of which drain into the Columbia River, are ecologically rich and are at risk of large industrial open-pit copper and gold mining, and attendant development, because both of the regions are subject to mineral entry under
- [Support for Beaver Restoration in Western Watersheds as a Practical Response to Climate Change](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2018/06/support-for-beaver-restoration-in-western-watersheds-as-a-practical-response-to-climate-change/) - Number 2018-09 WHEREAS, climate change is expected to increase drought and reduce snow pack in the western U.S., where the majority of rivers are snow- and glacier-fed; and WHEREAS, lower streamflows and higher-temperature water will negatively impact coldwater fish and other aquatic organisms, and reduced wetlands and changes in vegetation will impact mammals and birds,
- [Establishment of the National Wildlife Corridors System](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2018/06/establishment-of-the-national-wildlife-corridors-system/) - Number 2018-10 WHEREAS, native fish, wildlife and plant species in the U.S. are a significant basis of the outdoor economy and component of the natural heritage we wish to pass on to future generations; and WHEREAS, many terrestrial and aquatic species in the U.S. are facing unprecedented declines from new and changing threats including, but
- [Strengthening State Fish and Wildlife Agencies](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2018/06/strengthening-state-fish-and-wildlife-agencies/) - Number 2018-11 WHEREAS, our system of fish and wildlife management, developed over the last century, has been built on a foundation of state agencies as the primary entities responsible for conserving and managing fish and wildlife, working cooperatively with federal fish and wildlife agencies, federal land management agencies, non-governmental organizations and private land owners; and
- [Promoting Alternatives to Single-Use Plastic](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2018/04/promoting-alternatives-to-single-use-plastic/) - Number 2018-07 WHEREAS, globally, more than 6.3 billion metric tons of plastic waste has been produced as of 2015. The vast majority of this plastic waste remains in the system by being moved through various waste streams. “Leaks” in these waste streams consequently input an estimated 8 million metric tons of land-based plastic waste into
- [Conservation of Urban Wildlife Habitat and the Protection and Enhancement of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal's Unique Wildlife Resources](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/conservation-of-urban-wildlife-habitat-and-the-protection-and-enhancement-of-the-rocky-mountain-arsenals-unique-wildlife-resources/) - Number: 1990-27 WHEREAS, wildlife habitat located in and near urban areas is of pivotal importance because it offers sanctuary for numerous wildlife species and provides many persons who may not otherwise have an opportunity to discover wildlife an opportunity to observe, conserve and learn about America's wildlife legacy; and WHEREAS, much of the suitable
- [Sea Otter Plan](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/sea-otter-plan/) - Number: 1980-42 WHEREAS, the southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris) is listed as "threatened" by the U. S. Department of the Interior; and WHEREAS, the major part of the sea otter population in California lives between Monterey Bay and Mooro Bay; and WHEREAS, there are two oil tanker ports at either extreme of this part
- [Designation of the Everglades as a National Priority in the Federal Clean Water Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/designation-of-the-everglades-as-a-national-priority-in-the-federal-clean-water-act/) - Number: 1990-25 WHEREAS, the Everglades ecosystem is one of the world's largest wetland ecosystems; and WHEREAS, the Everglades region beginning with central Florida's Kissimmee Chain of Lakes, Kissimmee River Valley, Lake Okeechobee, Fisheating Creek, Taylor Creek-Nubbin Slough, Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, Water Conservation Areas, Holey Land-Rotenberger and Brown's Farm Wildlife Management Areas,
- [Urgent Amendments to the 1872 Mining Law and Agency Regulatory Processes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/urgent-amendments-to-the-1872-mining-law-and-agency-regulatory-processes/) - Number: 1987-23 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation continues to support the principles for modernization of the Mining Laws set forth in Resolution #4 of its 27th Annual Meeting; and WHEREAS, the 1872 Mining Law is a non-discretionary land law, which grants anyone the right to enter those public lands not closed to its operation, for
- [Delaware River Basin](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/delaware-river-basin/) - Number: 1987-16 WHEREAS, the Delaware River provides water to some 24 million people, roughly 10 percent of the population of the Nation; and WHEREAS, the Delaware River Basin includes the Upper and Middle Delaware Scenic and Recreational Rivers, Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, several national wildlife refuges, and other environmental values of national importance;
- [Unified Striped Bass Management Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/unified-striped-bass-management-program/) - Number: 1977-28 WHEREAS, in order to survive, the striped bass or rock fish populations must have a dominant hatch every six years, and results from the 1976 hatch show it is insufficient; and WHEREAS, man continues to pollute and poison spawning grounds of striped bass with a bewildering variety of chemicals such as PCB's
- [Wilderness of Charles M. Russell Game Range](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/wilderness-of-charles-m-russell-game-range/) - Number: 1975-21 WHEREAS, the Charles M. Russell National Game Range offers potentially excellent habitat for native mammals and birds, including many endangered and threatened species; and WHEREAS, the 125-mile Fort Peck Reservoir with the Range has 1500 miles of shoreline; and WHEREAS, the Range offers outstanding opportunities for hunting, fishing, nature photography, and other
- [Weather Modification](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/weather-modification/) - Number: 1975-07 WHEREAS, the state of the art in weather modification has progressed to the point where man, in his efforts to enhance agriculture production, aid commerce and avert natural disasters, now is frequently able to modify weather to increase precipitation, suppress hail, and dissipate certain kinds of fog under favorable atmospheric conditions; and
- [Tulana Farms Land Disposal](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/tulana-farms-land-disposal/) - Number: 1975-25 WHEREAS, waterfowl and other migratory birds visiting the Tule Lake-Klamath area of Oregon and California already benefit from feed left from grain harvests on Tulana Farms in the Upper Klamath Lake area; and WHEREAS, Tulana Farms tracts known as the Agency, Hooper, and Petric lands adjoin Federal properties managed by the Fish
- [Treatment of Plant Construction and Land Use](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/treatment-of-plant-construction-and-land-use/) - Number: 1975-12 WHEREAS, the Environmental Protection Agency is authorized to issue $18 billion in grants for the construction of municipal waste water treatment plants; and WHEREAS, the construction of such plants, sewers, and interceptor lines for excessive reserve capacity has been found to stimulate additional land use and development which, when unplanned, leads to
- [Timber Management Policies of the U.S. Forest Service](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/timber-management-policies-of-the-u-s-forest-service/) - Number: 1975-15 WHEREAS, the President's Advisory Panel on Timber and the Environment recommends that public and private practices to increase timber production be concentrated on lands which are most responsive to intensified management; and WHEREAS, intensive forestry management can result in conflicts with other of the multiple uses when applied to areas which are
- [The Environment and the Economy](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/the-environment-and-the-economy/) - Number: 1975-03 WHEREAS, the Nation's mounting dual economic crisis of inflation and recession is stimulating critical review of Federal, state, and local expenditures for pollution controls and environmental protection; and WHEREAS, studies contracted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Council on Environmental Quality have found that current environmental expenditures cause an annual
- [Solid Waste Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/solid-waste-management/) - Number: 1975-11 WHEREAS, the nation's total generation of solid wastes-- agricultural, mining, and municipal--approaches five billion tons annually and is growing; and WHEREAS, municipal wastes alone comprise several million tons annually, and convenience packaging constitutes the fastest growing portion of those wastes; and WHEREAS, nearly half of the Nation's cities are expected to run
- [Roadside Zoos or Menageries](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/roadside-zoos-or-menageries/) - Number: 1975-06 WHEREAS, many so-called roadside zoos or menageries frequently are established as adjunct to commercial ventures by individuals unskilled in the handling and care of wildlife; and WHEREAS, roadside zoos or menageries often are permitted to operate with a minimum of governmental oversight; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation long has supported the
- [Protection of Yellowstone River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/protection-of-yellowstone-river/) - Number: 1975-22 WHEREAS, the Yellowstone River is of vital importance to Montana and the Nation as a free-flowing stream which produces high quality water for agricultural, recreational, and municipal and industrial purposes; and WHEREAS, the value of the Yellowstone River and its watershed would be diminished greatly if the free-flowing character of the stream
- [Preservation of Agricultural Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/preservation-of-agricultural-lands/) - Number: 1975-23 WHEREAS, much of the country's farmland is an irreplaceable resource which should be protected and improved, both for its ecological significance and because of its contribution to the Nation's economy; and WHEREAS, little progress has been made in developing a coordinated and unified approach to land use planning; and WHEREAS, if the
- [Observance of National Wildlife Week, 1975](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/observance-of-national-wildlife-week-1975/) - Number: 1975-29 WHEREAS, the wildlife bestowed by Nature upon our world has ever been a source of beauty, inspiration, and enjoyment to the people of the United States; and WHEREAS, this same wildlife brings many other benefits to man and his civilization; and WHEREAS, many forms of wildlife are prospering while many others need
- [Natural Gas Transmission in Alaska](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/natural-gas-transmission-in-alaska/) - Number: 1975-17 WHEREAS, an estimated 26 trillion cubic feet of natural gas reserves have been discovered associated with oil resources now being developed at Prudhoe Bay, Alaska; and WHEREAS, utilization of these resources by the Nation is of a high order of priority and inevitability; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has a deep
- [Native Rights to Fish and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/native-rights-to-fish-and-wildlife/) - Number: 1975-30 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is dedicated to the principles of sound, scientific wildlife management; and WHEREAS, this organization upholds the Constitution of the United States of America, including those provisions which state that all citizens must receive equal treatment under law, regardless of race, creed or color; and WHEREAS, special privileges
- [National Conservation Public Service Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/national-conservation-public-service-program/) - Number: 1975-09 WHEREAS, the United States is experiencing a serious economic recession with widespread unemployment, both in inner city areas and in rural regions; and WHEREAS, there is a large backlog of unfilled projects on federal and other public lands involving wildlife habitat improvement, reforestation, timber stand improvement, trail construction, erosion control, and other
- [Marine Sanctuaries](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/marine-sanctuaries/) - Number: 1975-05 WHEREAS, marine sanctuaries may be established in ocean areas as far seaward as the edge of the Continental Shelf or other coastal waters where the tide ebbs and flows, or of the Great Lakes and their connecting waters; and WHEREAS, these areas provide habitat for many species of fish, shellfish, and water
- [Management of Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/management-of-wildlife/) - Number: 1975-19 WHEREAS, the proper harvest of game and furbearers is an important management tool for the control of their populations; and WHEREAS, the harvest of game through regulated hunting has from time immemorial provided man with wholesome recreation as well as providing him a source of food; and WHEREAS, the hunter who has
- [Management of Wild Horses and Burros](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/management-of-wild-horses-and-burros/) - Number: 1975-26 WHEREAS, wild horses and burros compete with native wildlife and domestic livestock for forage and water and create serious problems of erosion; and WHEREAS, wild horses and burros must be managed and maintained in numbers in harmony with the ability of the environment to support them and other desirable forms of wildlife
- [Major Conservation Issues, 1975](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/major-conservation-issues-1975/) - Number: 1975-01 From knowledge as an association of independent state organizations and their affiliated local groups, the National Wildlife Federation is of the firm conviction that an alert and fully-informed public will demand sound management of natural resources. Public education is the solid foundation upon which conservation practices must be based. Overall, the National
- [Land Withdrawls in Alaska](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/land-withdrawls-in-alaska/) - Number: 1975-16 WHEREAS, the Alaska Native Land Claims Settlement Act provides for the withdrawal of 80 million acres of land; and WHEREAS, the Secretary of the Interior, in accordance with provisions in the Act, has submitted recommendations for legislation to the Congress for the establishment of national parks and monuments, wildlife refuges, forests, resource
- [Killing of Porpoises](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/killing-of-porpoises/) - Number: 1975-10 WHEREAS, the incidental killing of porpoises by commercial tuna fishermen in the eastern Pacific still continues at a rate well in excess of 100,000 animals a year; and WHEREAS, all tuna purse seine fishing methods and procedures adopted to date and the fishery gear developed thus far have worked only to alleviate,
- [Idaho Primitive Area](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/idaho-primitive-area/) - Number: 1975-27 WHEREAS, the Chamberlain Basin in the Idaho Primitive Area contains the State's outstanding elk range; and WHEREAS, it also is inhabited by more than 190 species of wildlife; and WHEREAS, the Basin contributes vitally to the water quality of the Middle Fork of the Salmon and the Salmon River and greatly affects
- [Funding for Dickey-Lincoln Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/funding-for-dickey-lincoln-act/) - Number: 1975-28 WHEREAS, the St. John River watershed in northern Maine is a significant wildlife and fisheries habitat, a wilderness area with little access, and is highly productive in forest products which are renewable resources; and WHEREAS, the proposed Dickey-Lincoln hydroelectric project would destroy forever this unique resource by flooding 89,000 acres of the
- [Flood Plain Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/flood-plain-management/) - Number: 1975-04 WHEREAS, present governmental flood plain policies reflect past needs--ready access to water transportation, easy water supply, simplified construction sites, and multi-facet management with continued development; and WHEREAS, current floods frequently are higher and more destructive and expensive, despite structural protective works (dams, levees, channels), than those of the past, with needless losses
- [Financing of Wildlife Refuge Requisition Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/financing-of-wildlife-refuge-requisition-program/) - Number: 1975-14 WHEREAS, the abundance of our wild waterfowl population is directly related to the amount of waterfowl wetland habitat available; and WHEREAS, the United States duck hunter, through his purchase of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp, otherwise known as the Duck Stamp, has carried a considerable financial burden of purchasing the necessary wetlands
- [Federal and Highway State Lighting](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/federal-and-highway-state-lighting/) - Number: 1975-24 WHEREAS, the entire nation is faced with a very real energy shortage with no short-term solution; and WHEREAS, the interstate, federal and state highways of the entire nation have literally millions of lights that burn from dusk to daylight at most all intersections; and WHEREAS, the lights are great in number and
- [Expression of Sorrow](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/expression-of-sorrow/) - Number: 1975-13 WHEREAS, accomplishments of conservationists in one era frequently are built upon sound foundations of efforts laid down by pioneers who preceded them; and WHEREAS, from the time of its inception in 1936 until the present, the success of the National Wildlife Federation can be attributed to the dedicated and devoted efforts of
- [Establishment of Red Desert Game Range](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/establishment-of-red-desert-game-range/) - Number: 1975-20 WHEREAS, the Red Desert area of Wyoming is in public ownership and provides forage for privately-owned domestic livestock; and WHEREAS, the Red Desert offers excellent opportunities to manage public wildlife resources for the public benefit; and WHEREAS, agencies of the federal and state government have responsibilities to manage public wildlife resources on
- [Establishing a National Energy Policy](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/establishing-a-national-energy-policy/) - Number: 1975-02 WHEREAS, the use of energy in the United States has outstripped the Nation's capability to produce it under current conditions of use, resulting in unfavorable international trade imbalances; and WHEREAS, these circumstances have provoked efforts to meet demands with supplies of energy from all sources, many of which can be exploited only
- [Environmental Hazards and the Burden of Proof](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/environmental-hazards-and-the-burden-of-proof/) - Number: 1975-08 WHEREAS, the hazardous environmental and human health effects of many pollutants and commercially-manufactured chemical substances cannot be proven because they do not become manifest for several years or even decades following introduction into the environment; and WHEREAS, thousands of chemical substances are manufactured commercially and used each year without publicly reviewed pre-market
- [Desert Land Entries](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/desert-land-entries/) - Number: 1975-31 WHEREAS, in recent years the values of public domain lands have soared far beyond the present filing fee of 25¢ per acre; and WHEREAS, these desert and semi-arid lands are becoming of increasing value as habitat for wildlife and domestic livestock; and WHEREAS, these lands are significant in the economics of communities
- [Conversion from the Use of Lead Shot](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1975/04/conversion-from-the-use-of-lead-shot/) - Number: 1975-18 WHEREAS, lead shot poisoning of migratory waterfowl is a serious problem and warrants solution; and WHEREAS, alternative shot has been developed which is sufficiently effective to begin a conversion from the use of lead shot; and WHEREAS, the U.S. Department of the Interior has the responsibility under international treaty and federal law
- [Wildlife Acreage Set Aside Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/wildlife-acreage-set-aside-program/) - Number: 1976-22 WHEREAS, the Nation is involved in an agricultural program that promotes optimum production with little consideration for conservation practices or wildlife values; and WHEREAS, there is a dire need for improving conservation practices and making them more attractive to wildlife; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the National Wildlife Federation, in annual
- [Wando River Port Expansion](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/wando-river-port-expansion/) - Number: 1976-20 WHEREAS, the South Carolina State Port Authority has applied for a permit to dredge, fill, and construct a marine terminal on the Wando River at Charleston, S.C.; and WHEREAS, the Wando estuary is comprised of some 10,000 acres of high quality marsh, one providing excellent habitat for numerous species of fish and
- [Vegetation Removal on National Resource Land](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/vegetation-removal-on-national-resource-land/) - Number: 1976-10 WHEREAS, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the U.S. Forest Service frequently remove vegetative growth such as pinon-juniper and sagebrush from large areas of public lands in an effort to enhance forage for livestock without adequate inventories of existing wildlife habitat; and WHEREAS, the removal of such vegetation often deprives many
- [Trotter Shoals](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/trotter-shoals/) - Number: 1976-21 WHEREAS, the proposed Trotter Shoals (Richard B. Russell Dam) on the Savannah River, South Carolina and Georgia, would destroy thousands of acres of prime bottomland habitat for wildlife; and WHEREAS, the project would destroy approximately one-half of the total available trout habitat in South Carolina; and WHEREAS, the environmental impact of the
- [The Effects of Waterfowl Hunting Regulation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/the-effects-of-waterfowl-hunting-regulation/) - Number: 1976-04 WHEREAS, the basic principles of scientific wildlife management usually provide for complete protection of those species classed as "endangered" or "threatened" or are dwindling drastically in numbers; and WHEREAS, scientific wildlife management provides for hunting of suitable game species when harvestable surpluses exist; and WHEREAS, wildlife managers can regulate harvests by varying
- [Stocking of Fish in National Parks](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/stocking-of-fish-in-national-parks-2/) - Number: 1976-06 WHEREAS, fishing long has been a desirable activity which enhances outdoor experiences for many visitors to National Forests, including areas of wilderness; and WHEREAS, thousands of lakes of appreciable size, which can sustain fishing, are located within national forest units of the National Wilderness Preservation System; and WHEREAS, public fishing in these
- [Stocking of Fish in National Parks](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/stocking-of-fish-in-national-parks/) - Number: 1976-05 WHEREAS, fishing long has been a desirable activity which enhanced outdoor experiences for many visitors to units of the National Park System; and WHEREAS, it is necessary to plant fingerlings to sustain fishable populations of trout in many lakes located within units of the National Park System, particularly those in mountainous areas
- [State Jurisdiction Over Big Game Shooting Preserves](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/state-jurisdiction-over-big-game-shooting-preserves/) - Number: 1976-07 WHEREAS, some state wildlife agencies do not have jurisdiction over exotic big game mammals on shooting preserves; and WHEREAS, such hunting has in some instances in the past held little resemblance to sport hunting, thereby subjecting the entire sport of hunting to ridicule and shame; and WHEREAS, the general public expects state
- [Road Closures](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/road-closures/) - Number: 1976-15 WHEREAS, logging operations have resulted in many unneeded accesses to some national forest, national resource lands, and national grasslands; and WHEREAS, these accesses have had undesirable impacts upon wildlife habitat, hunting experiences, soil erosion, and stream sedimentation; and WHEREAS, open primary roads at widely-dispersed points are sufficient to provide reasonable (access for)
- [Nuclear Power Plants and Nuclear Wastes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/nuclear-power-plants-and-nuclear-wastes/) - Number: 1976-17 WHEREAS, with the passage of time the expanding needs for energy have increased with our population and economic growth; and WHEREAS, the projection of world petroleum reserves indicate they will be depleted within the next fifty years; and WHEREAS, many new sources of energy are needed to maintain our future economic well-being;
- [Mitigation for Wildlife Losses](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/mitigation-for-wildlife-losses/) - Number: 1976-16 WHEREAS, conservationists feel that mitigation for wildlife losses due to water resource development projects has been inadequate when based on man days of use; and WHEREAS, an evaluation system which analyzes the resource itself and not the expected use of the resource more accurately assesses the effects of water resource development projects;
- [Major Conservation Issues, 1976](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/major-conservation-issues-1976/) - Number: 1976-01 From knowledge as an association of independent state organizations and their affiliated local groups, the National Wildlife Federation is of the firm conviction that an alert and fully-informed public will demand sound management of natural resources. Public education is the solid foundation upon which conservation practices must be based. Overall, the National
- [Little River Development Plan](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/little-river-development-plan/) - Number: 1976-18 WHEREAS, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has been asked to convert approximately 1700 acres of land presently leased to the State of South Carolina for wildlife purposes into a privately-developed recreational complex known as the Little River Development Plan on Clark Hill Reservoir at McCormick, S.C.; and WHEREAS, the proposed site
- [Land and Water Conservation Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/land-and-water-conservation-program/) - Number: 1976-08 WHEREAS, there are growing demands on land, water, and related resources of the nation to meet the present and future needs for food and fiber, rural and urban development, agricultural, industrial, and community water supply, fish and wildlife habitat, recreational facilities, and other needs of the public; and WHEREAS, these resources are
- [Lakeshore Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/lakeshore-management/) - Number: 1976-03 WHEREAS, a strip of public land of variable width surrounds all reservoirs constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; and WHEREAS, the Corps has promulgated regulations designed to provide for the management of Corps lands surrounding its reservoirs; and WHEREAS, some land developers, elected officials, government agencies and owners of property
- [Kanakee River Basin Study](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/kanakee-river-basin-study/) - Number: 1976-26 WHEREAS, the State of Indiana under the Dept. of Natural Resources has formed a study group known as the Kankakee River Basin Study; and WHEREAS, the Study Group is made up of representatives of the U.S. Department of the Interior and Geological Survey, and are using Public Law 83-566 as their authority;
- [Hunter Education](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/hunter-education/) - Number: 1976-12 WHEREAS, a majority of the young people in the United States dwell in urban areas; and WHEREAS, a majority of young people no longer receive personal field training from members of their own families; and WHEREAS, many citizens develop a desire to hunt, and to purchase a license to hunt, without the
- [House Rock Valley-Paria Plateau Area of the Arizona Strip](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/house-rock-valley-paria-plateau-area-of-the-arizona-strip/) - Number: 1976-23 WHEREAS, the United States Congress passed Public Law 93-531 for the purpose of providing final settlement of the conflicting rights and interests of the Hopi and Navajo Tribes to lands lying within the joint use area of the reservation; and WHEREAS, the conflicts cited to Congress exist only between the respective Tribal
- [Funds for Non-Game and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/funds-for-non-game-and-wildlife/) - Number: 1976-09 WHEREAS, non-game species of fish and wildlife (including those which are threatened or in danger of extinction) merit scientific management; and WHEREAS, wildlife agencies in most states devote significant amounts of money and effort to the management of non-game species; and WHEREAS, most state fish and wildlife resource management agencies are supported
- [Fish and Wildlife Habitat Development on Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/fish-and-wildlife-habitat-development-on-public-lands/) - Number: 1976-25 WHEREAS, public lands consisting of approximately 750 million acres of public land, are important for the production of wood, water, wildlife, recreation, forage, and other resources; and WHEREAS, federal natural resource management programs are not in balance to meet public needs, and fish and wildlife habitat development programs are not adequate to
- [Effects of Insecticide on Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/effects-of-insecticide-on-wildlife/) - Number: 1976-13 WHEREAS, large-scale applications of pesticides are being continued, particularly to combat forest insect pests; and WHEREAS, demands for large-scale spraying of chemicals to control nuisance insects such as mosquitoes and blackflies are accelerating; and WHEREAS, federal and state environmental protection agencies and others, through research and regulations, are reducing the hazards which
- [Dams on the Kootenai and Yak Rivers](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/dams-on-the-kootenai-and-yak-rivers/) - Number: 1976-14 WHEREAS, Libby Dam impounded nearly 100 miles of the mainstream Kootenai River and 50 miles of tributaries; and WHEREAS, relocation of the Burlington Northern Railroad through the Fisher River, Wolf Creek, and Fortine Creek has resulted in extensive channelization and habitat destruction for 12 miles of stream; and WHEREAS, the opportunity for
- [Congaree Swamp](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/congaree-swamp/) - Number: 1976-19 WHEREAS, approximately 10,000 acres of the Congaree Swamp constitutes a major remaining uncut mature southern hardwood swamp; and WHEREAS, the Congaree Swamp is a unique biotic area containing many outstanding trees of record-establishing size and provides excellent habitat for numerous species of wildlife, including at least five classed as rare or endangered;
- [Colorado River Basin Salinity Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/colorado-river-basin-salinity-act/) - Number: 1976-24 WHEREAS, Public Law 93-320, known as the Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Act, authorizes and directs the Secretary of the Interior to proceed with a program of works, including a desalinization plant, for the enhancement and protection of the quality of water available in the Colorado River for use in the United
- [Agricultural Conservation Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/agricultural-conservation-program/) - Number: 1976-11 WHEREAS, the Agricultural Conservation Program (ACP), a cost-sharing program administered by the Secretary of Agriculture, has evolved over the years since its establishment in the mid-1930's into a program aimed principally at increasing agricultural production by providing federal matching funds for many short-term production-oriented practices; and WHEREAS, the program was designed to
- [A Blueprint for Progress](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1976/04/a-blueprint-for-progress/) - Number: 1976-02 WHEREAS, the Bicentennial observance is highlighting the history of the Nation and those factors, including natural resources, which were significant in its development; and WHEREAS, the conservation-environmental movement evolved from documented needs for better husbandry and wise management of both renewable and non-renewable resources which have contributed so much to our national
- [Water Flow Reservations for Fish and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/water-flow-reservations-for-fish-and-wildlife/) - Number: 1977-21 WHEREAS, Montana water law provides that fish and wildlife and recreation are beneficial uses of water, along with such traditional uses as agriculture, domestic supplies, industry, and power; and WHEREAS, the Yellowstone River is a free-flowing aquatic ecosystem supporting a variety of game and non-game fish and wildlife of national importance; and
- [Use of Scarce Water Supply for Coal Slurry Operations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/use-of-scarce-water-supply-for-coal-slurry-operations/) - Number: 1977-29 WHEREAS, there is a proposal that coal be transported by slurry from Mesilla Walsenburg area, Colorado, to San Marcos, Texas; and WHEREAS, the project would use scarce-supplies of water from underground aquifers; and WHEREAS, removal of water from underground aquifers supplying the Rio Grande River and other similar areas will have adverse
- [Special Wildlife Management Unit in Montana](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/special-wildlife-management-unit-in-montana/) - Number: 1977-23 WHEREAS, the Gallatin Elk Herd requires range on controlled access lands in order to survive and prosper; and WHEREAS, elk and other big game animals long have been associated with Yellowstone National Park and the Gallatin and Beaverhead National Forests of Montana; and WHEREAS, recent economic growth and development, including resource extraction
- [Reorganization of Federal Agents](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/reorganization-of-federal-agents/) - Number: 1977-06 WHEREAS, the Federal Government has been playing an increasingly significant role in the lives of all Americans, and rush of the expansion in recent years has been haphazard; and WHEREAS, citizens have a right to expect a high degree of efficiency in the Federal Government; and WHEREAS, in managing and conserving natural
- [Removal of Monkeys from Desecheo Island](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/removal-of-monkeys-from-desecheo-island/) - Number: 1977-31 WHEREAS, the island of Desecheo off Puerto Rico's west coast was once known to be an outstanding nesting island for approximately 15,000 sea birds; and WHEREAS, these seabird nesting colonies have been nearly eliminated and their reproductive capabilities destroyed, apparently by the introduction of Rhesus Monkeys on the island a decade ago;
- [Removal of Burros from the Grand Canyon](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/removal-of-burros-from-the-grand-canyon/) - Number: 1977-24 WHEREAS, the National Park Service has determined that total removal of the feral burro from the Grand Canyon National Park is necessary to protect many native plants and animals; and WHEREAS, Bureau of Land Management studies have verified destruction of wildlife habitat on National Resource Lands by feral burros; and WHEREAS, studies
- [Regulation of Ocean Outfalls](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/regulation-of-ocean-outfalls/) - Number: 1977-05 WHEREAS, Section 403 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 (FWPCA) prohibits ocean discharges about which exists insufficient information to reasonably judge the impacts; and WHEREAS, this Section directs the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator to issue regulations for determining these impacts; and WHEREAS, present EPA regulations do not
- [Reduction in Minimum Highway Design Speed Standards](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/reduction-in-minimum-highway-design-speed-standards/) - Number: 1977-19 WHEREAS, the nationwide speed limit of 55 mph is an important energy conservation and safety measure; and WHEREAS, design standards for limited access highways adopted by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) do not reflect a reduction from the previous 70 mph speed limit; and WHEREAS, FHWA continued to participate in and financially
- [Protection of Public Waters Against Oil and Chemical Pollution](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/protection-of-public-waters-against-oil-and-chemical-pollution/) - Number: 1977-17 WHEREAS, recent oil and chemical spills into both oceanic and inland waters from tankers and barges again have demonstrated the hazards to living creatures and to the environment which can result from mishandled shipping in congested areas; and WHEREAS, spill hazards also exist from oil exploration, production, and transportation on offshore regions,
- [Protection for Natural Resources in Alaska](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/protection-for-natural-resources-in-alaska/) - Number: 1977-13 WHEREAS, the beautiful and gigantic State of Alaska is featured by spectacular natural resource such as lofty mountains, imposing glaciers, rivers, and green valleys, extensive stands of timber, and fish and wildlife as well as significant mineral deposits; and WHEREAS, the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act and the Alaska Statehood Act provide
- [Protection for Missouri River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/protection-for-missouri-river/) - Number: 1977-30 WHEREAS, the section of the Missouri River between Yankton, S.D., and Ponca, Nebraska, constitutes the last reach of the old wide-bed, meandering stream remaining in a relatively natural state; and WHEREAS, the section of the Missouri River extending from Fort Randall Dam, S.D., to the mouth of the Niobrara River, Nebraska, remains
- [Penalties or Damages for Wildlife Destruction](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/penalties-or-damages-for-wildlife-destruction/) - Number: 1977-04 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation believes that the intentional destruction or modification of fish and wildlife habitat by human activity should be mitigated by replacement to the extent possible of the habitat modified or destroyed; but WHEREAS, the recent rash of oil tanker accidents and large scale industrial accidents has demonstrated that
- [Palau Super Port](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/palau-super-port/) - Number: 1977-08 WHEREAS, international industrial interests are planning a massive supertanker transshipment port and oil storage facility in the Palau Island; and WHEREAS, this installation would require extensive dredging and other disturbance of the biologically-rich and relatively undisturbed Kossel Reef system, which is of high ecologic, scientific, educational, and recreational value; and WHEREAS, the
- [Orme Dam, Arizona](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/orme-dam-arizona/) - Number: 1977-26 WHEREAS, the portion of the Central Arizona Project known as the Orme Dam, sited at the confluence of the Salt and Verde Rivers, will flood approximately twenty-five (25) miles of desert streamside habitat, which is the last stream habitat with concommitant natural growth of its kind within a radius of sixty (60)
- [Oil and Chemical Spills on Navigable Waters](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/oil-and-chemical-spills-on-navigable-waters/) - Number: 1977-16 WHEREAS, several catastrophic oil and chemical spills or leaks in marine waters have occurred in recent months; and WHEREAS, catastrophic oil and chemical spills or leaks many occur in waters beyond and within the jurisdiction of a coastal state; and WHEREAS, spills may be harmful to the resources of the state or
- [Ocean Resources and Marine Policy](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/ocean-resources-and-marine-policy/) - Number: 1977-12 WHEREAS, the diverse and vast wealth of the oceans is of vital importance to the future of all mankind; and WHEREAS, modern technology permits increasingly greater harvest of food and prodigious growth in the vessels of commerce, and has made possible the taking of previously unobtainable minerals and raw fuels from the
- [Natural Gas Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/natural-gas-conservation/) - Number: 1977-15 WHEREAS, this Nation has suffered severe natural gas shortages during 1977; and WHEREAS, the life and well-being of millions of Americans depend upon natural gas for residential heating, industrial purposes, and manufacturing; and WHEREAS, Americans must adopt changes in life styles to conserve and wisely utilize all remaining natural gas supplies; and
- [National Transportation Goals](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/national-transportation-goals/) - Number: 1977-09 WHEREAS, reliance on automobile transportation has led to reduction in air quality, great consumption of energy resources, increased water pollution, and loss of wildlife habitat and living space to highways, parking lots, and automobile-oriented facilities; and WHEREAS, the Nation's natural waterways are being subject to persistent dredging and channelization for barge transportation,
- [National Policy on Pesticide Use](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/national-policy-on-pesticide-use/) - Number: 1977-03 WHEREAS, the sane and intelligent use of pesticides can bring benefits to all Americans; and WHEREAS, the improper use of pesticides can result in immediate poisoning, kidney and liver damage, lowered resistance to disease, damage to the central nervous system, cancer, genetic mutations, and birth defects with enormous human, societal and monetary
- [National Materials Policy](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/national-materials-policy/) - Number: 1977-10 WHEREAS, this Nation's consumption of its natural resources continues at an alarming rate; and WHEREAS, the U.S. dependence upon foreign sources for growing amounts of crucial raw materials continues; and WHEREAS, the national security is dependent upon adequate supplies of many of these resources; and WHEREAS, the national economic stability is threatened
- [National Beverage Container Legislation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/national-beverage-container-legislation-2/) - Number: 1977-18 WHEREAS, legislation requiring mandatory deposits on soft drink and malt beverage containers has been recognized as a means to significantly reduce litter, conserve non-renewable natural resources, save energy, reduce solid waste, and promote a general conservation ethic; and WHEREAS, the legislatures of the states of Oregon, Vermont, and South Dakota have passed
- [Major Conservation Issues, 1977](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/major-conservation-issues-1977/) - Number: 1977-01 From knowledge as an association of independent state organizations and their affiliated local groups, the National Wildlife Federation believes that an alert and fully-informed public will demand sound management of natural resources. Public education, therefore, is the solid foundation upon which conservation practices must be based. The National Wildlife Federation continues firm
- [Indian Treaty Rights](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/indian-treaty-rights/) - Number: 1977-20 WHEREAS, various Indian tribes are asserting rights to various fish and wildlife resources, as well as rights in and to public and private lands and/or the timber and minerals located thereon; and WHEREAS, many of the rights asserted are based upon treaties executed between various Indian tribes and the United States Government
- [Improvement of Federal Works Projects](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/improvement-of-federal-works-projects/) - Number: 1977-02 WHEREAS, the planning of Federal public works projects has taken place in the past with low regard for water quality, fish, wildlife, and aesthetic values; and WHEREAS, the Federal Government will continue to be involved in public work planning through construction programs (including those of the Army Corps of Engineers, Bureau of
- [Food for Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/food-for-wildlife/) - Number: 1977-14 WHEREAS, the United States has entered into international treaties for the protection and management of migratory birds with both Canada and Mexico; and WHEREAS, the United States has an obligation to provide suitable habitat, including feeding areas, for migratory birds, both game and non-game species; and WHEREAS, privately-owned agricultural lands support significant
- [Flathead River Drainage](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/flathead-river-drainage/) - Number: 1977-22 WHEREAS, the Flathead Drainage has three forks which originate in mountainous and wild country: the North and Middle Forks forming the western and southern boundaries of Glacier National Park, and the South Fork which heads into the Bob Marshall Wilderness; and WHEREAS, these waters and the adjacent Park lands are familiar to
- [Deep Sea Bed Mining](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/deep-sea-bed-mining/) - Number: 1977-11 WHEREAS, large expanses of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Ocean floors beyond the submerged margins of the continents are carpeted with billions of tons of nodules containing commercially valuable proportions of manganese, cooper, nickel, cobalt, and other minerals; and WHEREAS, several United States companies and many multinational consortiums are rapidly developing and
- [Closure of Forest Land to Camping](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/closure-of-forest-land-to-camping/) - Number: 1977-27 WHEREAS, the United States Forest Service has recently announced closures of national forest land to camping by reason of lack of funds for patrol and cleanup; and WHEREAS, such closures deprive the public of the use of public land without adequate notice and opportunity to comment; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that
- [Climate Change](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/climate-change/) - Number: 1977-07 WHEREAS, historical accounts and scientific records corroborate that changes cyclically over the long-term and fluctuates in the short-term as well; and WHEREAS, climatic changes and fluctuations can have great environmental, economic, and social impact on world order; and WHEREAS, it appears increasingly likely that man-caused pollution, industrial and in other forms, in
- [Access to Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1977/04/access-to-public-lands-3/) - Number: 1977-25 WHEREAS, vast areas of federal land within the United States are administered for the public benefit under multiple use concepts; and WHEREAS, from time to time portions of these lands are sold, traded, or leased to private interests which may prevent public access to public properties; and WHEREAS, the public has a
- [Wildlife Management on Private Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/wildlife-management-on-private-lands/) - Number: 1978-35 WHEREAS, the future welfare of all wildlife (game and nongame) is dependent on adequate wildlife habitat and its proper management; and WHEREAS, much of the better wildlife habitat, as well as the larger populations of wildlife, is found on private lands; and WHEREAS, private landowners are presently receiving insufficient financial and other
- [Wild Rivers in Washington](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/wild-rivers-in-washington/) - Number: 1978-22 WHEREAS, the Skagit, Sauk, Suiattle, and Cascade Rivers in the State of Washington possess superlative recreational and aesthetic values of major significance to large numbers of people; and WHEREAS, there is a demonstrated need to protect these streams and the associated lands from pollution and development; and WHEREAS, these streams and their
- [Water Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/water-conservation/) - Number: 1978-11 WHEREAS, numerous studies have shown most agricultural, industrial and municipal water uses to be inefficient and wasteful; and WHEREAS, techniques are available to improve the efficiency of these uses of water, reduce the need for expensive storage structures, and ensure the perpetuation of fish and wildlife resources; and NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT
- [Warrior Tombigbee and Related Projects](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/warrior-tombigbee-and-related-projects/) - Number: 1978-38 WHEREAS, the Corps of Engineers is carrying out major public works projects in Alabama and is now proposing "new" projects, such as the Warrior-Tombigbee project, which will have serious and adverse wildlife impacts; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation believes that all of the components and impacts of public works projects should
- [Walla Walla Watershed](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/walla-walla-watershed/) - Number: 1978-28 WHEREAS, the U.S. Forest Service, in the Elgin Planning Unit draft environmental impact statement, proposes a harvest-oriented alternative for the Walla Walla River Drainage; and WHEREAS, water resources of the watershed comprise the economic lifeline of the Walla Walla valley for irrigation and other domestic uses, and any losses would impact adversely
- [Urban Recreation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/urban-recreation/) - Number: 1978-18 WHEREAS, there is a continuing need to provide wholesome and healthful public recreational opportunities for all segments of the population; and WHEREAS, the Bureau of Outdoor Recreation, U.S. Department of the Interior, is finalizing an urban recreation study which documents the oftentimes critical recreational needs of many urban areas; and WHEREAS, the
- [Upper Mississippi Wildlife and Fish Refuge](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/upper-mississippi-wildlife-and-fish-refuge/) - Number: 1978-31 WHEREAS, the Upper Mississippi River Wild Life and Fish Refuge was established to provide needed habitat for migratory waterfowl as well as important fishery resources; and WHEREAS, efforts in 1974 to designate large areas of the Refuge and lands owned by the Army Corps of Engineers as wilderness were opposed by the
- [Upper Mississippi River and Barge Operations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/upper-mississippi-river-and-barge-operations/) - Number: 1978-21 WHEREAS, the scenic Upper Mississippi River Basin presently provides significant wildlife habitat and an excellent fishery, and is the location of two national wildlife refuges; and WHEREAS, increased barge traffic in the Upper Basin would threaten these major natural resource values by increasing dredging and dredge disposal for channel maintenance and by
- [Unregulated Harvest of Anadromous Fish](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/unregulated-harvest-of-anadromous-fish/) - Number: 1978-36 WHEREAS, the United States Supreme Court has ruled that the State of California is without authority to regulate Indian fishing on the Klamath River Reservations; and WHEREAS, fishing regulations established by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of the Interior, for the 1977 season were unenforceable and fishing essentially was unregulated;
- [Television Commercials on Four-Wheel Drive Vehicles](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/television-commercials-on-four-wheel-drive-vehicles/) - Number: 1978-26 WHEREAS, the four-wheel drive vehicle, when properly used, has proven its worth for both work and recreational purposes; and WHEREAS, the values of this vehicle for beneficial and sensible purposes far outweigh the illegal or ill-advised uses sometimes demonstrated in television commercials; and WHEREAS, some of these advertisements totally disregard considerations for
- [Sun Day, 1978](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/sun-day-1978/) - Number: 1978-15 WHEREAS, the United States today relies heavily upon supplies of fossil and nuclear fuels for its energy needs; and WHEREAS, the extraction, transportation, and consumption of such finite energy resources in massive quantities produces widespread and significant impacts upon the natural environment; and WHEREAS, solar energy in its various forms provides large
- [Stocking of Pen Reared Quail and Turkey](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/stocking-of-pen-reared-quail-and-turkey/) - Number: 1978-34 WHEREAS, pen-reared quail and turkey generally do not survive in areas where the habitat is insufficient to maintain populations of wild quail and turkey; and WHEREAS, pen-reared quail and turkey will compete with native wild populations for the possession of desirable ranges with the result a serious decline or extermination since pen-reared
- [Scientific Management of Whales](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/scientific-management-of-whales/) - Number: 1978-33 WHEREAS, the United States government has recognized the importance of protecting whale stocks from being exploited to the point of extinction; and WHEREAS, beginning in 1975, the International Whaling Commission adopted biologically-sound management procedures which require the active involvement and recommendations of the IWC's Scientific Committee; and WHEREAS, the management procedures, if
- [Renewable Resources Extension Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/renewable-resources-extension-program/) - Number: 1978-20 WHEREAS, the Cooperative Extension Service, composed of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Extension Service and the Cooperative Extension Service of each State, provides to private landowners and others many valuable educational services through land grant universities pursuant to the Smith-Lever Act (of May 8, 1914); and WHEREAS, activities of the Cooperative Extension
- [Regulation of Hydro Dams](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/regulation-of-hydro-dams/) - Number: 1978-12 WHEREAS, hydroelectric dams are responsible for serious water quality problems, including the creation of low dissolved oxygen and supersaturated atmospheric gas conditions in reservoirs and tailwaters; and WHEREAS, the existence of these conditions is responsible for periodic episodes of fish mortality and morbidity; and WHEREAS, the federal government has not undertaken to
- [Protection of Instream Flows](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/protection-of-instream-flows/) - Number: 1978-02 WHEREAS, the national policy to fully develop the substantial energy and mineral resources of the western United States will require enormous amounts of scarce water, thereby jeopardizing existing uses of water, including instream flows for fish and wildlife; and WHEREAS, opportunities are available under both state and federal law to reserve or
- [Noise Pollution Abatement](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/noise-pollution-abatement/) - Number: 1978-14 WHEREAS, noise pollution is an unwanted yet pervasive by-product of human activity; and WHEREAS, humans and wildlife never before have sustained the cumulative exposure to noise that prevails today; and WHEREAS, some 2,000 square miles of urban and suburban lands are impacted severely by noise from commercial aviation and freeway traffic; and;
- [Native Rights and Fish and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/native-rights-and-fish-and-wildlife/) - Number: 1978-16 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation continues to be dedicated to the principles of sound, scientific wildlife management; and WHEREAS, the scientific management of fish and wildlife is in jeopardy because of special privileges granted to the Indian people through judicial interpretation of treaties, making it difficult to regulate the taking of fish
- [National Park Service Concessionaire Project](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/national-park-service-concessionaire-project/) - Number: 1978-17 WHEREAS, many units of the National Park System are undergoing increased visitor use; and WHEREAS, increased visitation often dictates the accompanying increased availability of essential services; and WHEREAS, in some instances, these services are supplied by private concessionaire firms and/or individuals; and WHEREAS, on occasion, the concessionaires have assumed a disproportionate influence
- [National Food Insurance Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/national-food-insurance-program/) - Number: 1978-04 WHEREAS, the costs in terms of losses of lives and property from flooding have risen steadily over the years despite structural flood control projects; and WHEREAS, the National Flood Insurance Program was instituted in 1968 as a nonstructural alternative to flood damage control and to relieve the federal government as taxpayers of
- [Middle Santiam Wilderness, Oregon](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/middle-santiam-wilderness-oregon/) - Number: 1978-27 WHEREAS, a Middle Santiam Wilderness Area in Linn County, Oregon, is proposed in legislation currently before the U.S. Congress; and WHEREAS, most of the area currently is classified by the U.S. Forest Service as commercial forest land; and WHEREAS, the existing stand of timber is overripe and degenerating because of age, blowdown,
- [Management of Sewage Effluent and Sludge](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/management-of-sewage-effluent-and-sludge/) - Number: 1978-08 WHEREAS, sewage effluents and sludges from urban and industrial areas often are contaminated with toxic chemicals, as well as with mico-organisms and other pollutants; and WHEREAS, the disposal of these effluents and sludges into marine and fresh waters is deleterious to the aquatic environment, fish and wildlife, and human health; and WHEREAS,
- [Management of Natural Resources on Military Land](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/management-of-natural-resources-on-military-land/) - Number: 1978-05 WHEREAS, military reservations occupy approximately 26 million acres of public lands, much of it in the eastern part of the U.S. where other types of federal land are relatively scarce and not readily accessible to the public; and WHEREAS, much of the land area encompassed by military installations contains valuable natural resources
- [Management of Billfishes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/management-of-billfishes/) - Number: 1978-19 WHEREAS, the stocks of blue, black, and striped marlin as well as swordfish, sailfish, and spearfish are migratory and widely dispersed throughout Western and Tropical Atlantic waters, the Gulf of Mexico, and in the Pacific Ocean near Hawaii, Guam, and American Samoa; and WHEREAS, the high aesthetic and recreational appeal of billfish
- [Major Conservation Issues, 1978](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/major-conservation-issues-1978/) - Number: 1978-01 As an association of independent state organizations and their affiliated local groups, the National Wildlife Federation believes that an alert and fully-informed public will demand sound management of natural resources. Public education, therefore, is the solid foundation upon which conservation practices must be based. More conservation must be taught in the schools,
- [Long Range Programing for Natural Resource Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/long-range-programing-for-natural-resource-lands/) - Number: 1978-06 WHEREAS, the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (RPA, P.L. 93-378) requires that the Secretary of Agriculture, through the U.S. Forest Service, periodically (every 5 to 10 years) prepare an assessment of the conditions and uses of forests and rangelands of the United States and a long-range program for
- [Interagency Coordination on Wilderness](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/interagency-coordination-on-wilderness/) - Number: 1978-13 WHEREAS, the U.S. Forest Service currently is engaged in a re-evaluation of its lands for possible wilderness designation under the Wilderness Preservation System Act of 1964; and WHEREAS, the Bureau of Land Management is just beginning to review its roadless and undeveloped areas for possible eventual wilderness designation; and WHEREAS, numerous legislative
- [Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/indiana-dunes-national-lakeshore/) - Number: 1978-25 WHEREAS, the Lake Michigan shoreline of Indiana originally was proposed for designation as a national park in 1916 by Steven T. Mather, first director of the National Park Service; and WHEREAS, this shoreline and its associated sand dunes, wetlands, and plant communities constitute a natural resource of national significance, as evidenced by
- [Highway Rights of Way](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/highway-rights-of-way/) - Number: 1978-32 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has worked persistently for the adoption and enforcement of regulations by federal and state highway administrators which effectively would halt drainage of natural wetlands into highway rights-of-way; and WHEREAS, these rights-of-way, in most instances, are acquired and maintained with substantial federal funding; and WHEREAS, such rights-of-way also
- [Hazardous Waste Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/hazardous-waste-management-2/) - Number: 1978-07 WHEREAS, hazardous wastes represent an ever-growing number of particularly dangerous discards of our highly-industrialized, science and technology-based society; and WHEREAS, such wastes pose a substantial danger now and in the future to human, plant, and animal life, and therefore should be handled or disposed of with special care and precautions; and WHEREAS,
- [Federal Environmental Education Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/federal-environmental-education-act/) - Number: 1978-37 WHEREAS, wise use of natural resources and protection of our environment is a matter of great importance to all Americans; and WHEREAS, all programs and activities to conserve resources and enhance environmental quality are dependent upon an informed and supportive citizenry; and WHEREAS, environmental education--both formal school and informal public informational programs--are
- [Electric Transmission Lines](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/electric-transmission-lines/) - Number: 1978-09 WHEREAS, the number of miles of electric transmission lines and the number of acres of land lying within electric transmission rights-of-way are continuing to expand rapidly; and WHEREAS, in many instances, it appears that lands within existing and new electric transmission facilities could be managed in ways to enhance their value as
- [Deschutes River, Oregon](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/deschutes-river-oregon/) - Number: 1978-29 WHEREAS, the lower Deschutes River From Pelton Re-regulating Dam to its confluence with the Columbia River is one of the most scenic and finest fishing, hunting, and outdoor recreational streams in the Pacific Northwest; and WHEREAS, the lower Deschutes River is highly valued by the citizens of Oregon and other States in
- [Control of Toxic Substances](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/control-of-toxic-substances/) - Number: 1978-10 WHEREAS, the proliferation of toxic chemicals in a world increasingly reliant on manufactured and synthetic products is among the most pressing problems facing industrialized nations such as the United States; and WHEREAS, toxic chemicals including heavy metals and many chlorinated hydrocarbons are persistent and subject to bioaccumulation in humans, animals, and plants,
- [Columbia River Anadromous Fishery](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/columbia-river-anadromous-fishery/) - Number: 1978-23 WHEREAS, the construction and operation of hydro-electric dams on the mainstream Columbia and Snake Rivers in the Pacific Northwest has destroyed more than half of the spawning habitat of Pacific Coast anadromous fish and brought several runs to the brink of extinction; and WHEREAS, either as the construction or licensing agency, the
- [Agriculture, Shelter Belts and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/agriculture-shelter-belts-and-wildlife/) - Number: 1978-03 WHEREAS, soil valuable for agriculture and wildlife habitat is being lost in inordinate amounts to wind and water erosion in many parts of the Nation; and WHEREAS, soil losses in recent years were exacerbated by a national policy encouraging full agricultural production leading to the utilization of marginal lands and to the
- [Channelization of Streams, Oregon](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/channelization-of-streams-oregon/) - Number: 1978-30 WHEREAS, channelization of streams by federal construction agencies is destructive to fish and wildlife habitat and degrades water quality; and WHEREAS, studies of channelization have shown the practice to be one of the least successful methods of controlling floods; and WHEREAS, federal construction agencies have channelized without regard for recommendations by federal
- [Bobcat Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/bobcat-management/) - Number: 1978-39 WHEREAS, international sanctions against trade in critically endangered species of spotted cats have elevated the bobcat to a role of commercial importance; and WHEREAS, in several states, a lack of research on, and management of, bobcats prevails, and adequate population information is unavailable; and WHEREAS, the best available evidence indicates that bobcat
- [Accuracy in Wildlife Education Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1978/04/accuracy-in-wildlife-education-programs/) - Number: 1978-24 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation continues to support scientific wildlife management practices, including regulated hunting, fishing, and trapping; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation continues to recognize hunting, fishing, and trapping as legitimate recreational pursuits; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation considers education of this country's youth in scientifically accurate and responsible
- [Winter Navigation on the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/winter-navigation-on-the-great-lakes-st-lawrence-river/) - Number: 1979-16 WHEREAS, the River and Harbor Act of 1970 authorized the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to conduct a demonstration program to determine the feasibility of extending the navigation season on the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River System; and WHEREAS, the eight-year demonstration program is scheduled to terminate on Sept. 30, 1979; and WHEREAS,
- [Water for Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/water-for-wildlife/) - Number: 1979-21 WHEREAS, Nebraska's Rainwater Basin wetlands contribute significantly to the total waterfowl production of the Central Flyway; and WHEREAS, these basins and the Platte River are the principal spring staging areas for about 70% of the mid-continent population of white-fronted geese; and WHEREAS, agricultural development already has destroyed all but approximately 685 of
- [Use of Non-Toxic Shot in Waterfowl Migratory Hunting](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/use-of-non-toxic-shot-in-waterfowl-migratory-hunting/) - Number: 1979-32 WHEREAS, migratory waterfowl cross state and national boundaries and are important to the people of all states and our neighboring nations; and WHEREAS, lead shot poisoning of migratory waterfowl is a serious problem which warrants solution; and WHEREAS, the U.S. Department of the Interior has the responsibility under international treaty and federal
- [Universal Hunting and Fishing Licenses](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/universal-hunting-and-fishing-licenses/) - Number: 1979-10 WHEREAS, inflation, the taxpayers' revolt, and requirements to provide new services are creating serious funding problems for fish and wildlife agencies at a time when these agencies need increased funding; and WHEREAS, certain segments of the public continue to seek special privileges such as universal reciprocal hunting and fishing licenses which would
- [Subsistence](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/subsistence/) - Number: 1979-35 WHEREAS, the State of Alaska has enacted a subsistence law; and WHEREAS, certain federal subsistence provisions are proving detrimental to some fish and wildlife populations in various areas where they are applied; and WHEREAS, the subsistence privilege has in some instances been abused; and WHEREAS, fish and wildlife populations should be protected
- [States' Rights to Manage Fish and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/states-rights-to-manage-fish-and-wildlife/) - Number: 1979-34 WHEREAS, it has traditionally been the right of individual States to manage their fish and resident wildlife; and WHEREAS, the State of Alaska was granted similar rights as per the Statehood Act and its State Constitution; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the National Wildlife Federation, in annual meeting assembled March 22-25,
- [State Marine Recreational Licenses](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/state-marine-recreational-licenses/) - Number: 1979-07 WHEREAS, an estimated 21 million anglers in the estuarine and coastal waters of the United States catch about 1.2 billion pounds of edible fin-fish annually, with a total economic value of over $3.9 billion and a service industry employing over 241,000 people, all growing at a rate of about 5% per year;
- [Restrictions of Phosphates in Detergents](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/restrictions-of-phosphates-in-detergents/) - Number: 1979-17 WHEREAS, phosphorus has been demonstrated to be a limiting nutrient in many inland waters of the United States, increasing the rate of eutrophication in those waters; and WHEREAS, eutrophication results in over-production of algae and other aquatic plants, inhibiting recreational use of those waters; and WHEREAS, phosphorus is the major essential aquatic
- [Relative to the Reintroduction of Plants and Animals](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/relative-to-the-reintroduction-of-plants-and-animals/) - Number: 1979-39 WHEREAS, many animals and plants are listed as endangered and threatened under the federal Endangered Species Act; and WHEREAS, reintroduction within historic ranges may be a feasible and desirable management option designed to conserve these species; and WHEREAS, acceptance of such reintroductions by states, organizations, and individuals needs to be widened; NOW,
- [Protection of Critical Habitat Information](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/protection-of-critical-habitat-information/) - Number: 1979-08 WHEREAS, all wildlife, including those species listed as endangered or threatened, are interesting and important members of natural ecosystems; and WHEREAS, some rare species, particularly raptors, have economic value and occasionally enter into domestic and international trade despite laws prohibiting such activity; and WHEREAS, even those individuals interested only in observing or
- [Protection of Columbia River Instream Flows](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/protection-of-columbia-river-instream-flows/) - Number: 1979-28 WHEREAS, the need for legally established instream flows of adequate quality is fundamental to the future destiny of the salmon-steelhead resource of the Columbia River system; and WHEREAS, depletions to unallocated instream flows continue for various purposes, to the exclusion of needs of the fishery resource; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that
- [Protection for Special Wildlife Habitats](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/protection-for-special-wildlife-habitats/) - Number: 1979-38 WHEREAS, many valuable wildlife habitat areas across the Nation are increasingly threatened by developmental encroachment; and WHEREAS, the greater Yellowstone region of Northwest Wyoming, Southern Montana, and Eastern Idaho is one of the largest, most diverse, intact ecosystems remaining in the lower 48 states; and WHEREAS, the valley of Jackson Hole, Wyoming,
- [Professional Management of Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/professional-management-of-wildlife/) - Number: 1979-25 WHEREAS, it is essential that natural resource management be planned and executed by persons with sound professional backgrounds of educational training and experience; and WHEREAS, fish and wildlife and other natural resources require a continuity of management if they are to serve the broadest public interest; and WHEREAS, the continuity of natural
- [Platte River Environmental Assessment](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/platte-river-environmental-assessment/) - Number: 1979-22 WHEREAS, the U.S. District Court trial on the Grayrocks Dam and Laramie River Power Project and the Nebraska Water Resources Department hearings on the proposed diversion of Platte River water to the Little Blue River Basin have focused unprecedented attention on proposed water resources development in the Platte River System; and WHEREAS,
- [Pittman-Robertson Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/pittman-robertson-act/) - Number: 1979-24 WHEREAS, the state fish and wildlife agencies expend federal funds derived from the Pittman-Robertson Act for the maintenance, restoration, and enhancement of the wildlife resources of the states; and WHEREAS, these agency programs under the Pittman-Robertson Act also benefit furbearers and nongame species as well as game species through habitat improvement and
- [Moratorium on New Nuclear Electrical Generating Plants](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/moratorium-on-new-nuclear-electrical-generating-plants/) - Number: 1979-30 WHEREAS, new information has come to light regarding the health and safety aspects of nuclear generators, specifically NRC's repudiation of significant portions of the Rassmussen report and the recent findings regarding the health hazards of low levels of irradiation which debunk safety assurances made previously by the AEC; and WHEREAS, energy bureaucrats
- [Major Conservation Issues](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/major-conservation-issues-2/) - Number: 1979-01 As an association of independent state organizations and their affiliated local groups, the National Wildlife Federation believes that an alert and fully-informed public will demand sound management of natural resources. Public education, therefore, is the solid foundation upon which conservation practices must be based. More conservation must be taught in the schools,
- [International Wildlife Matters](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/international-wildlife-matters/) - Number: 1979-18 WHEREAS, wildlife and other international resources have increasingly become the subject of world conservation and political concern; and WHEREAS, the parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora are presently meeting to consider the protection, and import and export regulations for certain U.S. species such
- [Inter-Basin Water Transfers](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/inter-basin-water-transfers/) - Number: 1979-23 WHEREAS, current and projected annual demands for water exceed existing and potential renewable yields from surface and groundwater supplies in many basins in the United States; and WHEREAS, several agencies have advocated the construction of new inter-basin water transfer facilities in order to meet projected demands for water; WHEREAS, interests and rights
- [Intensive Salmon and Steelhead Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/intensive-salmon-and-steelhead-management/) - Number: 1979-26 WHEREAS, salmonoid fish runs on the Pacific Coast are in serious jeopardy, some to the extent that some runs and species are becoming endangered; and WHEREAS, these fishes appear to be most seriously impacted by declines in fresh water spawning habitat and commercial overharvest; and WHEREAS, the management and regulation of these
- [Importance of the Great Lakes System](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/importance-of-the-great-lakes-system/) - Number: 1979-15 WHEREAS, the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River System makes up the largest reservoir of fresh water in the world; and WHEREAS, its outstanding natural assets of fish and wildlife, vegetation, shorelines, sand dunes, islands and waters make it one of the world's most important resources; and WHEREAS, the 295,000-square mile basin borders eight
- [Grazing Environmental Impact Statements](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/grazing-environmental-impact-statements/) - Number: 1979-12 WHEREAS, the Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Department of the Interior, has agreed to satisfy a court order by developing environmental impact statements to cover 145 grazing districts on nearly 174 million acres of land in the eleven contiguous western states over the next ten years; and WHEREAS, the environmental impact statements,
- [Feral Horses and Burros](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/feral-horses-and-burros/) - Number: 1979-19 WHEREAS, free-roaming feral horses and burros have been increasing to excessive numbers on certain western lands administered by federal agencies since enactment of the Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burro Act of 1971 (P.L. 92-195); and WHEREAS, these increased numbers, in many instances, have created serious competition with indigenous wildlife and domestic livestock
- [Fencing of Pronghorn Antelope Ranges](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/fencing-of-pronghorn-antelope-ranges/) - Number: 1979-33 WHEREAS, public lands in the western states support some of our Nation's largest numbers of wildlife species, and; WHEREAS, many of these public lands, particularly the Red Desert in Wyoming, are largely unfenced tracts which allow free movement of migratory wildlife species such as the pronghorn antelope, and; WHEREAS, fencing to implement
- [Federal Coal Leasing](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/federal-coal-leasing/) - Number: 1979-37 WHEREAS, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is preparing to begin comprehensive resource planning in its administered western lands, including the identification and designation of "areas of critical environmental concern," forage allocations, and other multiple-use decisions; and WHEREAS, this review will also determine which BLM-administered lands are unsuitable for surface mining for
- [Family Farms](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/family-farms/) - Number: 1979-29 WHEREAS, the trend toward farms during the last decade has been to favor a "Get-Big-or-Get-Out" farming policy; and WHEREAS, family farms have been in a rapid decline, i.e., people leaving lands suitable for agriculture to people who would develop these lands for less suitable purposes; and WHEREAS, government policy, both state and
- [Energy Education](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/energy-education/) - Number: 1979-14 WHEREAS, there are a number of critical worldwide energy problems which affect our national security as well as the health and well-being of all Americans; and WHEREAS, energy conservation by all citizens is absolutely essential to solving these problems; and WHEREAS, educational programs, including formal programs for school students, training programs for
- [Endangered Species](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/endangered-species/) - Number: 1979-40 WHEREAS, in the haste to conclude a treaty for the control of trade in endangered wildlife and plants, certain species and larger taxa were included which are not actually endangered; and WHEREAS, the U.S. delegation at the meeting of parties of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna
- [Drainage and Filling of Wetlands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/drainage-and-filling-of-wetlands/) - Number: 1979-06 WHEREAS, fresh and saltwater wetlands provide unique and critically important habitat for many species of waterfowl, game and non-game birds and mammals, furbearers, fish and shellfish; and WHEREAS, these wetlands and the species of fish and wildlife that depend upon them provide millions of days of recreation annually for hunters, fishermen, trappers,
- [Dingell-Johnson Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/dingell-johnson-act/) - Number: 1979-11 WHEREAS, the Dingell-Johnson Act has provided state fish and wildlife agencies with a continuing and reliable source of funds to perform vital functions in behalf of fisheries management; and WHEREAS, the increased numbers of fishermen and improved fishing tackle and attendant equipment are creating ever-increasing demands for fisheries resources; and WHEREAS, there
- [Cumulative Assessment of Fish and Wildlife Impacts](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/cumulative-assessment-of-fish-and-wildlife-impacts/) - Number: 1979-31 WHEREAS, several federal agencies are presently involved in water resource planning and projects in all major watersheds of the United States; WHEREAS, these and other federal agencies are responsible for permitting federal, state, local and private dredge, fill and damming operations in the same watersheds. WHEREAS, impacts of these projects and permitted activities
- [Conservation of Tropical Forests](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/conservation-of-tropical-forests/) - Number: 1979-03 WHEREAS, tropical forests consist of and support tremendous numbers of plant and animal species, renewable resources with scientific, medicinal, genetic, cultural, aesthetic, nutritional, commercial and ecological values of global importance; and WHEREAS, realization of these values is dependent on sound resource management specifically designed for tropical forest ecosystems, in particular the adoption
- [Comparative Values of Recreational and Commercial Fisheries](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/comparative-values-of-recreational-and-commercial-fisheries/) - Number: 1979-13 WHEREAS, the adverse impact of increased human activities is causing declines in marine fisheries resources and overfishing can result; and WHEREAS, there is a growing awareness of the value of marine recreational fishing; and WHEREAS, studies, environmental impact statements, and other reports are being developed to determine comparative values between commercial and
- [Combating Desertification](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/combating-desertification/) - Number: 1979-02 WHEREAS, the processes and problems of desertification occur on every continent, including North America, and directly affect the social and economic welfare of millions of people, as exemplified by difficulties existing in sub-Sahara Africa since 1969; and WHEREAS, concern about natural resource degradation of arid and semi-arid lands is a continuing concern
- [Citizen Participation Funding](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/citizen-participation-funding/) - Number: 1979-09 WHEREAS, in order for government agencies to adopt fair rules for environmental protection, there must be citizen participation in agency proceedings; and WHEREAS, the high cost of participation frequently keeps non-profit citizen groups from becoming effectively involved in proceedings affecting health, welfare, safety, and the environment; WHEREAS, in a time of growing
- [Barrier Islands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/barrier-islands/) - Number: 1979-20 WHEREAS, the 300 barrier islands off the United States coasts possess unique and diverse combinations of public values, act as buffers against coastal storms, protect bays and estuaries, provide essential habitat and serve as sources of natural beauty and recreation; and WHEREAS, undeveloped barrier island resources have diminished at an alarming rate;
- [Balance on Regional Fishery Management Councils](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/balance-on-regional-fishery-management-councils/) - Number: 1979-27 WHEREAS, an estimated 21 million anglers in the estuarine and coastal waters of the United States catch about 1.2 billion pounds of edible finfish annually, with a total economic value of over $3.9 billion and a service industry employing over 241,000 people and the activities are growing year by year; and WHEREAS,
- [Atlantic-Pacific Sea Level Canal](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/atlantic-pacific-sea-level-canal/) - Number: 1979-04 WHEREAS, the United States of America and the Republic of Panama have agreed, in Article XII of the Panama Canal Treaty, to study jointly the feasibility of a sea-level canal; and WHEREAS, in the event they determine that such a waterway is necessary, they shall negotiate terms for its construction; and WHEREAS,
- [Alaska Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/alaska-lands/) - Number: 1979-36 WHEREAS, the protection of Alaska lands under provisions of Section 17(d)(2) of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act expired on December 19, 1978; and WHEREAS, the Executive Branch of the Federal Government used existing law to protect certain lands until the Congress can act on designating suitable areas for incorporation into the
- [Acquisition of Wetlands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1979/04/acquisition-of-wetlands/) - Number: 1979-05 WHEREAS, fresh and saltwater wetlands provide unique and critical habitat for both game and non-game species of wildlife and fish, serving especially as breeding locations for many species of migratory waterfowl; and WHEREAS, wetlands and their associated fish and wildlife resources provide and contribute to millions of days of recreation annually and
- [Energy Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/energy-conservation/) - Number: 1980-04 WHEREAS, the United States faces many serious problems due to our continued dependence on unstable sources of foreign oil, and; WHEREAS, the fastest, cheapest and most environmentally benign way to reduce this nation's dependence on foreign oil is through energy conservation and improved efficiency in energy use, and; WHEREAS, the federal government
- [Year of the Coast](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/year-of-the-coast/) - Number: 1980-03 WHEREAS, Americans are caretakers of over 100,000 miles of beaches, bays, estuaries, barrier islands and coastal wetlands that include critical fish and wildlife habitat; and WHEREAS, in recent years these coastal resources have been threatened by thermal, chemical, and municipal pollution, poorly planned development, offshore oil development, dredging, filling erosion and other
- [U.S. - Canada Migratory Bird Treaty](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/u-s-canada-migratory-bird-treaty/) - Number: 1980-44 WHEREAS, government officials of both Canada and the United States have agreed to and signed a protocol amending the U.S.-Canada Convention for the Protection of Migratory Birds; and WHEREAS, the Protocol would authorize the taking of migratory waterfowl and their eggs from March 10 to September 1 by "indigenous inhabitants of the
- [Transfers of Federal Lands to the States](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/transfers-of-federal-lands-to-the-states/) - Number: 1980-34 WHEREAS, legislation introduced in the U.S. Congress would transfer ownership of certain categories of federal lands in the West to the states; and WHEREAS, some states have enacted similar legislation or have it under consideration; and WHEREAS, these lands are highly valuable resources which merit scientific management of a scope and quality
- [Synfuels](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/synfuels/) - Number: 1980-06 WHEREAS, the nation faces serious problems due to its high dependence on insecure foreign sources of oil, and; WHEREAS, there are several options for reducing that dependence in an economic and environmentally responsible manner, including energy conservation, switching to greater dependence on such renewable resources as solar energy and developing the nation's
- [Recycling of Waste Lubricating Oils](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/recycling-of-waste-lubricating-oils/) - Number: 1980-14 WHEREAS, over one billion gallons of waste lubricating oil is generated in the United States from automotive, industrial, aviation, and miscellaneous uses; and WHEREAS, only about 10 percent of this waste oil is re-refined for reuse as a lubricant, which is the most energy-conserving method of utilizing the oil, compared with about
- [Public Participation in EPA Pesticide Hearings](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/public-participation-in-epa-pesticide-hearings/) - Number: 1980-12 WHEREAS, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") has determined that environmental, consumer, and like organizations lack standing to challenge pesticide registration decisions in hearings at EPA; and WHEREAS, this decision contradicts the explicit language of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act ("FIFRA"), and defies the intent of Congress that
- [Protection of Columbia Basin Fishery Resources](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/protection-of-columbia-basin-fishery-resources/) - Number: 1980-48 WHEREAS, the Columbia River chinook salmon and steelhead runs have traditionally been the largest and most valuable segments of the world's largest chinook salmon and steelhead runs; and WHEREAS, these anadromous fish runs in the upriver Columbia River system have declined to the point of near extinction, and the entire Columbia River
- [Protection of Clearwater River System](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/protection-of-clearwater-river-system/) - Number: 1980-35 WHEREAS, the Clearwater River system is an integral part of the Columbia River drainage, providing unique habitat for wildlife and fish, particularly anadromous salmon and steelhead trout; and WHEREAS, proposed highway and bridge modifications to accommodate increased truck traffic to U.S. Highway 12 and at the Port of Lewiston would represent, through
- [Protection for the Loon](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/protection-for-the-loon/) - Number: 1980-39 WHEREAS, population surveys and historical nesting data demonstrate that the range of the Common Loon has declined drastically in the Northeastern States; and WHEREAS, research and management programs carried out in New Hampshire have proven that protection of nest sites and education of the public using the lakes occupied by nesting loons
- [Pollution of the San Pedro River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/pollution-of-the-san-pedro-river/) - Number: 1980-29 WHEREAS, the San Pedro River in Arizona and Mexico is threatened by pollution from the copper smelter at its headwaters at Cananea, Sonora, Mexico; and WHEREAS, this pollution has caused a total fish kill in portions of the river with a kill-off of other aquatic life and probable harm to both wildlife
- [Opposing Range Management by Legislation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/opposing-range-management-by-legislation/) - Number: 1980-33 WHEREAS, certain management practices are essential to prevent long-term detrimental effects on the rangeland ecosystem; and WHEREAS, range management is the husbandry of rangelands and range resources, a distinct discipline founded on ecological principles; and WHEREAS, sound range management, based upon continuing land and resources inventories, if properly practiced, can provide the
- [Off-Road Vehicle Taxing](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/off-road-vehicle-taxing/) - Number: 1980-37 WHEREAS, the use of off-road vehicles (ORV's) for recreation purposes on public and private lands throughout the United States is a recognized national management problem of major significance; and WHEREAS, hunters and fishermen, through their own initiatives, solved many wildlife management problems by self-imposing taxes such as the Pittman-Robertson and Dingell-Johnson programs
- [Ocean Dumping of Contaminated Dredge Spoils](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/ocean-dumping-of-contaminated-dredge-spoils/) - Number: 1980-10 WHEREAS, the ocean dumping of contaminated river and harbor dredgings represents a significant potential hazard to coastal fish and shellfish and to the human food-chain; and WHEREAS, this hazard is increased by the dumping of inadequately characterized dredge spoils at inadequately studied ocean dumpsites; and WHEREAS, the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries
- [Naval Arctic Research Laboratory (NARL)](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/naval-arctic-research-laboratory-narl/) - Number: 1980-19 WHEREAS, the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory (NARL) in Alaska is the only research support facility maintained throughout the year in the Arctic region of the United States; and WHEREAS, the Office of Naval Research has traditionally operated the NARL as a national facility rather than serving naval interests alone; and WHEREAS, NARL
- [Native Plant Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/native-plant-conservation/) - Number: 1980-18 WHEREAS, plant collecting has greatly reduced certain native plant populations such as ginseng, lady slippers, other orchids, Venus fly-trap, various pitcher plants and other carnivorous plants; and WHEREAS, the great majority of these wild dug plants do not survive transplanting; and WHEREAS, effective propagation techniques are being developed for native plants by
- [National Fish and Wildlife Policy](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/national-fish-and-wildlife-policy/) - Number: 1980-47 WHEREAS, fish and wildlife resources are essential components of the environment and their aesthetic, economic, educational, recreational, scientific, and social importance must be maintained and integrated with other national goals; and WHEREAS, fish and wildlife populations are fundamentally dependent upon habitats involving both private, public, and treaty lands of all kinds; and
- [National Beverage Container Legislation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/national-beverage-container-legislation/) - Number: 1980-28 WHEREAS, legislation requiring mandatory deposits on carbonated and non-carbonated soft drink and malt beverage containers has been recognized as a means to significantly reduce litter, conserve non-renewable natural resources, save energy, reduce solid waste and promote a general conservation ethic; and WHEREAS, the legislatures of the states of Oregon, Vermont, South Dakota,
- [MX Missile System](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/mx-missile-system/) - Number: 1980-40 WHEREAS, the MX Missile National Defense System will have severe impacts on a 10-25,000 square mile area of Nevada and Utah; and WHEREAS, the MX will demand large amounts of water, to the detriment of instream uses; and WHEREAS, wildlife, endangered plants, recreational values, mining and ranching operations, archeological sites, proposed wilderness
- [Mono Lake](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/mono-lake/) - Number: 1980-41 WHEREAS, Mono Lake in California is a uniquely important resource as a habitat for wildlife and for its scenic and scientific values; and WHEREAS, the diversion of water from its major tributary is having a significant and negative impact upon the lake and the wildlife dependent upon it; and WHEREAS, an interagency
- [Mitigation Regulations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/mitigation-regulations/) - Number: 1980-13 WHEREAS, water resource developments constructed, authorized, and financed by the Federal Government frequently result in the uncompensated loss of fish and wildlife habitat; and WHEREAS, the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act was intended to prevent unnecessary damage to habitat and to compensate for any necessary loss; and WHEREAS, the Coordination Act has
- [Mitigation for Habitat Losses on Lower Missouri River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/mitigation-for-habitat-losses-on-lower-missouri-river/) - Number: 1980-31 WHEREAS, the Missouri River has historically been regarded as one of the most significant natural resources in these United States; and WHEREAS, efforts to stabilize the river's banks and improve it for navigation have resulted in the direct loss of many thousands of acres of diverse fish and wildlife habitat; and WHEREAS,
- [Marine Mammals](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/marine-mammals/) - Number: 1980-45 WHEREAS, marine mammals are ecologically significant functioning elements of coastal marine systems in Alaska; and WHEREAS, marine mammals are of vital importance to health and welfare of coastal settlements in Alaska; and WHEREAS, marine mammals may significantly interact with commercially important fish species, and in some areas produce serious marine mammal/fisheries conflicts;
- [Marco Island, Florida](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/marco-island-florida/) - Number: 1980-51 WHEREAS, the Deltona Corporation proposes to dredge and fill over 2,400 acres of wetland on Marco Island; and WHEREAS, the state of Florida Division of Environmental regulation has issued an intent to deny statement for this proposed operation based on degradation of water quality and the estuarine environment; and WHEREAS, the Marco
- [Management of Marine Turtles](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/management-of-marine-turtles/) - Number: 1980-20 WHEREAS, the world's populations of marine turtles have been greatly depleted by many factors including: overexploitation for food or commercial purposes, incidental deaths during fishing operations for other species, nest destruction and hatchling mortality due to nonhuman predators, coastal development that can have adverse impacts on nesting and hatchling survival, and possibly
- [Management of Alaska Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/management-of-alaska-lands/) - Number: 1980-32 WHEREAS, the State of Alaska is blessed with spectacular and varied natural resources, including unmatched land and water habitats, wildlife populations, and scenic wonders; and WHEREAS, the U.S. Congress is in the process of designating portions of Alaska's federal lands regarding the future management and use of these resources; and WHEREAS, it
- [Major Conservation Issues, 1980](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/major-conservation-issues-1980/) - Number: 1980-01 Recognizing that consideration for the environment reached a peak in the past decade, the National Wildlife Federation looks ahead to the Eighties with increasing concern. The Nation appears preoccupied with inflation, unemployment, energy shortages, and international crises. This organization fears that protection for natural resources will be given only secondary importance to
- [Lake Okeechobee](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/lake-okeechobee/) - Number: 1980-17 WHEREAS, Lake Okeechobee is an important national water resource; and WHEREAS, Lake Okeechobee is the second largest freshwater lake entirely within the United States, and is an important recreational and commercial fishing resource, water supply, and habitat for the endangered everglade kite; and WHEREAS, Lake Okeechobee is considered to be in an
- [Indian Treaty Rights and Claims](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/indian-treaty-rights-and-claims/) - Number: 1980-25 WHEREAS, questions as to the extent and existence of rights guaranteed under Indian treaties have been litigated for years in both federal and state courts with no permanent solution in the foreseeable future; and WHEREAS, the Indian community, in some instances, has demonstrated inability to properly manage fish and wildlife resources; and
- [Indian Land Claims](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/indian-land-claims/) - Number: 1980-22 WHEREAS, Indian tribes are making numerous claims to lands in both public and private ownership; and WHEREAS, these claims are arising in the States of New York, Maine, Massachusetts, Wisconsin, North Carolina, North Dakota, and Arizona among others; and WHEREAS, the public lands are of enormous value to all Americans for their
- [Impact of Nonconsumptive Uses on the Environment](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/impact-of-nonconsumptive-uses-on-the-environment/) - Number: 1980-38 WHEREAS, various outdoor activities such as birdwatching, hiking, canoeing, picnicking, and camping have been termed nonconsumptive uses of the environment; and WHEREAS, in reality these uses can, and often times do, have a disruptive influence on the flora and fauna of the area where the activity takes place; and WHEREAS, these disruptive
- [I-84](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/i-84/) - Number: 1980-07 WHEREAS, construction of Interstate I-84 between Hartford, Connecticut, and Providence, Rhode Island, will result in the destruction of over 1800 acres of wetlands and fish and wildlife habitat; and WHEREAS, construction of I-84 will result in substantial degradation of water quality in the Scituate Reservoir, the primary source of drinking water for
- [Human Population in the '80s](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/human-population-in-the-80s/) - Number: 1980-49 WHEREAS, world population continues to climb steadily, from a total of over 4.4 billion in mid-1979, at a rate of over 90 million more people each year; and WHEREAS, with about half of the world's population lacking an adequate diet and about 500 million being severely malnourished, the pressure of famine, disease
- [Hazardous Wastes/Superfund Legislation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/hazardous-wastessuperfund-legislation/) - Number: 1980-09 WHEREAS, the failure to assure safe disposal and management of hazardous wastes has created a substantial danger to the public health and safety, and to the natural resources (including fish and wildlife), of the United States; and WHEREAS, the majority of hazardous waste is disposed of in landfills and many of these
- [Forest Service Wilderness Review](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/forest-service-wilderness-review/) - Number: 1980-27 WHEREAS, between 1977 and 1979 the Forest Service conducted a review called RARE II (the second Roadless Area Review and Evaluation) of the remaining roadless acreage in the National Forest System in order to determine which areas to recommend to Congress for wilderness, which areas to plan for non-wilderness and which areas
- [Florida Manatee Wildlife Refuges](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/florida-manatee-wildlife-refuges/) - Number: 1980-52 WHEREAS, the Florida manatee (sea cow) (Trichechus manatus) is listed as an endangered species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973; and WHEREAS, the Florida manatee population continues to decline; and WHEREAS, these declines are caused primarily by activities of man such as recreational and commercial boating; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED
- [Falconry](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/falconry/) - Number: 1980-16 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation consistently encourages and advocates the wise use of our natural resources; and WHEREAS, the taking of game by trained birds of prey (the art of falconry) according to established seasons and bag limits is a legitimate use of our natural resources; and WHEREAS, falconers have made considerable
- [Evacuation Plans](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/evacuation-plans/) - Number: 1980-50 WHEREAS, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission has expressed its concerns about possible needs to evacuate persons from hazard zones in the event of radiation releases from nuclear power plants; and WHEREAS, these concerns have been shared with governmental and utility management authorities at national, state, and local levels; and WHEREAS, the development of
- [Environmental Education](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/environmental-education/) - Number: 1980-23 WHEREAS, the continuing decline in the quality of the environment poses a serious threat to all people; and WHEREAS, this decline is due in part to a general lack of understanding of the environment and of the need to maintain natural ecological relationships; and WHEREAS, the gaining of environmental knowledge by all
- [Energy Mobilization Board](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/energy-mobilization-board/) - Number: 1980-05 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation and other conservation organizations have worked for decades to establish the framework of sound environmental and natural resource laws and regulations which are protecting and improving the quality of our lives, and; WHEREAS, the Federation is convinced that this nation can produce the energy it requires and
- [Earth Day '80](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/earth-day-80/) - Number: 1980-02 WHEREAS, Americans are caretakers of over 100,000 miles of beaches, bays, estuaries, barrier islands and coastal wetlands that include critical fish and wildlife habitat; and WHEREAS, in recent years these coastal resources have been threatened by thermal, chemical, and municipal pollution, poorly planned development, offshore oil development, dredging, filling erosion and other
- [Disposal of Used or Spent Radioactive Materials](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/disposal-of-used-or-spent-radioactive-materials/) - Number: 1980-54 WHEREAS, it has become known to the National Wildlife Federation that the Federal Government is now considering the problem of disposal of "used" or "spent" radioactive materials after their useful life has been expended; and WHEREAS, said "spent" radioactive materials pose serious contamination possibilities for thousands of years; and WHEREAS, water systems,
- [Discarded Pesticide Containers](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/discarded-pesticide-containers/) - Number: 1980-15 WHEREAS, over 1 billion pounds of pesticide are used domestically in the United States each year; and WHEREAS, discarded pesticide containers contain an estimated 4 million pounds of pesticide residue capable of entering the environment; and WHEREAS, at least half of the states do not regulate the disposal of pesticides by individuals;
- [Designations of Arizona Areas](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/designations-of-arizona-areas/) - Number: 1980-30 WHEREAS, the areas available for recreational hunting in Arizona continue to shrink due to increased urbanization, industrial development, highway and airfield construction, and other causes; and WHEREAS, Public Law 95-625 directed the Secretary of the Interior to study the Oak Creek Canyon, Yavapai and Soldiers Wash-Morman Canyon areas to determine the boundaries
- [Currituck Banks](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/currituck-banks/) - Number: 1980-46 WHEREAS, the Currituck Banks of North Carolina and Virginia are one of the largest undeveloped Atlantic coastal barrier systems; and WHEREAS, the Banks support threatened and endangered species such as bald eagle, loggerhead sea turtle, and peregrine falcon as well as nesting habitat for species of special interest such as osprey, least
- [Cost-Sharing for Federal Cost Sharing for Water Resources for Development Project](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/cost-sharing-for-federal-cost-sharing-for-water-resources-for-development-project/) - Number: 1980-21 WHEREAS, federal expenditures for water resources development are currently in excess of $4 billion per year; and WHEREAS, state governments do not adequately share in either the prerogatives or the responsibilities of federal water project planning and development; and WHEREAS, the President of the United States has proposed a comprehensive water policy
- [Consolidation of U.S. Fishery Management Authority](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/consolidation-of-u-s-fishery-management-authority/) - Number: 1980-55 WHEREAS, the U. S. Reorganization Order No. 4 of 1970 divided coastal and marine biological activities between the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) in NOAA, and the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) of the Department of the Interior; and WHEREAS, this artificial attempt to define jurisdictions along geographic lines or other artificial
- [Confidentiality of Data on Toxic Chemicals](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/confidentiality-of-data-on-toxic-chemicals/) - Number: 1980-11 WHEREAS, of 38 premanufacture notifications received by the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) pursuant to the Toxic Substances Control Act (“TSCA”), at the end of 1979, all but 8 claimed all or part of the information provided to EPA as confidential (including 15 companies which claimed their company name as confidential, 14 which
- [California Condors](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/california-condors/) - Number: 1980-43 WHEREAS, the California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus) is classified by the Fish and Wildlife Service as an endangered species; and WHEREAS, all persons interested in the condor agree that the current status of condor population is perilous, with estimates of 20 to 30 adult birds and 4 to 8 juveniles among these numbers;
- [Biscayne Aquifer](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/biscayne-aquifer/) - Number: 1980-53 WHEREAS, the Biscayne Aquifer is a vital water supply for man and wildlife in South Florida; and WHEREAS, the Biscayne Aquifer has been designated a "sole source" of drinking water for over three million people in Southeast Florida under the Safe Drinking Water Act, providing it significant protection from pollution and degradation;
- [Anti-Wildlife Management in Educational Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/anti-wildlife-management-in-educational-programs/) - Number: 1980-24 WHEREAS, in 1978, the National Wildlife Federation re-emphasized its support of scientific wildlife management practices, including regulated hunting, fishing, and trapping in recognition of the fact that these activities are legitimate recreational pursuits; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation continues to consider education of both youths and adults in scientifically accurate and
- [Anadramous Fish Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/anadramous-fish-restoration/) - Number: 1980-36 WHEREAS, salmon and steelhead resources in the upper Columbia River and Snake River tributaries are in a crisis situation; and WHEREAS, state and federal fisheries agencies are facing severe difficulties in maintaining these valuable resources, with Salmon and Steelhead runs continuing to decline; and WHEREAS, protection, restoration and enhancement of anadromous and
- [Air Quality and Transportation Planning](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/air-quality-and-transportation-planning/) - Number: 1980-08 WHEREAS, it is a stated goal of the National Wildlife Federation that national transportation policy should both facilitate mobility and minimize air pollution; and WHEREAS, the Clean Air Act requires that transportation plans and programs conform to implementation plans for the attainment and maintenance of National Ambient Air Quality Standards; and WHEREAS,
- [Acid Rain](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1980/04/acid-rain/) - Number: 1980-26 WHEREAS, 45,000,000 tons of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen are produced east of the Rocky Mountains annually; and WHEREAS, nearly 90 percent of that amount is produced by the United States; and WHEREAS, most of these oxides are a result of burning coal; and WHEREAS, these oxides combine with oxygen and water
- [Wildlife Law Enforcement](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/wildlife-law-enforcement/) - Number: 1981-09 WHEREAS, markets engaged in the export of antlers from certain species of big game have reported significant increases resulting from an expanded interest in the manufacture of aphrodisiacs in foreign countries; and WHEREAS, such markets require so-called "green" or velveted antlers occurring in certain wildlife species at times earlier and other than
- [Wild Horse and Burro Population Control](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/wild-horse-and-burro-population-control/) - Number: 1981-08 WHEREAS, Public law 92-195, The Wild Free Roaming Horse and Burro Act and subsequent amendments has been operative since December, 1971; and WHEREAS, the ability to properly manage populations of free-roaming horses and burros under this Act and its several amendments has been hampered by several shortcomings, namely: failure to provide an
- [Uranimum Mining and Milling](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/uranimum-mining-and-milling/) - Number: 1981-30 WHEREAS, production of energy in any form entails various risks to employees, the general public, and the environment, and while such risks can never be eliminated, they should, where feasible, be minimized; and WHEREAS, control of radioactive and toxic wastes from the mining and milling of uranium has been inadequate, exposing employees,
- [Synthetic Fuel Development](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/synthetic-fuel-development/) - Number: 1981-25 WHEREAS, the Congress of the United States has established a crash program to produce synthetic fuels by creating the U. S. Synthetic Fuels Corporation; and WHEREAS, this program will be the most ambitious single industrial development program in the nation's history, involving the expenditure of more money in a shorter period of
- [Subsistence Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/subsistence-management/) - Number: 1981-37 WHEREAS, President Jimmy Carter signed the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act into law (Public Law 96-487) on December 2, 1980; and; WHEREAS, this legislation contains a new Federal wildlife management program of Title VIII, Subsistence Management and Use; and WHEREAS, Title VIII, Sec. 802(2) states: "Nonwasteful subsistence use of fish and
- [Study for the Lincoln School Dam](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/study-for-the-lincoln-school-dam/) - Number: 1981-40 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has opposed the Dickey-Lincoln project on the upper St. John River in Maine because the project would be economically unsound, environmentally destructive, and socially disruptive; and WHEREAS, the project has met with increasing resistance to the point where even the project's proponents admit that Dickey-Lincoln will not
- [Strip Mining](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/strip-mining/) - Number: 1981-23 WHEREAS, the Congress passed a comprehensive Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act in 1977 which established environmental regulations for strip mines and gave the states the opportunity to assume jurisdiction over their reclamation programs; and WHEREAS, this Act is a carefully designed response to the enormous environmental damage and the destruction of
- [State Waterfowl Stamps](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/state-waterfowl-stamps/) - Number: 1981-41 WHEREAS, migratory birds of North America are besieged with problems: loss of nesting habitat as well as pollution, lead shot poisoning, and shrinking wintering areas; and WHEREAS, these problems weaken and decimate North America's ducks and geese as they migrate up and down the continent; and WHEREAS, these problems are not limited
- [Solvent Refined Coal Plants](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/solvent-refined-coal-plants/) - Number: 1981-24 WHEREAS, the proposed Solvent Refined Coal-II (SRC-II) plant to be built at Morgantown, West Virginia, and the Solvent Refined Coal-I (SRC-I) plant to be built at Newman, Kentucky, have the potential to adversely affect fish, wildlife, air and water quality, and public health, safety and welfare; and WHEREAS, the Department of Energy's
- [Snake River Birds of Prey Conservation Area](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/snake-river-birds-of-prey-conservation-area/) - Number: 1981-13 WHEREAS, the Snake River Birds of Prey Natural Area established in 1971, protects 26,000 acres of breeding habitat for a concentration and a diversity of birds of prey unique in the United States; and WHEREAS, the U. S. Bureau of Land Management through intensive research has identified a total of 515,260 acres
- [Small-Scale Hydroelectric Power Generation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/small-scale-hydroelectric-power-generation/) - Number: 1981-27 WHEREAS, there are more than 5,400 existing dams and other impoundments in the nation which may be suitable for the production of electric power, including more than 4,800 small-scale dams with a generating capacity of 15 megawatts or less; and WHEREAS, the rehabilitation of existing small-scale, low-head dams for power generation, when
- [Scientific Management of North Pacific Fur Seals](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/scientific-management-of-north-pacific-fur-seals/) - Number: 1981-18 WHEREAS, the United States, recognizing the importance of protecting stocks of North Pacific fur seals from being exploited to the point of extinction, is a party to the Interim Convention on the Conservation of North Pacific Fur Seals along with Canada, Japan, and the Soviet Union; and WHEREAS, this Convention prohibits the
- [Sandhills Wetlands Preservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/sandhills-wetlands-preservation/) - Number: 1981-07 WHEREAS, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service has conservation and management responsibilities for migratory wildlife and wetlands resources; and WHEREAS, recent land-use trends in the Nebraska Sandhills are causing concern for that region's wetlands and associated wet meadows; and WHEREAS, the Fish and Wildlife Service has proposed a wetlands preservation program
- [Replenishment of Groundwater Supplies](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/replenishment-of-groundwater-supplies/) - Number: 1981-39 WHEREAS, groundwater supplies represent an important source of water for human use, especially for drinking water and maintenance of wildlife habitat; and WHEREAS, water which has been removed from the ground is seldom returned to the ground, but is usually used once and drained into the nearest body of moving water; and
- [Private Forestry](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/private-forestry/) - Number: 1981-12 WHEREAS, increased demand for fiber and/or timber to meet consumer needs is predicted by the U. S. Forest Service; and WHEREAS, to meet this demand for fiber/timber there will be increased production on private woodlands that currently represent 70 percent of the U. S. commercial forest land; and WHEREAS, private woodland owners
- [Port Development](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/port-development/) - Number: 1981-29 WHEREAS, there is a national interest in maintaining the nation's deepwater ports for economic and efficient import and export; and WHEREAS, there is a perceived demand for deep draft capacity at U. S. ports for increasing coal exports; and WHEREAS, without a national policy on port expansion, it is likely that all
- [Pinelands Comprehensive Management Plan](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/pinelands-comprehensive-management-plan/) - Number: 1981-14 WHEREAS, the Pinelands area of New Jersey comprises pine-oak forests, cedar swamps, and extensive surface and ground water resources of high quality which provide a unique habitat for a wide diversity of rare, threatened and endangered plant and animal species and contains many other significant and unique natural, ecological, agricultural, scenic, cultural
- [Navigable Waters](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/navigable-waters/) - Number: 1981-38 WHEREAS, the Alaska State Constitution states, Article VIII, Section 3, Common Use: "Wherever occurring in their natural state fish, wildlife and waters are reserved to the people for common use"; and WHEREAS, the Alaska State Constitution states, Article VIII, Section 14, Access to Navigable Waters: "Free access to navigable or public waters
- [Mute Swans](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/mute-swans/) - Number: 1981-17 WHEREAS, the mute swan (Cygnus olor) is not a native species of North America and was imported from Eurasia in 1910 as a New York pond ornament; and WHEREAS, the species competes directly with native North American wildlife, particularly waterfowl, for food and nesting sites; and WHEREAS, the mute swan continues to
- [Mount Saint Helens](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/mount-saint-helens/) - Number: 1981-34 WHEREAS, Mt. Saint Helens in Southwestern Washington, in the Gifford Pinchot National Forest, was once a most beautiful volcano cone, but on May 18, 1980, there was a tremendous volcanic eruption which changed the mountain's total appearance; and WHEREAS, there was an unbelievable amount of destruction to forests, wildlife, streams, scenery, recreation,
- [Moratorium on the Takings of Bowhead Whales by Alaska Natives](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/moratorium-on-the-takings-of-bowhead-whales-by-alaska-natives/) - Number: 1981-15 WHEREAS, the bowhead (Balaena mysticetus) is one of the most endangered great whales; and WHEREAS, the data base presently available is insufficient to scientifically manage the species, with uncertainties remaining about the whale's average and maximum life expectancy, spatial and temporal distribution, natural mortality, natality, net recruitment, sex ratios, pregnancy rates, aging
- [Mineral Leasing and Mining on Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/mineral-leasing-and-mining-on-public-lands/) - Number: 1981-10 WHEREAS, the existing energy and minerals shortage has increased pressure for extracting energy and minerals from public lands; and WHEREAS, extraction of energy and mineral resources often results in destruction of wildlife habitat by water pollution, human encroachment, air pollution, disposal of toxic materials, and timber removal; and WHEREAS, some U. S.
- [Mass Transit and New Highway Construction](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/mass-transit-and-new-highway-construction/) - Number: 1981-31 WHEREAS, it is a stated goal of the National Wildlife Federation that national transportation policy should facilitate mobility while minimizing energy consumption and destruction of terrestrial habitat, including agricultural land and open space; and WHEREAS, Federal-Aid Highway Funds continue to be used almost exclusively for construction of additional highways rather than for
- [Major Conservation Issues](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/major-conservation-issues/) - Number: 1981-01 The National Wildlife Federation looks to the future with increasing concern because the Nation is beset with inflation, unemployment, energy shortages, and international crises. This organization fears that wise management for natural resources will be accorded only secondary importance to production and development, and hereby calls for conservationists to remain vigilant, vigorous,
- [Hazardous Waste Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/hazardous-waste-management/) - Number: 1981-11 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has adopted a number of resolutions over the past several decades relating to air, land, and water pollution; hazardous waste dumping; and toxic waste disposal, including chemical and radioactive materials; and WHEREAS, the federal, state, and local governments have passed numerous laws, acts, and ordinances related to
- [Hazardous Waste Facility Siting](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/hazardous-waste-facility-siting/) - Number: 1981-20 WHEREAS, some 57 million tons of hazardous wastes are generated in the United States each year and the quantities are increasing; and WHEREAS, the improper transportation and disposal of these wastes can cause significant damage to the environment, public health, and fish and wildlife habitat and resources; and WHEREAS, it is illegal
- [Fish Traps](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/fish-traps/) - Number: 1981-04 WHEREAS, fish traps are a method gaining in popularity for the harvest of reef fishes in waters bordering on the Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic ocean; and WHEREAS, little biological data exist on the effects of traps on fish populations and limited studies indicate that traps are highly effective but indiscriminate
- [Fish and Wildlife Resources Research Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/fish-and-wildlife-resources-research-act/) - Number: 1981-16 WHEREAS, fish and wildlife resources are of inestimable cultural, ecological, educational, esthetic, recreational, and scientific value to the people of the United States of America; and WHEREAS, increased public awareness and the imperatives of environmental legislation have intensified the demands on federal and state fish and wildlife agencies to assess future consequences
- [Federal Facility Pollution Control](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/federal-facility-pollution-control/) - Number: 1981-21 WHEREAS, numerous military and civilian Federal facilities throughout the United States are significant sources of air, water and hazardous waste pollution, and many of these facilities are out of compliance with Federal and State pollution control requirements; and WHEREAS, many Department of Defense facilities have sought to categorically exempt themselves (for reasons
- [Extraction of Minerals from Waterways](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/extraction-of-minerals-from-waterways/) - Number: 1981-03 WHEREAS, recent increases in the values of minerals commonly found within and/or adjacent to many natural waterways have generated significant interest in various mining activities; and WHEREAS, the extraction of minerals has historically been detrimental to fisheries and wildlife resources, stream aesthetics, and public recreation values as well as to the riparian
- [Culebrita Island](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/culebrita-island/) - Number: 1981-06 WHEREAS, the Island of Culebrita (1) is one of the very few nesting areas of the endangered hawksbill turtle in the entire West Indies, (2) is a nesting area for the endangered loggerhead turtle, and (3) possesses extensive reefs heavily used by endangered turtle species for feeding; and WHEREAS, in accordance with
- [Coastal Oil Refinery Siting](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/coastal-oil-refinery-siting/) - Number: 1981-28 WHEREAS, the estuaries and coastal areas of the nation provide important fish and wildlife habitat; and WHEREAS, in recent years these coastal resources have been threatened by the poorly planned development of numerous oil refineries in highly sensitive areas such as the proposed refineries at Portsmouth, Virginia; Eastport, Maine; Carteret and Brunswick
- [Clean Water Act Reauthorization](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/clean-water-act-reauthorization/) - Number: 1981-22 WHEREAS, the quality of the nation's water is vital to the protection of fish and wildlife habitat, human health and welfare, and the nation's economic well-being; and WHEREAS, an effective nationwide system is necessary for the treatment of sewage and for the pretreatment of industrial contaminants of sewage in order to minimize
- [Clean Air Act Reauthorization](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/clean-air-act-reauthorization/) - Number: 1981-35 WHEREAS, the quality of the Nation's air is vital to the protection of fish and wildlife habitat, human health and welfare, and the Nation's economic well-being; and WHEREAS, there exists strong evidence that air pollution contributes to the three major types of chronic disease that kill millions of people: heart disease, lung
- [Citizen Participation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/citizen-participation/) - Number: 1981-26 WHEREAS, the DLM Coal Corporation recently sued two West Virginia environmental organizations and their coordinator for an article published in their newsletter alleging that acid pollution from strip mines in Upshur County, West Virginia, had destroyed seven miles of brook trout inhabited water in the Buckhannon River; and WHEREAS, THE DLM Coal
- [Chemical Contamination of Food](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/chemical-contamination-of-food/) - Number: 1981-19 WHEREAS, persistent environmental contaminants, such as Kepone, PCBs, DDT, and PBBs, have caused widespread contamination of seafood and other components of the human food chain; and WHEREAS, 18 state governments and the Federal Government have had to take regulatory action in connection with at least 88 food contamination episodes during the 1968-78
- [Canyon Ferry Dam](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/canyon-ferry-dam/) - Number: 1981-33 WHEREAS, the Upper Missouri River in Montana is nationally-recognized for its high quality fishing and recreation; and WHEREAS, several dams have been built on the Upper Missouri River, including Canyon Ferry dam near Helena, which have created reservoirs that are very popular for outdoor recreation; and WHEREAS, these dams which are now
- [California Condor](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/california-condor/) - Number: 1981-36 WHEREAS, the California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus) has declined to a precariously low number, estimated 30 to 40 individuals, and all evidence suggests that the decline is continuing; and WHEREAS, the basic biology of the California condor, useful for effective management, remains largely unknown; and WHEREAS, the recent death of a nestling condor,
- [Antarctica](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/antarctica/) - Number: 1981-02 WHEREAS, the Antarctic Continent is one of the last unspoiled natural environments in the world, offering an area of unparalled importance for baseline and other scientific studies; and WHEREAS, the highly simplified ecosystems of Antarctica are extremely fragile and slow to recover from any disturbance; and WHEREAS, while a huge continent, Antarctica
- [Access to Public Waters](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/access-to-public-waters/) - Number: 1981-05 WHEREAS, lakes and streams in which the public has trust, title, or equity are often closed to the public because of lack of public access; and WHEREAS, lack of public access denies the use of these publicly-owned waters for such desirable recreational activities as fishing, boating, and swimming; and WHEREAS, there is
- [Access to Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1981/04/access-to-public-lands-2/) - Number: 1981-32 WHEREAS, public access to public land for recreational purposes of fishing, hunting, hiking, birding, or other activity is becoming increasingly more difficult; and WHEREAS, public land disposal through sale, exchange, or other means is often accomplished without due consideration of public access needs and/or requirements; and WHEREAS, public access to public lands
- [Peat Mining](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/peat-mining/) - Number: 1982-15 WHEREAS, large-scale mining of peat is becoming more prominent in many parts of the Nation as prices of other fuels increase; and WHEREAS, peat mining operations in some regions alter soil-holding capabilities and concentrate mineral contents of water systems; and WHEREAS, national studies of the effects of peat mining are not yet
- [West Big Hole River and East and West Pioneer Mountains](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/west-big-hole-river-and-east-and-west-pioneer-mountains/) - Number: 1982-20 WHEREAS, the West Big Hole area and the East and West Pioneer Mountains of the Big Hole Watershed offer some of the best wildlife habitat and fishing, hunting and outdoor recreation opportunities anywhere in the U.S.; and WHEREAS, the West Pioneer Mountains with its elk herd of approximately 1,000 animals is one
- [Water Rights for Instream Flow Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/water-rights-for-instream-flow-protection/) - Number: 1982-09 WHEREAS, riparian habitat and their dependent species are critically dependent upon the maintenance of minimum instream flows and stable groundwater levels; and WHEREAS, diadromous and anadromous species require instream flow protection and maintenance for accessibility to and from the oceans and lakes; and WHEREAS, consumptive uses of water often receive favored treatment
- [Upper Mississippi River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/upper-mississippi-river/) - Number: 1982-24 WHEREAS, a "Comprehensive Master Plan for the Management of the Upper Mississippi River System" has recently been completed which shows a distinct bias toward commercial use of the river for barge traffic; and WHEREAS, such "master plan" recommends the construction of a second, 600-foot lock at Alton, Illinois, in addition to the
- [Stronger Management Efforts for Marine Striped Bass Populations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/stronger-management-efforts-for-marine-striped-bass-populations/) - Number: 1982-14 WHEREAS, pressures on this limited resource are strong and increasing due to the high market value of marine striped bass and growth of recreational and commercial fishing industry, despite a decline in population levels; WHEREAS, the major Chesapeake Bay spawning areas have not produced a dominant year class of the species since
- [Restoration of the Kissimmee River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/restoration-of-the-kissimmee-river/) - Number: 1982-16 WHEREAS, the restoration of a meandering river with seasonally-flooded marshes in the lower Kissimmee River Valley will: Conserve both surface and ground fresh water supplies; Improve the quality of the water of the Kissimmee River and in Lake Okeechobee; Greatly increase highly-valued fish and wildlife populations; Convert waste nutrient materials to peat
- [Relative to Mississippi Valley Goose Plan](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/relative-to-mississippi-valley-goose-plan/) - Number: 1982-25 WHEREAS, the States of Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, and Michigan entered a cooperative plan of management for the Mississippi Valley Population of Canada Geese in 1979; and WHEREAS, this plan was also agreed to by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and approved by the Mississippi Flyway Council;
- [Reauthorization of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as Amended](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/reauthorization-of-the-endangered-species-act-of-1973-as-amended/) - Number: 1982-22 WHEREAS, several recent public opinion polls, including one of the National Wildlife Federation's members, demonstrate strong public support for endangered species; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation first demonstrated its support for endangered species more than 26 years ago by selecting the 1956 Wildlife Week theme as "Save Endangered Species"; and WHEREAS,
- [Protection of Wetlands: Section 404 of Clean Water Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/protection-of-wetlands-section-404-of-clean-water-act/) - Number: 1982-06 WHEREAS, this nation's wetlands are valuable resources that provide highly productive habitat for fish and wildlife, support numerous recreational activities, reduce flooding, recharge groundwater, purify surface water, and control erosion; and WHEREAS, approximately 50% of this nation's original wetlands have been destroyed and several hundred thousand acres of wetlands are being lost
- [Proclamation of National Agriculture Week](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/proclamation-of-national-agriculture-week/) - Number: 1982-26 WHEREAS, the agricultural industry is the foundation of our great country, the United States of America; and WHEREAS, the American agricultural industry continues to be the strongest and most productive food and fiber system in the world; and WHEREAS, Agriculture is (1) our nation's #1 industry with a value of 1.1 trillion
- [Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act, Section 4 (h) - (Fish and Wildlife Program)](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/pacific-northwest-electric-power-planning-and-conservation-act-section-4-h-fish-and-wildlife-program/) - Number: 1982-23 WHEREAS, construction and operation of hydroelectric facilities on the Columbia River and its tributaries has imposed severe detrimental impacts upon migratory fish of the Columbia River System; and WHEREAS, construction and operation of hydroelectric facilities on the Columbia River and its tributaries has restricted, impaired or destroyed significant portions of habitat essential
- [Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Exploration and Development](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/outer-continental-shelf-oil-and-gas-exploration-and-development/) - Number: 1982-05 WHEREAS, the demand for energy is creating ever-greater pressure to develop outer continental shelf oil and gas resources; and WHEREAS, the ocean contains immense renewable resources of fish and wildlife which may be impacted by oil and gas exploration and development; and WHEREAS, conflicts between the exploration, development, and production of oil
- [National Agricultural Lands Study](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/national-agricultural-lands-study/) - Number: 1982-17 WHEREAS, U.S. agriculture feeds millions worldwide and is the single most important contributor to the Nation's balance of trade; and WHEREAS, domestic food and fiber demand continues to rise as the U.S. population increases; and WHEREAS, the continued loss of even modest amounts of productive agricultural land could have significant consequences for
- [Major Conservation Issues, 1982](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/major-conservation-issues-1982/) - Number: 1982-01 Concerned that scientific management of natural resources is being relegated to an importance secondary to production and development during a critical time of inflation, unemployment, energy shortages, and international crises, the National Wildlife Federation calls for conservationists throughout the country to remain vigilant, vigorous, and dedicated in united efforts to protect the
- [Integrated Flood Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/integrated-flood-management/) - Number: 1982-08 WHEREAS, a quality environment is essential for leading a full, productive, happy life; and WHEREAS, informed, educated citizens, committed to the wise stewardship of the land and its resources, are key to maintaining environmental quality; and WHEREAS, conservation education in our schools, integrated throughout the curriculum, is the major long-term means for
- [Hydropower Development and Rivers Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/hydropower-development-and-rivers-protection/) - Number: 1982-13 WHEREAS, the nation's free flowing rivers are a resource of great significance for a variety of purposes including fisheries, recreational boating, hydropower and other uses which are frequently in conflict; and WHEREAS, Federal statutes have been enacted or amended in recent years to give hydropower development favorable tax treatment and purchase guarantees,
- [Federal Pesticide Subsidies](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/federal-pesticide-subsidies/) - Number: 1982-12 WHEREAS, the United States government provides millions of dollars each year to subsidize the spraying of pesticides on privately owned land; and WHEREAS, pesticides have many significant adverse environmental effects, including mortality to fish and aquatic organisms on which fish depend for food; and WHEREAS, most pests, including the gypsy moth and
- [Extension of Wetlands Loan Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/extension-of-wetlands-loan-act/) - Number: 1982-03 WHEREAS, in the 1950's, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies jointly determined that 12.5 million acres of waterfowl habitat should be preserved and managed under state and federal ownership in the interest of waterfowl; and WHEREAS, in 1961, the Wetland Loan Act was
- [Energy and Mineral Exploration and Development in Wilderness](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/energy-and-mineral-exploration-and-development-in-wilderness/) - Number: 1982-19 WHEREAS, currently existing wildernesses, wilderness study areas, recommended areas for wilderness, and lands identified for further study by Roadless Area Review II (RARE II) are often considered some of the best remaining wildlife habitat on public lands; and WHEREAS, the energy and mineral industry have increased pressure for exploration and development on
- [Diversion of Water from the Great Lakes Watershed](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/diversion-of-water-from-the-great-lakes-watershed/) - Number: 1982-11 WHEREAS, twenty percent of the earth's fresh water is in those five inland seas known collectively as the Great Lakes; and WHEREAS, approximately thirty percent of the population of the United States and fifty percent of the population of Canada live in the Great Lakes basin; and WHEREAS, a major portion of
- [Coal Slurry Pipelines](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/coal-slurry-pipelines/) - Number: 1982-04 WHEREAS, there are several proposals for coal to be transported by slurry pipeline within the nation; and WHEREAS, such transportation will be a consumptive use of both surface and underground water; and WHEREAS, the waste waters from the slurry will affect the receiving body of water; and WHEREAS, both the use (including
- [Acid Rain Control Legislation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/acid-rain-control-legislation/) - Number: 1982-07 WHEREAS, acid precipitation (acid rain) falls on both land and water causing the acidification of soils, lakes and streams, loss of aquatic life, crop damage, forest die-back, corrosion of building materials, potential health hazards, leeching of toxic metallic ions into surface and groundwaters, and visibility impairment; and WHEREAS, all of the 31
- [Access to Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/access-to-public-lands/) - Number: 1982-02 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is a resolute and tenacious advocate of multiple use of public lands; and WHEREAS, public access is critical to multiple use; and WHEREAS, while some road closures are recognized as being essential to wildlife management, erosion control, flora protection and maintenance of wilderness integrity, some such prohibitions
- [Abating Louisiana Coastal Wetland Loss](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/abating-louisiana-coastal-wetland-loss/) - Number: 1982-10 WHEREAS, the coastal wetlands of the state of Louisiana are a nationally important resource, they support 25 percent of the total U.S. commercial fisheries harvest, they provide wintering habitat for more than two-thirds of the migratory waterfowl in the Mississippi Flyway, and they support a commercial fur harvest worth more than $16
- ["Project Wild"](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1982/04/project-wild-2/) - Number: 1982-21 WHEREAS, the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies and the Western Regional Environmental Education Council, assisted by the American Humane Association, is developing "PROJECT WILD"; and WHEREAS, "PROJECT WILD" is a kindergarten through high school interdisciplinary, supplemental environmental and conservation education program emphasizing wildlife which includes instructional activities for teacher use
- [To Establish the Canaan Valley National Wildlife Refuge](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/to-establish-the-canaan-valley-national-wildlife-refuge/) - Number: 1983-12 WHEREAS, Canaan Valley contains more than 6,000 acres of unimproved wetlands that represent 40 percent of the total wetland acreage in West Virginia; and WHEREAS, Canaan Valley provides habitat for over 590 different plant species, 40 of which are listed by the West Virginia Department of Natural Resources as rare or endangered;
- [The Black Duck](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/the-black-duck/) - Number: 1983-20 WHEREAS, the Black Duck has traditionally been one of the principal waterfowl species taken by hunters in the Atlantic Flyway; and WHEREAS, continental Black Duck populations have gradually declined over the past 20 years; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation, as an organization of conservation-minded sportsmen, supports the goal of returning Black
- [State Water Management Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/state-water-management-programs/) - Number: 1983-06 WHEREAS, management of water resources has traditionally been the province of state government; and WHEREAS, the U.S. Supreme Court recently held in the case of Sporhase v. Nebraska that blanket prohibitions on the export of water out of a state are unconstitutional; and WHEREAS, the Court declared that states may constitutionally restrict
- [Science Education Crisis](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/science-education-crisis/) - Number: 1983-09 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is dedicated to the promotion of natural science education and the scientific management of our natural resources; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science; and WHEREAS, the American Association for the Advancement of Science in its
- [Request for Congress to Review the Impact of the Federal Subsistence Law](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/request-for-congress-to-review-the-impact-of-the-federal-subsistence-law/) - Number: 1983-11 WHEREAS, public concern over the impact of Federal subsistence provisions in the Alaska Lands Act still exists; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has recognized that a subsistence priority hinders sound wildlife management practices; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the National Wildlife Federation, in annual meeting assembled March 17-20, 1983, in
- [Reauthorization of the Federal Pesticide Law](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/reauthorization-of-the-federal-pesticide-law/) - Number: 1983-03 WHEREAS, drastic cutbacks in EPA staff and budget resources continue to hamper adequate EPA review of pesticide registration applications; and WHEREAS, examples have surfaced in recent years of pesticide registrations having been granted on the basis of inadequate or even falsified data; and WHEREAS, full disclosure of pesticide health and safety data
- [Protection of Federal Reserves](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/protection-of-federal-reserves/) - Number: 1983-21 WHEREAS, throughout history U.S. Presidents and the Congress have wisely provided for establishing Federal Research Stations, Experimental Ranges, Experimental Forests, Wildlife Refuges, and other Federal research and natural areas; and WHEREAS, these stations provide long-term animal and vegetation research areas representative of a large number of differing native ecosystems; and WHEREAS, these
- [Project Wild and the Class Project](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/project-wild-and-the-class-project/) - Number: 1983-07 WHEREAS, conservation education, integrated throughout our nation's school curricula, is the principal long-term means for developing citizen awareness and understanding of the importance of a quality environment for all living things; and WHEREAS, teachers at all grade levels are key to making conservation education a meaningful reality in our schools; and WHEREAS,
- [Privatization of Federally Owned Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/privatization-of-federally-owned-lands/) - Number: 1983-22 WHEREAS, the Reagan Administration has announced a plan to sell public lands to private interests with its first target goal to raise $4 billion in revenue in 1984 to help reduce the national debt; and WHEREAS, the President of the United States has announced the appointment of a Real Property Review Board
- [Phosphate Ban in the Great Lakes Basin](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/phosphate-ban-in-the-great-lakes-basin/) - Number: 1983-13 WHEREAS, the ban on phosphates in home laundry detergents expired in the state of Wisconsin in 1982 and was not renewed; and WHEREAS, independent research bodies, including the International Joint Commission, have urged that such bans be adopted by all jurisdictions within the Great Lakes Basin to protect waters of the Great
- [Payment-In-Kind Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/payment-in-kind-program/) - Number: 1983-26 WHEREAS, the Reagan Administration has established the Payment-In-Kind (PIK) program to reduce acreages of certain crops now in surplus for 1983, and WHEREAS, the PIK program may continue for several years, and WHEREAS, the former federal soil bank program, which required permanent vegetative cover plantings, provided significant conservation benefits, such as increased
- [Management of Municipal Sewage Sludge](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/management-of-municipal-sewage-sludge/) - Number: 1983-02 WHEREAS, enormous quantities of sewage sludge are produced in the United States as a by-product of sewage treatment; production levels are increasing dramatically; such sludges are often highly contaminated with industrial chemicals; and the environmentally sound disposition of these sludges is becoming an increasingly difficult problem throughout the nation; and WHEREAS, economic
- [Major Conservation Issues, 1983](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/major-conservation-issues-1983/) - Number: 1983-01 The National Wildlife Federation is increasingly concerned that in a time of high unemployment, inflation and international crises wise management of natural resources is being accorded only secondary importance. The Federation thus calls upon conservationists to remain vigilant, vigorous, and united in efforts to protect the environment. As an association of independent
- [Ludington Pumped Storage Power Plant](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/ludington-pumped-storage-power-plant/) - Number: 1983-15 WHEREAS, the Ludington Pumped Storage Plant on Lake Michigan, operated jointly at Ludington, Michigan by Consumers Power Company and Detroit Edison Company, is the world's largest such plant and kills more fish than any other power plant on the Great Lakes; and WHEREAS, the power plant generates 1,872 megawatts of electrical power
- [Improper Conversion of Grasslands to Cropland](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/improper-conversion-of-grasslands-to-cropland/) - Number: 1983-24 WHEREAS, hundreds of thousands of acres of shortgrass rangelands are being plowed in the Great Plains for conversion to unsuitable cropland; and WHEREAS, much of the rangeland being plowed is not suitable for cultivation (primarily land capability class VI and VII, with none better than class IV); and WHEREAS, this plowout of
- [Expression of Congratulations to the Bombay Natural History Society](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/expression-of-congratulations-to-the-bombay-natural-history-society/) - Number: 1983-23 WHEREAS, the Bombay Natural History Society is one of the most important and influential wildlife and conservation education and research organizations in India and South Asia; and WHEREAS, through its membership publications and education activities, it has helped shape a conservation ethic for the Indian subcontinent; and WHEREAS, it has made many
- [Export of Banned or Unregistered Pesticides](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/export-of-banned-or-unregistered-pesticides/) - Number: 1983-05 WHEREAS, pesticides that have been banned in the U.S. continue to be produced in this country for export to developing countries; and WHEREAS, the governments of the importing countries often have poorly developed institutions to gather and disseminate authoritative information about the hazards posed by pesticides to humans and to fish and
- [Enact a National Wetlands Protection and Management Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/enact-a-national-wetlands-protection-and-management-act/) - Number: 1983-19 WHEREAS, this nation's wetlands provide productive habitat for fish and wildlife, and contain biologically rich ecosystems, support numerous recreational activities, provide commercial fishery and fur resources, reduce flooding, recharge groundwater, trap pollutants and sediments, and control erosion; and WHEREAS, about 50 percent of this nation's original wetlands have been destroyed and about
- [Denounces the Dismantling of the Section 404 Permit Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/denounces-the-dismantling-of-the-section-404-permit-program/) - Number: 1983-18 WHEREAS, Section 404 of the Clean Water Act has been an effective federal program for reducing wetland destruction and mitigating unavoidable wetland losses; and WHEREAS, the program has saved an estimated 300,000 acres of wetlands each year since it was implemented; and WHEREAS, recent administrative revisions to Section 404, including the granting
- [Critical Habitat for the Virgin Islands Tree Boa (Epicrates Monensis Granti)](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/critical-habitat-for-the-virgin-islands-tree-boa-epicrates-monensis-granti/) - Number: 1983-17 WHEREAS, islands and other isolated ecosystems containing unique endemic species, the products of thousands of years of secluded evolution, are extremely vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbance and their biotas have been and continue to be severely decimated by colonization efforts and introduction of exotic species; and WHEREAS, thirty-five vertebrate species have become extinct
- [Conserving Biological Diversity Worldwide](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/conserving-biological-diversity-worldwide/) - Number: 1983-04 WHEREAS, in the United States and in the rest of the world terrestrial ecosystems continue to be modified among other things for agriculture, forestry, mining and water resource development; and WHEREAS, in the United States and the rest of the world, islands, rivers, lakes, marshes, lagoons and wetlands continue to be physically
- [Conservation Education](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/conservation-education/) - Number: 1983-08 WHEREAS, a quality environment is essential for leading a full, productive, happy life; and WHEREAS, informed, educated citizens, committed to the wise stewardship of the land and its resources, are key to maintaining environmental quality; and WHEREAS, conservation education in our schools, integrated throughout the curriculum, is the major long-term means for
- [Columbia Gorge Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/columbia-gorge-protection/) - Number: 1983-16 WHEREAS, the Columbia River Gorge is a unique geological area deserving of protection from unwise development; and WHEREAS, the multitude of city, county, state and federal jurisdictions involved in the current management of the area often cannot agree, and fail to provide any assurance as to how the area will be managed
- [Closures of National Fish Hatcheries That Were Constructed for Mitigation and Other Purposes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/closures-of-national-fish-hatcheries-that-were-constructed-for-mitigation-and-other-purposes/) - Number: 1983-25 WHEREAS, the Attorney General for the State of New Mexico filed suit on March 9, 1983, against Secretary of Interior James Watt concerning the closure and transfer to another agency of the Jones Hole National Fish Hatchery in Utah which was constructed by the Department for mitigation; and WHEREAS, this hatchery was
- [Amendments to the Alaska Lands Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/amendments-to-the-alaska-lands-act/) - Number: 1983-10 WHEREAS, the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) was signed into law in December, 1980; WHEREAS, this bill designated approximately 107 million acres of Federal land as National Conservation Units; WHEREAS, 24 million of those acres were designated as National Parks, and were thus closed to sport hunting; NOW, THEREFORE, BE
- ["Toxic Rain" Polluting Great Lakes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1983/04/toxic-rain-polluting-great-lakes/) - Number: 1983-14 WHEREAS, the Great Lakes are one of the great natural resource wonders of the world, constituting one-fifth of all fresh water on the face of the earth; and WHEREAS, the majority of many chemical pollutants such as PCBs enter the Great Lakes from the atmosphere; and WHEREAS, newly discovered evidence of high
- [Wildlife and Conservation Education on National Wildlife Refuges](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/wildlife-and-conservation-education-on-national-wildlife-refuges/) - Number: 1984-22 WHEREAS, National Wildlife Refuges contain approximately 88,839,000 acres of land and water managed to benefit wildlife as primary resource; and WHEREAS, refuges have been instrumental in wildlife restoration in the United States; and WHEREAS, many refuges are located near human centers and have provided approximately 20 million hours of fish and wildlife
- [Urban Fishing](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/urban-fishing/) - Number: 1984-03 WHEREAS, over half of all Americans live in urban areas where recreational fishing opportunities often are limited; and WHEREAS, national efforts under the Clean Water Act have made many once-polluted urban waters fishable; and WHEREAS, lakes, rivers, bays, oceans and associated shoreline in and near urban areas offer tremendous potential for recreational
- [Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/uncontrolled-hazardous-waste-sites/) - Number: 1984-16 WHEREAS, more than 16,000 inactive and uncontrolled hazardous waste sites have been identified in the U.S. and require evaluation (and this number could grow to 22,000 sites or more), with some 5,000 of these sites ultimately requiring some degree of cleanup; and WHEREAS, present and realistically available governmental resources fall far short
- [UN Decade of Disabled Persons](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/un-decade-of-disabled-persons/) - Number: 1984-25 WHEREAS, the United Nations has officially proclaimed the period 1983-1992 as the Decade of Disabled Persons and has urged all nations and organizations to improve the quality of life for the world's half billion persons with disabilities and to prevent disabling conditions; and WHEREAS, the National Year of the Disabled Persons in
- [The Damage, Cost, and Feasibility of Fruit Fly Eradication in Hawaii](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/the-damage-cost-and-feasibility-of-fruit-fly-eradication-in-hawaii/) - Number: 1984-29 WHEREAS, The U.S. Department of Agriculture's proposal to try to eradicate three species of fruit fly (called the Tri-Fly Complex) from Hawaii represents a major perturbation to Hawaii's native species bees and other beneficial organisms; and WHEREAS, certain components of the proposed eradication project, especially aerial application to native forests of malathion
- [Sale and Exchange of Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/sale-and-exchange-of-public-lands/) - Number: 1984-28 WHEREAS, the Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Forest Service and various other federal agencies have responsibilities affecting millions of acres of federal lands which represent a birthright of the American people and have highly significant public values of watershed protection, wildlife habitat, erosion control, public recreation and scenic and cultural
- [Retention of Santa Fe National Forest Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/retention-of-santa-fe-national-forest-lands/) - Number: 1984-32 WHEREAS, the Santa Cruz Spring tract of 25,000 acres was acquired by the United States in 1848 under the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo following the Mexican War; and WHEREAS, the federal government subsequently purchased the acreage in 1934 and 1935 under emergency relief acts that authorized the Department of Agriculture to buy
- [Retention of Fragile Public Lands Acquired Under Bankhead-Jones Act and Opposition to Government Subsidies...](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/retention-of-fragile-public-lands-acquired-under-bankhead-jones-act-and-opposition-to-government-subsidies/) - Number: 1984-26 RETENTION OF FRAGILE PUBLIC LANDS ACQUIRED UNDER BANKHEAD-JONES ACT AND OPPOSITION TO GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES FOR "SODBUSTING" WHEREAS, one of the great American tragedies of the 20th Century occurred during the 1930's, in which land abuse and improper land stewardship had far reaching social, economic and environmental effects on this Nation; and WHEREAS,
- [Retention of Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/retention-of-connecticut-hill-wildlife-management-area/) - Number: 1984-19 WHEREAS, high quality habitat is critical to the continued maintenance of our fish and wildlife populations; and WHEREAS, the 11,645 acre Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area, located in Schuyler and Tompkins Counties, provides such high quality habitat for wild turkey, white-tailed deer, at least 12 mammalian species, and approximately 159 avian species;
- [Restoration of Chesapeake Bay](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/restoration-of-chesapeake-bay/) - Number: 1984-24 WHEREAS, the Chesapeake Bay is the largest and most productive estuary in the United States, and one of the foremost estuaries in the world, producing finfish and shellfish in quantity and variety, recreation for millions of people, and providing for seagoing commerce, all of which are of great economic value to the
- [Restoration and Protection of Fish Habitat in the St. Marys Rivers](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/restoration-and-protection-of-fish-habitat-in-the-st-marys-rivers/) - Number: 1984-08 WHEREAS, the remaining St. Marys River rapids area below the outflow of Lake Superior provides unique and valuable fisheries habitat within the Great Lakes system in U.S. and Canadian waters; and WHEREAS, land use for hydropower and navigation development has severely diminished the physical area of the rapids, thus reducing fish reproduction,
- [Re-Establishment of Northern Rocky Mountain Wolf Populations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/re-establishment-of-northern-rocky-mountain-wolf-populations/) - Number: 1984-27 WHEREAS, the Northern Rocky Mountain wolf (Canis lupus irremotus) is a symbol of wild, undeveloped country and once was an integral part of the natural ecosystems of the West; and WHEREAS, populations of the Northern Rocky Mountain wolf have been all but eradicated as a result of intensive human settlement, direct conflict
- [Reauthorization of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/reauthorization-of-the-toxic-substances-control-act-tsca/) - Number: 1984-12 WHEREAS, there is ample evidence that the threat to human health and the environment from exposure to man-made toxic chemicals is on the increase; and WHEREAS, Congress enacted the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) in 1976 to address important aspects of this problem; and WHEREAS, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has not
- [Opposition to Sale of "Recreationally " Caught Fish](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/opposition-to-sale-of-recreationally-caught-fish/) - Number: 1984-05 WHEREAS, recreational fishing is conducted for personal satisfaction and enjoyment rather than for financial gain; and WHEREAS, financial incentives can entice recreational fishermen to catch greater numbers of fish than necessary for personal use; and WHEREAS, effective and equitable management of fishery resources requires differentiating true commercial fishermen from recreational fishermen; and
- [Ocean Incineration of Hazardous Wastes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/ocean-incineration-of-hazardous-wastes-2/) - Number: 1984-07 WHEREAS, some 300 million tons of "hazardous wastes" are generated each year in the United States and a large proportion of these wastes are being disposed of in environmentally unsound ways (such as landfills, surface impoundments, underground injection wells, and discharges into sewer systems); and WHEREAS, certain hazardous wastes are best managed
- [Nevada Wetlands and Water Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/nevada-wetlands-and-water-conservation/) - Number: 1984-30 WHEREAS, The U.S. Department of Agriculture's proposal to try to eradicate three species of fruit fly (called the Tri-Fly Complex) from Hawaii represents a major perturbation to Hawaii's native species bees and other beneficial organisms; and WHEREAS, certain components of the proposed eradication project, especially aerial application to native forests of malathion
- [National Birds of Prey Conservation Work](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/national-birds-of-prey-conservation-work/) - Number: 1984-11 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation through its Raptor Information Center is dedicated to the encouragement of the maintenance of raptor (birds of prey) species diversity in North America through the promotion of effective raptor management; and WHEREAS, eagles and other birds of prey are vital ecological components of the wildlife communities and
- [Multi-Lateral Development Banks and Natural Resources Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/multi-lateral-development-banks-and-natural-resources-conservation/) - Number: 1984-17 WHEREAS, the United States is the single most important donor to such international institutions as the World Bank, the Inter‑American Development Bank and the Asian Development Bank (known as multi‑lateral development banks [MDBs]); and WHEREAS, one of the main purposes of these banks is to assist the economic betterment of less developed
- [Major Conservation Issues, 1984](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/major-conservation-issues-1984/) - Number: 1984-01 Concerned that scientific management of natural resources is being relegated to an importance secondary to production and development during a critical time of economic stress, unemployment, increasing energy development, and international crises, the National Wildlife Federation calls for conservationists throughout the country to remain vigilant, vigorous, and dedicated in united efforts to
- [Lead Shot Poisoning in Waterfowl, Bald Eagles, and Other Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/lead-shot-poisoning-in-waterfowl-bald-eagles-and-other-wildlife/) - Number: 1984-04 WHEREAS, lead shot poisoning has been documented in waterfowl for more than a century; and WHEREAS, an estimated two to three million waterfowl die annually from lead shot poisoning; and WHEREAS, lead shot poisoning has been documented in a number of other wildlife species including loons, rails, godwits, California gulls, coots, gallinules,
- [Hydropower Expansion at Federal Dams](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/hydropower-expansion-at-federal-dams/) - Number: 1984-02 WHEREAS, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Bureau of Reclamation have proposed to modify hydropower facilities at several existing large dams including Lewis and Clark Lake, Nebraska and South Dakota; Libby Dam, Montana; Hoover Dam, Nevada; Fort Gibson Lake, Oklahoma; McNary Lock and Dam, Oregon and Washington; Palisades, Idaho; and
- [Hybridization and Sale of Captive-Bred Raptors](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/hybridization-and-sale-of-captive-bred-raptors/) - Number: 1984-23 WHEREAS, raptors are a highly important segment of the wildlife resource of the United States and provide a rich heritage which should be protected and perpetuated for the enjoyment and use by citizens of our country; and WHEREAS, recent changes in federal regulations provide a broad framework relating to hybridization and sale
- [Groundwater Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/groundwater-protection-2/) - Number: 1984-14 WHEREAS, groundwater is one of our most valuable natural resources, supplying almost half of the Nation's drinking water and 40% of its irrigation water; and WHEREAS, the waters of many streams, rivers and other valuable habitats, such as the New Jersey Pine Barrens, are fed by groundwater aquifers; and WHEREAS, the groundwaters
- [Funding for Recreational Boating Locks and Dams](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/funding-for-recreational-boating-locks-and-dams/) - Number: 1984-06 WHEREAS, the U.S. Corps of Engineers has been forced to close recreational boating locks throughout the United States by lack of funding from the Reagan Administration; and WHEREAS, the recreational boating locks are enjoyed by thousands of people each year; and WHEREAS, many of these recreational boating lock systems are of great
- [Federal Farm Program: Provisions to Benefit Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/federal-farm-program-provisions-to-benefit-wildlife/) - Number: 1984-21 WHEREAS, the quality of wildlife habitat in areas devoted to intensive agriculture has been seriously depleted by land use decisions favoring food and fiber production; and WHEREAS, such land use is accelerating soil erosion, reducing natural soil fertility, complicating efforts to improve the quality of public waters, depressing fish and wildlife populations;
- [Exotic Species](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/exotic-species/) - Number: 1984-15 WHEREAS, exotic species of fish and wildlife are those species of domestic or foreign origin imported to locations outside their historic range; and WHEREAS, exotic species have the potential to enhance economic and recreational activities and species diversity; and WHEREAS, introduction of exotic species through planned release or escape in some instances
- [Controlling Nonpoint Pollution](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/controlling-nonpoint-pollution/) - Number: 1984-09 WHEREAS, over half the pollution entering the nation's waterways comes from diffuse, nonpoint sources such as runoff from farms, city streets, construction sites and logging operations; and WHEREAS, nonpoint sources of water pollution are contaminating drinking water supplies, accelerating the sedimentation of lakes, reservoirs, and harbors and destroying fish and wildlife habitat;
- [Contracting Natural Resources Management by the Federal Government](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/contracting-natural-resources-management-by-the-federal-government/) - Number: 1984-10 WHEREAS, the Office of Management and Budget has implemented procedures designed to greatly increase the role of the private sector in the performance of government functions through low bid service contracting; and WHEREAS, natural resources management on public lands has been identified as a contractable item by certain government agencies, particularly within
- [Cancerous Tumors in Fish](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/cancerous-tumors-in-fish/) - Number: 1984-13 WHEREAS, it has recently been discovered that six species of fish from five locations in the United States (i.e., 1 each in Michigan, Ohio, and Washington; 2 in New York) have an exceedingly high incidence of cancerous tumors, and that the types of cancers observed are inducible by man-made chemicals; and WHEREAS,
- [Atlantic Salmon Crisis](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/atlantic-salmon-crisis/) - Number: 1984-18 WHEREAS, the abundance of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) has declined throughout most of the species' range, including that of stocks of North American origin that range throughout waters of the western North Atlantic; and WHEREAS, extensive and ongoing efforts to restore spawning runs of Atlantic salmon to New England's rivers may be
- [A Resolution to Control Logging and Roads Within the National Forest System](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/a-resolution-to-control-logging-and-roads-within-the-national-forest-system/) - Number: 1984-31 WHEREAS, the National Forests are required by law to be managed for multiple use and sustained yield of many resources including watershed, wildlife, fish, recreation, minerals, timber and range; and WHEREAS, logging and roading are, through current Administrative policy, becoming the dominant use of the National Forest System; and WHEREAS, roading is
- [1993 Chicago World's Fair Lake Michigan Landfill](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1984/04/1993-chicago-worlds-fair-lake-michigan-landfill/) - Number: 1984-20 WHEREAS, public access to public land in major metropolitan areas for recreational purposes of fishing, boating, hiking, bird watching, or other outdoor activity is becoming increasingly more difficult; and WHEREAS, the proposed site for the 1992 World's Fair in Chicago requires filling 180 acres of Lake Michigan resulting in the significant loss
- [Siting of Nuclear Waste Repositories](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/siting-of-nuclear-waste-repositories/) - Number: 1985-19 WHEREAS, the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (NWPA), enacted January 7, 1983, confirmed the responsibility of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for management of high level radioactive waste and directed DOE to provide safe facilities for isolation of high level radioactive waste from the environment in Federally owned and Federally
- [West Branch of the Penobscot River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/west-branch-of-the-penobscot-river/) - Number: 1985-15 WHEREAS, Great Northern Paper Company has filed an application with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission regarding the construction of a dam on the West Branch of the Penobscot River, Penobscot County, Maine, for the generation of hydroelectric power, the project being known as the "Big A" Hydroelectric Project; and WHEREAS, the West
- [Unlawful Enclosure of Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/unlawful-enclosure-of-public-lands/) - Number: 1985-13 WHEREAS, public land in the United States is often unavailable to the public because of restricted access or fenced enclosures; and WHEREAS, large areas of public land in the western United States are in a "checkerboard" pattern of land ownership (alternating areas of public and private ownership) which allows vast tracts of public
- [Rural Electric Power Plant Subsidies](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/rural-electric-power-plant-subsidies/) - Number: 1985-03 WHEREAS, the Rural Electrification Act has brought the benefits of affordable electric power to the millions of rural families in need of such services; and WHEREAS, the activities of many rural electric cooperatives now extend far beyond the distribution of electric power in rural areas, and include major investment in coal, nuclear,
- [Restriction on the Use of Gillnets](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/restriction-on-the-use-of-gillnets/) - Number: 1985-06 WHEREAS, increasing use of gillnets by individuals not identified or licensed as commercial fishermen, yet who sell their catch, has resulted in fishery management problems such as decreased ability for managers to accurately monitor catch, allocate available fish among user groups, prevent overharvest, and enforce fishing regulations, and, in addition, sale of
- [Research on Impacts of Dredged Material Disposal](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/research-on-impacts-of-dredged-material-disposal/) - Number: 1985-17 WHEREAS, the open water disposal of dredged material -- and particularly contaminated dredged material -- can be detrimental to the aquatic environment and in some cases even threaten the health of humans; and WHEREAS, the deposition of even "clean" sand, silt, or clay in deep underwater holes or depressions can, in some
- [Project Wild](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/project-wild/) - Number: 1985-21 WHEREAS, conservation of our natural resources and the protection of environmental quality are major public concerns; and WHEREAS, an informed citizenry which has the skills, knowledge, and commitment to make wise personal and social decisions concerning utilization of natural resources and environmental quality protection is essential to meeting these concerns; and WHEREAS, the
- [Pretreatment Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/pretreatment-program/) - Number: 1985-20 WHEREAS, the discharge of toxic water pollutants into our nation's waterways threatens the quality of those waters and the health of wildlife and humans that drink contaminated water or consume contaminated aquatic organisms; and WHEREAS, more than half the industrial dischargers of toxic water pollutants with an average daily volume of approximately
- [Major Conservation Issues, 1985](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/major-conservation-issues-1985/) - Number: 1985-01 Concerned that scientific management of natural resources is being relegated to an importance secondary to that of production and development during a critical time of economic stress, unemployment, increasing energy development, and international crises, the National Wildlife Federation calls for conservationists throughout the country to remain vigilant, vigorous, and dedicated in united
- [Land Exchanges Between the Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Forest Service](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/land-exchanges-between-the-bureau-of-land-management-and-the-u-s-forest-service/) - Number: 1985-25 WHEREAS, the Administration through the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Director of the Bureau of Land Management and the Chief of the Forest Service has initiated a program to implement exchanges of responsibility for massive acreages of land between the Bureau of Land Management and the Forest Service;
- [Inclusion of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, Northern Mariana and the U.S. Virgin Islands in the Hunter Safety Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/inclusion-of-puerto-rico-guam-american-samoa-northern-mariana-and-the-u-s-virgin-islands-in-the-hunter-safety-program/) - Number: 1985-04 WHEREAS, the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act (Act) of 1937 (16 U.S.C. §§669-669i) was amended in 1970 by Public Law 91-503 and again in 1972 by Public Law 92-558 to provide grant-in-aid funds to the States for Hunter Education and Safety programs; and WHEREAS, Hunter Education and Safety programs are developed
- [Impact of Closing Land between the Lakes (LBL)](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/impact-of-closing-land-between-the-lakes-lbl/) - Number: 1985-26 WHEREAS, Land Between the Lakes (LBL) is the second largest contiguous Federal ownership (the Great Smoky Mountains National Park is number one) east of the Mississippi River where public lands are at a premium. TVA is managing and developing LBL as a national demonstration in outdoor recreation, environmental education, and resource management;
- [Impact Mitigation for "Peacekeeper" MX Missile System](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/impact-mitigation-for-peacekeeper-mx-missile-system/) - Number: 1985-10 WHEREAS, the installation in Wyoming, Nebraska and Colorado of the Peacekeeper missile system is of significant potential consequence to wildlife, water supplies, and natural resources, access to public lands, rangelands and farmlands, the agricultural economy, and the traditional economic and recreational pursuits of the residents of the area; and WHEREAS, the National
- [Hazardous Chemicals](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/hazardous-chemicals/) - Number: 1985-18 WHEREAS, the tragic leak of poison gas in Bhopal, India, on December 3, 1984, killed over 2,500 people and injured tens of thousands more and has had an as-yet-undetermined effect on wildlife in the region; and WHEREAS, this incident was apparently exacerbated by the nature of the chemical involved, lack of state-of-the-art
- [Habitat Amendments to the Fishery Conservation and Management Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/habitat-amendments-to-the-fishery-conservation-and-management-act/) - Number: 1985-07 WHEREAS, the protection and enhancement of habitat is essential to sustain productivity of marine and anadromous fishery resources; and WHEREAS, the Fishery Conservation and Management Act (FCMA) does not provide Federal fishery management councils responsibility for addressing habitat considerations in fishery management plans; and WHEREAS, provisions of federally-adopted fishery management plans normally
- [Grand Teton National Park Elk Hunt](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/grand-teton-national-park-elk-hunt/) - Number: 1985-11 WHEREAS, modern wildlife management methods include hunting as a necessary and many times vital tool in proper wildlife management; and WHEREAS, the United States Congress in 1950, after a thorough series of public and Congressional hearings over a period of years, passed the act of September 19, 1950, Section 6 (64 Stat.
- [Funding of Independent Research on Agricultural Chemicals](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/funding-of-independent-research-on-agricultural-chemicals/) - Number: 1985-16 WHEREAS, the maintenance of high levels of crop production and a healthy agricultural community are important to the continued well-being of the nation and the world; and WHEREAS, increased reliance on agricultural chemicals is expected to continue; and WHEREAS, the long-term impacts of these chemicals upon the land and water and their
- [Enact Major Changes in Section 404 of the Clean Water Act to Provide Effective Protection for Wetlands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/enact-major-changes-in-section-404-of-the-clean-water-act-to-provide-effective-protection-for-wetlands/) - Number: 1985-05 WHEREAS, the survival of numerous species of wildlife, fish, and shellfish depends on healthy, productive wetland ecosystems; and WHEREAS, wetlands improve water quality by filtering surface runoff before it reaches other water bodies, perform millions of dollars' worth of waste treatment, reduce effects of floods and storms, and recharge groundwater in aquifers
- [Containment of the Growing Wildlife Damage Payment Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/containment-of-the-growing-wildlife-damage-payment-program/) - Number: 1985-14 WHEREAS, some State wildlife management agencies have been assigned, by legislative dictate, the liability for payment of damage done to private property by wild animals (such as damage done to harvested crops, growing crops, livestock forage, orchards, nurseries, fences, loss of livestock, etc.); and WHEREAS, the current trend is to increase by
- [Consolidation of Public Land Holdings](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/consolidation-of-public-land-holdings/) - Number: 1985-02 WHEREAS, Federal and state owned lands have been acquired and managed in accordance with a variety of public laws and policies which have ranged from Government retention and development to giveaway programs to encourage private development; and WHEREAS, these laws and policies have resulted in some public lands being scattered holdings or
- [Cheyenne Bottoms Wildlife Area](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/cheyenne-bottoms-wildlife-area/) - Number: 1985-08 WHEREAS, Cheyenne Bottoms has been a major wetland and waterfowl area; and WHEREAS, the Bottoms provides invaluable wetland habitat in Kansas and is critical for maintaining waterfowl populations in the Central Flyway; and WHEREAS, two-thirds of all Kansas bird species have been sighted at Cheyenne Bottoms; and WHEREAS, the Bottoms is classified
- [Bureau of Land Management Land Use Planning](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/bureau-of-land-management-land-use-planning/) - Number: 1985-12 WHEREAS, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is responsible for the management of over 270 million acres of wildlife habitat, which is more than any other single Federal or state government agency; and WHEREAS, these lands contain an abundance of big game and non-game animal species, including deer, antelope, elk, moose, bighorn
- [Bureau of Land Management and Forest Service Advisory Councils](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/bureau-of-land-management-and-forest-service-advisory-councils/) - Number: 1985-09 WHEREAS, the Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA) authorizes the expiration of Grazing Advisory Boards at the end of 1985; and WHEREAS, Grazing Advisory Boards advise the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the U.S. Forest Service on the use of range betterment funds and the development of Allotment Management Plans;
- [Aquatic Resources Trust Fund (Dingell-Johnson Funds Including the Wallop-Breaux Amendment)](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/aquatic-resources-trust-fund-dingell-johnson-funds-including-the-wallop-breaux-amendment/) - Number: 1985-24 WHEREAS, sport fishing is an outdoor recreation activity enjoyed by more than 54 million Americans; and WHEREAS, these millions of Americans have voluntarily initiated and enthusiastically encouraged and supported the concept of specialized taxation on sport fishing equipment and certain associated items to provide a direct fund for better management of the
- [Administration Efforts to Reduce Soil Conservation Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/administration-efforts-to-reduce-soil-conservation-programs/) - Number: 1985-23 WHEREAS, the national soil loss from erosion is estimated at 6.4 billion tons per year, occurring from many sources such as farm lands, stream banks, construction sites, forest and range lands, reducing the productivity of these lands for all uses, including wildlife; and WHEREAS, sedimentation from soil erosion fills and despoils our
- [Acid Rain: A U.S. and Canadian Opportunity for Progress](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1985/04/acid-rain-a-u-s-and-canadian-opportunity-for-progress/) - Number: 1985-22 WHEREAS, the need for a U.S./Canadian agreement on the issue of acid rain control has been expressed in U.S. reauthorization legislation (the Foreign Relations and the Department of State Authorization Acts, respectively) in 1978 and in 1983, and in a Memorandum of Intent between Canada and the U.S. signed August 5, 1980,
- [Yazoo Backwater Pumping Plant](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/yazoo-backwater-pumping-plant/) - Number: 1986-16 WHEREAS, the loss of wetlands and bottomland hardwoods has become a national concern; and WHEREAS, the lower Mississippi Valley has sustained significant losses of these resources; and WHEREAS, the Yazoo Delta comprises approximately 4.5 million acres of alluvial floodplain lands that originally were totally covered with magnificent wetlands and high-quality bottomland hardwood
- [Wildlife Habitat and Ski Area Development](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/wildlife-habitat-and-ski-area-development/) - Number: 1986-10 WHEREAS, ski area development has become an increasing problem to conservation of wildlife habitat and other environmental qualities in the Rocky Mountain West and other parts of the country, with accompanying, subsequent threat to wildlife and to the enjoyment of hunting, fishing, and animal watching public; and WHEREAS, the tourism industries of
- [Third World Debt and Natural Resources Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/third-world-debt-and-natural-resources-conservation/) - Number: 1986-07 WHEREAS, over 50 Third World nations owe debts of unprecedented size to banks, governments and private parties in industrialized countries; and WHEREAS, the size of external debt of seven of these countries is such that failure or refusal to pay interest due could threaten stability of the international financial system; and WHEREAS,
- [Soil - Recycling Decomposable Waste](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/11/soil-recycling-decomposable-waste/) - Number: 1986-04 WHEREAS, the theme "soil, we cannot live without it" accurately describes the role of soil in maintaining the highest quality of life for mankind and wildlife; and WHEREAS, agriculture is suffering tremendous economic trauma and needs assistance; and WHEREAS, decomposable wastes from villages, towns, cities and metropolitan areas are most often disposed
- [Riparian Habitat Protection and Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/riparian-habitat-protection-and-restoration/) - Number: 1986-17 WHEREAS, riparian communities are those natural associations of soil, flora and fauna existing within the 100-year floodplain of a river or lake and dependent for their survival upon high water tables and/or periodic flooding; and WHEREAS, riparian forests and wetlands are extremely productive, have diverse habitat values for fish and wildlife, and
- [Requiring the Use of Trawling Efficiency Devices (TED)](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/requiring-the-use-of-trawling-efficiency-devices-ted/) - Number: 1986-02 WHEREAS, about 45,000 sea turtles are caught each year by the South Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico shrimp trawl fishery; and WHEREAS, about 12,600 of these turtles drown, including the threatened loggerhead and green sea turtle and the critically endangered Kemp's ridley sea turtle; and WHEREAS, the Kemp's ridley sea turtle has
- [Removal of Shipwreck from Mona Reef](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/removal-of-shipwreck-from-mona-reef/) - Number: 1986-09 WHEREAS, Mona Island, off the east coast of Puerto Rico, is a complex of tropical terrestrial and marine ecosystems unique under the U.S. flag; and WHEREAS, particularly valuable on Mona are the fringing reefs and the beaches, which provide the largest known nesting area for endangered hawksbill turtles in the entire Caribbean;
- [Release of Genetically Engineered Organisms into the Environment](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/release-of-genetically-engineered-organisms-into-the-environment/) - Number: 1986-23 WHEREAS, there are important health, economic and environmental benefits to be derived from the use of genetically-engineered organisms; and WHEREAS, these benefits include the use of genetically-engineered organisms in agriculture, health, mineral development, waste treatment and other fields; and WHEREAS, the use of genetically-engineered organisms may result in food crop enhancement, decreased
- [Reintroduction of Native Flora and Fauna to National Park Service Land of the U.S. Virgin Islands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/reintroduction-of-native-flora-and-fauna-to-national-park-service-land-of-the-u-s-virgin-islands/) - Number: 1986-06 WHEREAS, the Virgin Islands National Park was created by Congress "to conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wildlife therein..." in order to leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations; and WHEREAS, there are over 20 species of terrestrial reptiles, amphibians and birds either endemic or
- [Reexamining America's Outdoor Recreation Needs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/reexamining-americas-outdoor-recreation-needs/) - Number: 1986-24 WHEREAS, more than twenty years ago a Presidential Commission, the Outdoor Recreation Review Commission, conducted a comprehensive study of the nation's outdoor recreation resources and needs; and WHEREAS, as an outgrowth of that Commission a Land and Water Conservation Fund was established to purchase recreational lands, including city, county, regional and state
- [Rails-To-Trails](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/rails-to-trails/) - Number: 1986-05 WHEREAS, abandoned railroad rights-of-way provide significant benefits to sportsmen, including conservation of wildlife habitat and access to hunting and fishing locations; and WHEREAS, such railroad rights-of-way represent a significant percentage of the remaining natural habitat outside of government preserves; and WHEREAS, railroad rights-of-way also provide recreational opportunities for jogging, hiking, hunting, bicycling,
- [Public Land Grazing Fees](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/public-land-grazing-fees/) - Number: 1986-11 WHEREAS, the grazing fees charged for the privilege of grazing domestic livestock on lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the United States Forest Service have been set since 1978 by statutory formula established in the Public Rangelands Improvement Act (PRIA); and WHEREAS, that formula expired at the end
- [Protection of the Hells Canyon National Recreation Area](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/protection-of-the-hells-canyon-national-recreation-area/) - Number: 1986-20 WHEREAS, the Hells Canyon area has long been recognized for its unparalleled fish and wildlife habitat and resources, recreational opportunities and scenic wonders; and WHEREAS, in 1975 the Congress of the United States recognized those values by establishing the Hells Canyon National Recreation Area (HCNRA) in order to protect and maintain fish
- [Protecting Coastal Barrier Resources on All Coasts](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/protecting-coastal-barrier-resources-on-all-coasts/) - Number: 1986-19 WHEREAS, winds, waves and storms affect all United States shorelines; and WHEREAS, coastal barrier landforms exist on all U.S. shorelines protecting important landward aquatic habitats and the mainland from the impacts of major storms; and WHEREAS, the unconsolidated sediments of coastal barriers are unstable; and WHEREAS, coastal barriers contain high fish and
- [Ocean Incineration of Hazardous Wastes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/ocean-incineration-of-hazardous-wastes/) - Number: 1986-22 WHEREAS, the nation has a pressing need to dispose of hundreds of millions of tons of hazardous wastes each year; and WHEREAS, given the limits of current technology, incineration may be the most efficient manner of disposing of certain hazardous wastes; and WHEREAS, incineration at sea has already been tested in the
- [New Wildlife Refuges in Puerto Rico](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/new-wildlife-refuges-in-puerto-rico/) - Number: 1986-08 WHEREAS, Cartagena and Tortuguero Lagoons include the best habitat for migratory waterfowl and the richest diversity of flora in Puerto Rico; and WHEREAS, the quality of the habitat of both areas is deteriorating and will continue to do so due to a lack of protection and management; and WHEREAS, after years of
- [Nebraska Wildlife Reserves](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/nebraska-wildlife-reserves/) - Number: 1986-03 WHEREAS, the agricultural economy of Nebraska is in disarray and depression, with rapidly declining farm land values, farm bankruptcies and a declining business structure in rural areas; and WHEREAS, Nebraska has millions of acres of unique geological features which could be protected as large reserves; and WHEREAS, one of the world's largest
- [Major Conservation Issues, 1986](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/major-conservation-issues-1986/) - Number: 1986-01 Concerned that scientific management of natural resources is being relegated to an importance secondary to that of production and development, the National Wildlife Federation calls for conservationists throughout the country to remain vigilant, vigorous, and dedicated in united efforts to protect the environment. An association of independent state organizations and their affiliated
- [Irrigation Wastewater Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/irrigation-wastewater-management/) - Number: 1986-18 WHEREAS, irrigation of agricultural land clearly is important to the production of world food supply and to the economy of the nation; and WHEREAS, several irrigated areas have acute drainage and salt management problems and other potential drainage problem areas are likely to exist; and WHEREAS, chemicals and toxic trace elements, including
- [Helicopters and Other Aircraft Intrusion Into Parks and Wilderness Areas](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/helicopters-and-other-aircraft-intrusion-into-parks-and-wilderness-areas/) - Number: 1986-26 WHEREAS, parks and wilderness are valued at least in part for solitude and serenity; and WHEREAS, the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 requires fixed-wing aircraft to maintain certain minimum altitudes, but exempts helicopters; and WHEREAS, sightseeing by helicopter is a relatively new industry that has experienced rapid growth; and WHEREAS, the noise
- [Firearm Owners Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/firearm-owners-protection/) - Number: 1986-12 WHEREAS, The Gun Control Act of 1968 was enacted in a period of national concern with the expectation of its reducing crime in the nation; and WHEREAS, in the 17 ensuing years, the Act has not only proved to be an unfortunate failure in that respect, but it has permitted abuse and
- [Expansion of Landowner Recognition Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/expansion-of-landowner-recognition-programs/) - Number: 1986-13 WHEREAS, the Landowner Recognition program as developed in Colorado in 1982 through action of the Colorado Wildlife Commission, Division of Wildlife and other agencies, the Colorado Wildlife Federation, organizations and agencies in that state, has provided an action program which is providing multiple benefits in the form of habitat improvement for wildlife,
- [Ecosystem Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/ecosystem-management/) - Number: 1986-21 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation places high priority on the necessity of conserving, protecting and enhancing wildlife habitat; and WHEREAS, NWF recognizes the importance of protecting the integrity of the ecosystems of which all living communities are a part; and WHEREAS, the geographic and political boundaries of most of our National Parks,
- [Dredging and Disposal of Contaminated Sediments](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/dredging-and-disposal-of-contaminated-sediments/) - Number: 1986-14 WHEREAS, the dredging and disposal of sediments contaminated with toxic substances can adversely affect water quality, aquatic environments, and human use of aquatic environments; and WHEREAS, regular dredging of contaminated sediments from harbors and river mouths is routinely approved by the U.S. Congress, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and other federal
- [Cooperative Extension Funding](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/cooperative-extension-funding/) - Number: 1986-25 WHEREAS, the nation's welfare is influenced by the amount of high-quality renewable natural resources it can sustain for economic, social and environmental benefits; and WHEREAS, approximately two-thirds of the nation's forest, range and farm lands are in private ownership and represent the greatest opportunity to meet the increasing demand for timber, water,
- [Controlling Multiple Sources and Exposures to Toxic Substances](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/controlling-multiple-sources-and-exposures-to-toxic-substances/) - Number: 1986-15 WHEREAS, the Great Lakes and many other ecosystems are contaminated with many different toxic substances from a wide variety of sources including wastewater discharges, agricultural and urban runoff, groundwater, the atmosphere, and contaminated sediments; and WHEREAS, combinations of toxic substances contaminating the environment may act in additive, synergistic, antagonistic or other ways
- [Alaska Nesting Goose](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1986/04/alaska-nesting-goose/) - Number: 1986-27 WHEREAS, four species of geese that nest in coastal habitats of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta of western Alaska, the cackling Canada goose, Pacific white-fronted goose, brant, and emperor goose, have experienced serious population declines; and WHEREAS, further declines in population could threaten the survival of these four species of geese and thereby reduce
- [Upper Mississippi River Hydroelectric Development](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/upper-mississippi-river-hydroelectric-development/) - Number: 1987-22 WHEREAS, there are pending presently before the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) numerous license applications to develop hydroelectric facilities on many of the existing dams located on the Upper Mississippi River; and WHEREAS, there have been efforts to secure FERC approval of these applications without prior environmental impact studies; and WHEREAS, there
- [Uniform Fish Consumption Advisories](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/uniform-fish-consumption-advisories/) - Number: 1987-20 WHEREAS, in several areas of the United States, sport fish are contaminated with toxic substances which may make them unfit for unlimited human consumption; and WHEREAS, public health and natural resources agencies in these areas often issue sport fish consumption advisories to provide anglers with information about the health risks of eating
- [Transboundary Souris River Basin](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/transboundary-souris-river-basin/) - Number: 1987-15 WHEREAS, the Souris River is an important transboundary natural resource, rising in Saskatchewan, flowing for 358 miles in North Dakota, and then turning northward into Manitoba; and WHEREAS, the Saskatchewan Power Corporation plans to build Alameda Dam on Moose Mountain Creek and Rafferty Dam on the Souris River to provide cooling water
- [The Need for Comprehensive Groundwater Legislation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/the-need-for-comprehensive-groundwater-legislation/) - Number: 1987-18 WHEREAS, groundwater is a valuable natural resources that supplies approximately half of the drinking water in the United States and a large percentage of the nation's water used for other domestic, agricultural, and industrial uses; and WHEREAS, groundwater supplies nearly one-third of the flow in the nation's streams, and much of the
- [The Future of Our National Forests](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/the-future-of-our-national-forests/) - Number: 1987-05 WHEREAS, our National Forests are an enduring heritage for all Americans; and WHEREAS, the 191 million acres of our National Forest System provide important and critical habitats for our nation's big game species, fish, dozens of threatened and endangered plants and animals, numerous non-game avian and terrestrial wildlife species, and a wealth
- [Sea Turtles](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/sea-turtles/) - Number: 1987-11 WHEREAS, sea turtles in the Caribbean Sea are on the United States' list of threatened and endangered species; and WHEREAS, National Wildlife Federation policy supports strong efforts to protect, enhance and recover populations of endangered species, nationally and internationally; and WHEREAS, there has been established the Wider Caribbean Sea Turtle Recovery Team
- [Reform of On-Shore Oil and Gas Leasing](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/reform-of-on-shore-oil-and-gas-leasing/) - Number: 1987-06 WHEREAS, the leasing of federal oil and gas rights through the lottery and the over-the-counter leasing systems have contributed to fraud and abuse and deprived the public of fair market value for its resources; and WHEREAS, the inability of the U.S. Department of the Interior to determine "known geologic structures" has resulted
- [Re-Establishment of Native Scavenging and Predatory Animal Populations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/re-establishment-of-native-scavenging-and-predatory-animal-populations/) - Number: 1987-08 WHEREAS, scavenging and predatory species are an integral and important component of healthy, functioning ecosystems; and WHEREAS, some of these species, such as the Red Wolf, the Northern Rocky Mountain Wolf, the Mexican Wolf, the Black-Footed Ferret, and the California Condor have been so depleted as to be listed by the U.S.
- [Protection of the Roseate Term in the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/protection-of-the-roseate-term-in-the-virgin-islands-and-puerto-rico/) - Number: 1987-27 WHEREAS, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has proposed to list the population of Roseate Tern (Sterna dougallii dougallii) that nests in northeastern North America as endangered and to determine the Caribbean populations, including those of the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico as threatened; and WHEREAS, the Roseate Tern population of
- [Protection of the Caribbean National Forest](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/protection-of-the-caribbean-national-forest/) - Number: 1987-10 WHEREAS, the Caribbean National Forest, a 28,000-acre area in Puerto Rico, is the nation's only tropical National Forest and contains a rich biota, with many rare species and some in danger of extinction; and WHEREAS, the Forest Service of the United States Department of Agriculture, the agency that manages the National Forest,
- [Ocean Garbage and Refuse Dumping](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/ocean-garbage-and-refuse-dumping/) - Number: 1987-26 WHEREAS, the United States is blessed with thousands of miles of beaches important to recreation and tourism and which provide habitat critical to aquatic life; and WHEREAS, the general condition of those beaches is degraded by litter, refuse, and garbage deposited by beach visitors and washed ashore from the adjacent oceans; and
- [Major Conservation Issues, 1987](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/major-conservation-issues-1987/) - Number: 1987-01 Concerned that scientific management of natural resources is being relegated to an importance secondary to that of production and development, during a critical time of economic stress, unemployment, increasing energy development, and international crises, the National Wildlife Federation calls for conservationists throughout the country to remain vigilant, vigorous, and dedicated in united
- [Katy-Missouri River Trail](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/katy-missouri-river-trail/) - Number: 1987-02 WHEREAS, the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad Company (The Katy) has filed to abandon its line from Machens, Missouri (St. Louis Metro Area) to Sedalia, Missouri, a distance of 200 miles, mostly along the Missouri River; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is on record in support of utilizing abandoned railroad rights-of-way for public recreational
- [International Porcupine Caribou Agreement](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/international-porcupine-caribou-agreement/) - Number: 1987-17 WHEREAS, the Porcupine caribou herd, which regularly migrates across the international boundary dividing the State of Alaska from the Yukon Territory, is a unique and irreplaceable natural resource of great value that should be maintained and conserved for the benefit of future generations; and WHEREAS, the governments of Canada and the United
- [International Efforts to Protect Great Lakes Water Quality](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/international-efforts-to-protect-great-lakes-water-quality/) - Number: 1987-21 WHEREAS, the Great Lakes contain 6 quadrillion gallons of freshwater--over one-fifth of the world's surface freshwater; and WHEREAS, 24 million people drink Great Lakes water and one-fifth of the United States population (40 million people) and three-fifths of the Canadian population (15 million people) live in the Great Lakes region; and WHEREAS, the
- [In Support of Appropriate Federal Funding for Fish and Wildlife Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/in-support-of-appropriate-federal-funding-for-fish-and-wildlife-programs/) - Number: 1987-24 WHEREAS, many important wildlife resource programs are funded wholly or in part through appropriations to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, the National Park Service, the Department of Defense, and other federal agencies; and WHEREAS, the loss of federal funding to these agencies could
- [Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/federal-aid-in-wildlife-restoration/) - Number: 1987-04 WHEREAS, the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act (Pittman-Robertson Act) was passed in 1937 and was the model for the Federal Aid in Fish Restoration Act (Dingell-Johnson Act) passed in 1950; and WHEREAS, the original Pittman-Robertson Act imposed a 10 percent excise tax on rifles, shotguns, and ammunition and was amended to
- [Environmental Bill of Rights](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/environmental-bill-of-rights/) - Number: 1987-07 WHEREAS, the United States Constitution seeks to assure every individual of essential rights and liberties; and WHEREAS, these rights and liberties depend upon protection of the environment and of the values of our natural resources; and WHEREAS, subsequent to the adoption of this great document, environmental pollution has increased to the point
- [Endorsement of the Status of the Caribbean National Forest](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/endorsement-of-the-status-of-the-caribbean-national-forest/) - Number: 1987-12 WHEREAS, officials of the Government of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico have proposed that the Caribbean National Forest on that island be transferred from the Federal Government to the Government of that island; and WHEREAS, administration of the Caribbean National Forest during the past 70 years by the Forest Service of the
- [Control of Non-Vital Uses of Chlorofluorocarbons](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/control-of-non-vital-uses-of-chlorofluorocarbons/) - Number: 1987-19 WHEREAS, the United States and many other industrialized countries continue to use chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other long-lived chemical compounds containing chlorine or bromine; and WHEREAS, there now exist substitutes for most uses of these products, and manufacturers state that alternatives can be developed for other uses; and WHEREAS, these gases are emitted
- [Columbia River Basin Wildlife Mitigation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/columbia-river-basin-wildlife-mitigation/) - Number: 1987-14 WHEREAS, the development of the hydroelectric power system in the Columbia River Basin (including parts of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, and Canada) which supplies electricity throughout the Western United States, has had significant adverse impacts on many species of wildlife and on wildlife management through construction, land inundation, water level fluctuations, public
- [Columbia Dam, Tennessee](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/columbia-dam-tennessee/) - Number: 1987-03 WHEREAS, construction of the Columbia Dam Project by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) has been halted for about six years by various economic and environmental problems, including threats to endangered mussels; and WHEREAS, the TVA recently has released a report on the economics of the project, which showed that each additional dollar
- [Clean Water Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/clean-water-act/) - Number: 1987-28 WHEREAS, the federal Clean Water Act requires each state to develop water quality standards which specify the minimum acceptable water quality conditions for the Nation's lakes and streams and to review and revise those standards if necessary every three years; and WHEREAS, state water quality standards play an important role in controlling
- [Billboard Reform Needed](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/billboard-reform-needed/) - Number: 1987-25 WHEREAS, the federal Highway Beautification Act of 1965 was adopted to control outdoor advertising along federally-funded interstate and primary highways in order to protect the public investment in such highways, to promote the safety and recreational value of public travel, and to preserve natural beauty; and WHEREAS, the General Accounting Office has
- [An American Samoa National Park Needed to Protect Rainforest](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/an-american-samoa-national-park-needed-to-protect-rainforest/) - Number: 1987-29 WHEREAS, American Samoa has a large area of the tropical rainforest remaining under United States jurisdiction; and WHEREAS, over half of the rainforest trees are directly dependent upon the endangered Samoan Fruit Bat for seed dispersal and pollination; and WHEREAS, tropical rainforests are rapidly being depleted worldwide by as much as ten
- [Acid Rain: A Joint U.S. Canadian Problem](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/acid-rain-a-joint-u-s-canadian-problem/) - Number: 1987-13 WHEREAS, the United States annually emits over 24 million tons of sulfur dioxide and 20 million tons of nitrogen oxides and Canada emits over 4.7 million tons of sulfur oxides and 1.8 million tons of nitrogen oxides according to 1980 estimates; and WHEREAS, these sulfur and nitrogen oxides are transformed into acids
- [Acid Rain and Political Concessions](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/acid-rain-and-political-concessions/) - Number: 1987-30 WHEREAS, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from Canada and the United States (6.5 and 44 million tons respectively) are the major cause of acid rain in both countries; and WHEREAS, acid rain drastically reduces the ability of water bodies to sustain life, including plants and animals, and adversely affects the quality
- [A National Public Lands Recreation User Fee](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1987/04/a-national-public-lands-recreation-user-fee/) - Number: 1987-09 WHEREAS, the growing national deficit has reduced the level of federal funds for the proper management and maintenance of the fish and wildlife resources on our nation's public lands; and WHEREAS, recreational user fees may be a means by which funding levels for critical needs of public lands resource protection and opportunity
- [Wolf Recovery in the Northern Rocky Mountains](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/wolf-recovery-in-the-northern-rocky-mountains/) - Number: 1988-17 WHEREAS, wolves were an integral part of the Northern Rocky Mountain ecosystem prior to virtual elimination of that species in the United States during the early 20th Century; and WHEREAS, the Northern Rocky Mountain wolf (Canis lupus irremodus) has been listed as an endangered species in the lower 48 states since passage
- [Water Management and Habitat Protection in California](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/water-management-and-habitat-protection-in-california/) - Number: 1988-09 WHEREAS, the Central Valley of California provides some 60% of the Pacific Flyway's waterfowl wintering habitat; and WHEREAS, this habitat is provided by less than 300,000 acres of wetlands which remain today--down from over four million acres of wetlands that historically existed in the Central Valley; and WHEREAS, the majority of this
- [Warm Water Fisheries](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/warm-water-fisheries/) - Number: 1988-10 WHEREAS, warm water fisheries are an increasingly important recreational resource in many reservoirs nationwide; and WHEREAS, the warm water fish habitats are being degraded by activities such as irrigation, hydropower, navigation, and flood control; and WHEREAS, the State, local and Federal agencies responsible for the management of reservoirs and the State and
- [Virgin Islands National Park Land Exchange Study](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/virgin-islands-national-park-land-exchange-study/) - Number: 1988-02 WHEREAS, the Virgin Islands National Park on St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands, encompasses more than 60% of the terrestrial and marine resources of the island; and WHEREAS, the Territorial government of the U.S. Virgin Islands holds title to several small, offshore cays which are considered conservation or wildlife sanctuaries and which are
- [Unregulated Fishing in the Bering Sea by Foreign Commercial Fleets](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/unregulated-fishing-in-the-bering-sea-by-foreign-commercial-fleets/) - Number: 1988-25 WHEREAS, the activities of commercial fishermen and processors in the United States harvesting vast groundfish, salmon and herring resources are regulated in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) by current laws of the United States; and WHEREAS, the area of the Bering Sea outside the EEZ of the United States and outside the
- [The Platte River: A National Treasure](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/the-platte-river-a-national-treasure/) - Number: 1988-16 WHEREAS, as a major part of the Missouri River Basin, the Platte River and its tributaries provide critical habitat for endangered and threatened species and supply water resources essential for municipal and agricultural uses, including the recharge of underground aquifers; and WHEREAS, the Bureau of Reclamation, the cities of Denver, Colorado, and
- [The National Flood Insurance Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/the-national-flood-insurance-program/) - Number: 1988-03 WHEREAS, the National Flood Insurance Program was created to reduce Federal expenditures for flood emergencies and prevent future loss of property and human life by guiding development away from flood-prone areas and distributing the costs of the program to its beneficiaries; and WHEREAS, these goals have not been achieved in large part
- [Salt River Bay, St. Croix, Virgin Islands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/salt-river-bay-st-croix-virgin-islands/) - Number: 1988-23 WHEREAS, Salt River Bay, St. Croix, Virgin Islands, contains unique and irreplaceable mangrove forests and marine life; and WHEREAS, Salt River Bay has unique archaeological, cultural, and historical significance as the only known landing site of Columbus' second voyage to the new world; and WHEREAS, artifacts still remain from an encounter between
- [Richard B. Russell Dam Pumped Storage](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/richard-b-russell-dam-pumped-storage/) - Number: 1988-04 WHEREAS, pumped storage facilities at the Richard B. Russell Dam and Lake Project were prohibited in the original authorization for the project, and such prohibition was removed in 1976; and WHEREAS, the 1979 Corps of Engineers' Final Feasibility Report on the inclusion of pumped storage stated that "the installation of pump turbines
- [Reauthorization of the Marine Mammal Protection Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/reauthorization-of-the-marine-mammal-protection-act/) - Number: 1988-15 WHEREAS, protection of marine mammals continues to have widespread support of the American public; and WHEREAS, the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), one of the Nation's foremost wildlife conservation laws, has been largely responsible for the current health and abundance of most marine mammal populations in waters of the United States; and
- [Protection of Natural Resources from Toxic Pollution Threats](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/protection-of-natural-resources-from-toxic-pollution-threats/) - Number: 1988-12 WHEREAS, numerous hazardous waste sites, mines, oil spills, and other sources of toxics threaten the environment, contaminate the food chain upon which man and animal rely for survival, and injure precious natural resources; and WHEREAS, Superfund and related laws provide the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), other Federal agencies, and State agencies
- [Patoka National Wildlife Refuge](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/patoka-national-wildlife-refuge/) - Number: 1988-06 WHEREAS, some of the last hardwood wetland bottoms in the Midwest are along the Patoka River in southwestern Indiana; and WHEREAS, this area has extensive forest stands that include sweet gum, red maple, green ash, pin oak, river birch, swamp white oak, cherry bark oak, bald cypress, red elm and American elm;
- [Oil Spills and Toxic Releases](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/oil-spills-and-toxic-releases/) - Number: 1988-21 WHEREAS, the recent petroleum spill in Pennsylvania has demonstrated dramatically the significant hazard to the drinking water, rivers, and waterways of our country caused by the location of large petroleum tanks and other liquid storage facilities near our rivers and waterways; and WHEREAS, it is clear there are inadequate laws and regulations
- [Need for Better Protection of Drinking Water](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/need-for-better-protection-of-drinking-water/) - Number: 1988-07 WHEREAS, the nation's current and potential drinking water is a valuable natural resource that deserves a high level of protection; and WHEREAS, if contaminated, drinking water should be cleaned up or treated adequately to protect public health and welfare; and WHEREAS, drinking water in many areas of the nation is polluted by
- [National Environmental Education](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/national-environmental-education/) - Number: 1988-14 WHEREAS, America and the world are facing a variety of environmental and resource-use problems, including but not limited to air and water pollution, wildlife habitat destruction, soil erosion; and WHEREAS, these problems are often created by poorly informed individual and societal decisions by various levels of government, business and industry, citizen groups,
- [Major Conservation Issues 1988](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/major-conservation-issues-1988/) - Number: 1988-01 The National Wildlife Federation pledges to promote stewardship of the world's natural resources. The necessities of clean air, productive soil, pure water, mineral wealth, and diverse, abundant plant and animal life depend on vigilant, informed and dedicated citizens. An association of independent State organizations and their affiliated local groups and individuals, the
- [Local Government Land Use Regulations to Conserve Fish and Wildlife Habitat and Other Natural Resources](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/local-government-land-use-regulations-to-conserve-fish-and-wildlife-habitat-and-other-natural-resources/) - Number: 1988-19 WHEREAS, a primary threat to fish and wildlife is loss of habitat due to inappropriate commercial, residential, and agricultural development; and WHEREAS, the lack of comprehensive planning for future development can result in cumulative adverse impacts from unrelated development projects which can fragment otherwise contiguous wildlands, disrupt the functioning of wetland systems
- [Leone Bay Harbor Development and the Environment in American Samoa](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/leone-bay-harbor-development-and-the-environment-in-american-samoa/) - Number: 1988-24 WHEREAS, Leone Bay contains the last remaining climax community for Acropora coral on the Island of Tutuila, American Samoa, and this coral is important in growing Acropora throughout the island following a damaging crown-of-thorns starfish infestation; and WHEREAS, Leone Bay is a wintering and calving area for the endangered humpback whale; and
- [Hetch Hetchy](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/hetch-hetchy/) - Number: 1988-11 WHEREAS, the Secretary of the Interior has proposed removal of the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park and the restoration of Hetch Hetchy Valley; and WHEREAS, Yosemite National Park was established in 1890 in order to preserve its remarkable beauty for the enjoyment and inspiration of future generations of Americans; and
- [Gulf of Mexico Anadromous Fish Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/gulf-of-mexico-anadromous-fish-restoration/) - Number: 1988-18 WHEREAS, the Gulf race of striped bass and the Gulf of Mexico sturgeon once were common in coastal river systems from Louisiana to Florida; and WHEREAS, dams, poor water quality, habitat loss, pesticides, and overexploitation have been important factors contributing to the near extinction of Gulf race striped bass and Gulf of
- [Diversion of State Fish and Wildlife Agency Funds](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/diversion-of-state-fish-and-wildlife-agency-funds/) - Number: 1988-22 WHEREAS, due to increased fiscal responsibility placed on states because of reduced federal participation, it has become increasingly common for state legislatures or governors to divert portions of state fish and wildlife agency funds for uses other than state fish and wildlife programs; and WHEREAS, this is a result of relaxed and
- [Disposal of Dredging Spoils](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/disposal-of-dredging-spoils/) - Number: 1988-08 WHEREAS, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers issues permits for the ongoing disposal of dredging spoils within the San Francisco Bay estuary, in the vicinity of Alcatraz Island; and WHEREAS, the Federal Water Resources Development Act of 1986 includes new authority for the Corps of Engineers to restore previously damaged fish and
- [Deer and Panther Habitat Management in the Big Cypress National Preserve](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/deer-and-panther-habitat-management-in-the-big-cypress-national-preserve/) - Number: 1988-20 WHEREAS, the Big Cypress National Preserve (BCNP) represents one of two principal holdings of Federal land in south Florida; and WHEREAS, the BCNP was purchased from Florida landowners specifically to aid in the maintenance and restoration of the Everglades ecosystem; and WHEREAS, outdoor recreation such as camping, hunting and fishing within the
- [Control of the Brown Tree Snake](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/control-of-the-brown-tree-snake/) - Number: 1988-05 WHEREAS, the brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) is an aggressive, venomous snake native to Papua, New Guinea and northern Melanesia, which was accidentally introduced to Guam in the late 1940s; and WHEREAS, brown tree snakes are particularly successful in island environments where they have no natural enemies and where birds have evolved
- [Adequate Funding for the National Fish Hatchery System Program which Supports Anadromous Fish Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1988/04/adequate-funding-for-the-national-fish-hatchery-system-program-which-supports-anadromous-fish-restoration/) - Number: 1988-13 WHEREAS, the National Fish Hatchery System supplies fish critical for ongoing restoration and mitigation projects for nationally important anadromous fish stocks around the United States; and WHEREAS, a number of the anadromous fish stocks supported by the National Fish Hatchery System are at exceedingly low population levels relative to their historical abundance;
- [Wildlife Conservation in 1989](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/wildlife-conservation-in-1989/) - Number: 1989-22 WHEREAS, there will be major challenges in 1989 to promote and protect the wildlife resources of the Nation and the habitats on which they depend; and WHEREAS, waterfowl populations continue to decline, ever- increasing numbers of species become listed as threatened and endangered, and 350,000 acres a year of coastal and freshwater
- [Water Resources Conservation in 1989](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/water-resources-conservation-in-1989/) - Number: 1989-18 WHEREAS, drought conditions in 1988 caused portions of more than 40 states to be declared eligible for Federal disaster assistance, highlighting the need to improve the management of the Nation's water resources; and WHEREAS, strains in water supply systems were particularly evident in rural areas, which face problems of quality as well
- [Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway Mitigation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/tennessee-tombigbee-waterway-mitigation/) - Number: 1989-25 WHEREAS, the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway was constructed at great cost to fish, wildlife, and waterfowl habitat; and WHEREAS, this impact has been acknowledged by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in project documents; and WHEREAS, the impact upon bottomland hardwood habitat has added significantly to the great loss of this critical ecological component;
- [Tehama-Colusa Canal Situation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/tehama-colusa-canal-situation/) - Number: 1989-20 WHEREAS, the Bureau of Reclamation has announced an agreement to transfer operation of the Tehama-Colusa Canal Facilities to the Tehama-Colusa Canal Authority; and WHEREAS, the facilities include systems to mitigate for loss of salmon and steelhead related to Red Bluff Diversion Dam construction and operation, and enhancement of salmon stocks in the
- [Redirecting the Corps of Engineers](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/redirecting-the-corps-of-engineers/) - Number: 1989-26 WHEREAS, the League of Ohio Sportsmen in its annual convention on February 25, 1989, approved a resolution urging the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to take action to remedy the longstanding problem of toxic sediments from the Ashtabula River in Ashtabula, Ohio; and, WHEREAS, the historic mission of the U.S. Army Corps
- [Public Lands Conservation in 1989](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/public-lands-conservation-in-1989/) - Number: 1989-14 WHEREAS, the Federal Land Policy and Management Act requires the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) 333 million acres of public lands to be managed "in a manner that will protect the quality of scientific, historical, ecological, environmental, air and atmospheric, water resource, and archeological values; that, where appropriate, will preserve and protect
- [Land Acquisition within a Portion of the Toiyabe National Forest](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/land-acquisition-within-a-portion-of-the-toiyabe-national-forest/) - Number: 1989-10 WHEREAS, population growth in the western United States is causing increased interest in and use of public lands in the region; and WHEREAS, the Toiyabe National Forest administers land in Nevada and eastern California; and WHEREAS, there are private lands within the California forest area which are now under purchase option by
- [International Conservation, Economic Development, and the Late Brazilian Environmentalist Chico Mendes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/international-conservation-economic-development-and-the-late-brazilian-environmentalist-chico-mendes/) - Number: 1989-03 WHEREAS, there is an increasing awareness of the global implications of environmental degradation in the developing countries; and WHEREAS, environmental degradation is directly linked to the type of economic development undertaken in these countries; and WHEREAS, action to reverse this degradation, and encourage a sustainable and wise use of natural resources in
- [Inter-Basin Transfer of Water from Atlantic and Gulf Coast Rivers](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/inter-basin-transfer-of-water-from-atlantic-and-gulf-coast-rivers/) - Number: 1989-21 WHEREAS, the Atlantic and Gulf coasts are drained by scores of discrete river systems, rather than a few large rivers; and WHEREAS, the configuration of these watersheds has drawn interest to possible inter-basin transfers of water; and WHEREAS, rates of population growth and economic development in several of these watersheds have been
- [In Support of Full Appropriations for the National Wildlife Refuge Fund](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/in-support-of-full-appropriations-for-the-national-wildlife-refuge-fund/) - Number: 1989-24 WHEREAS, lands acquired by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) for the National Wildlife Refuge System are removed from county tax rolls; and WHEREAS, the Refuge Revenue Sharing Act of 1935 (U.S.C. 715a, as amended by P.L. 95-469 of 1978) authorizes Congress to make payments, through FWS, to counties in which
- [Grand Island](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/grand-island/) - Number: 1989-13 WHEREAS Grand Island is the largest island along the southern shore of Lake Superior with some 13,500 acres; and WHEREAS Grand Island is an outstanding historical, recreational, scenic, and wildlife resource; and WHEREAS many traditional uses and future opportunities would be lost if the current landowner sells the island to a private
- [Funding Great Lakes Sea Lamprey Control Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/funding-great-lakes-sea-lamprey-control-programs/) - Number: 1989-27 WHEREAS, the Great Lakes Fishery Commission maintains chemical control of sea lamprey populations in the Great Lakes and supports research into alternate control methods, but static appropriation of Commission funds and escalating operational costs have resulted in a critical funding shortfall; and WHEREAS, according to the Commission, the result of this funding
- [Forest Riparian Area Protection Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/forest-riparian-area-protection-program/) - Number: 1989-12 WHEREAS, forest riparian ecosystems are extremely productive, have diverse habitat values for fish and wildlife, and support a greater diversity of wildlife than adjacent upland forestlands; and WHEREAS, forest riparian zones serve a variety of functions including water purification, absorption of floodwaters, erosion control and aquifer recharge; and WHEREAS, forest riparian zones
- [Forest Conservation in 1989](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/forest-conservation-in-1989/) - Number: 1989-09 WHEREAS, working to ensure the sound management of our Nation's forests is a high priority for the National Wildlife Federation and its affiliates; and WHEREAS, ongoing management and planning activities of the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) influence the long-term health and productivity of our National Forests; and WHEREAS, the rangelands of the
- [Fisheries Conservation in 1989](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/fisheries-conservation-in-1989/) - Number: 1989-06 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation continues to be an active and influential voice on a variety of national fisheries resource issues; and WHEREAS, habitat protection is necessary to sustain productive fish stocks that undergird our Nation's commercial and recreational fisheries; and WHEREAS, sustained Federal funding is critical to fisheries management; and WHEREAS,
- [Expanded International Activities](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/expanded-international-activities/) - Number: 1989-02 WHEREAS, environmental degradation of intercontinental magnitude is increasingly documented; and WHEREAS, the issues range from airborne toxics to the question of overall global warming, with consequences including major habitat degradation, increased desertification, and damage to the function of important natural systems; and WHEREAS, many of these problems transcend national borders and no
- [Environmental Quality in 1989](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/environmental-quality-in-1989/) - Number: 1989-01 WHEREAS, the dramatic events of the past year remind us that our nation's environmental quality programs are incomplete and inadequate; and WHEREAS, medical waste and sewage on our beaches, severe drought, holes in the stratospheric ozone layer, and unprecedented levels of smog in our cities should serve as a warning that our
- [Environmental Education in MBA Schools in 1989](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/environmental-education-in-mba-schools-in-1989/) - Number: 1989-07 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation established the Corporate Conservation Council in 1982 as a forum for discussion between senior corporate executives and Federation leadership on natural resource issues of mutual concern; and WHEREAS, the Council has initiated an outreach program towards schools of business administration to encourage an awareness among the managers
- [Environmental Consequences of Military Use of Airspace Over Protected Areas](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/environmental-consequences-of-military-use-of-airspace-over-protected-areas/) - Number: 1989-04 WHEREAS, the U.S. Department of Defense has increasingly sought to use airspace for training over or near protected areas such as National and State Parks, Forests and Wilderness areas; and WHEREAS, low altitude aircraft operations have been proposed or are taking place over the Cape Lookout and Cape Hatteras National Seashores in
- [Enforcement of Swampbuster](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/enforcement-of-swampbuster/) - Number: 1989-11 WHEREAS, the wetland conservation provisions of the Food Security Act of 1985 ("Swampbuster provisions") remove certain incentives for persons to produce agricultural commodities on converted wetlands; and WHEREAS, wetlands are of immense value to the economic and environmental health of the Nation; and WHEREAS, protecting the Nation's wetlands is a priority of
- [Energy Conservation in 1989](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/energy-conservation-in-1989/) - Number: 1989-17 WHEREAS, the Federal government has abandoned its role of leading the nation toward more efficient use of our energy supplies because of low oil prices and an international glut of oil supplies; and WHEREAS, in the name of "national security", the government and others have proposed to exploit energy resources in environmentally
- [Decade of the Environment](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/decade-of-the-environment/) - Number: 1989-08 WHEREAS, the world environment has become so threatened by a complex combination of problems, such as, global warming, ozone depletion, overpopulation, soil loss, acid deposition, solid and hazardous waste disposal, deforestation, and loss of biological diversity that concrete action is required by the year 2000 to ensure viability for future generations on
- [Central Valley Project (CA) Water Contracts](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/central-valley-project-ca-water-contracts-2/) - Number: 1989-19 WHEREAS, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation has commenced renegotiating the contracts for Central Valley Project (CVP) water, beginning with the Friant Unit; and WHEREAS, the Central Valley of California provides some 60% of the Pacific Flyway's waterfowl wintering habitat; and WHEREAS, this habitat is provided by fewer than 300,000 acres of wetlands
- [Bighorn Sheep in California](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/bighorn-sheep-in-california/) - Number: 1989-23 WHEREAS, California once had many bands of bighorn sheep along the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountains, and bighorn sheep were an important component of these pristine ecosystems; and WHEREAS, bighorn sheep in the Sierra Nevada mountains are now extirpated from significant portions of their historic range and tread a fragile line
- [Arctic National Wildlife Refuge](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/arctic-national-wildlife-refuge/) - Number: 1989-16 WHEREAS, the Arctic National Wildlife Range was established in 1960 for the purpose of preserving unique wildlife, wilderness, and recreational values; and WHEREAS, the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (Arctic Refuge) was established in 1980, encompassing the original 8.9 million-acre wildlife range and approximately 10 million additional acres to conserve fish and wildlife
- [Alternative to Proposed Landfill at Quindaro Bend on Missouri River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/alternative-to-proposed-landfill-at-quindaro-bend-on-missouri-river/) - Number: 1989-05 WHEREAS, the Missouri River has historically been regarded as one of the most significant natural resources in these United States; and WHEREAS, Browning-Ferris Industries Inc., has applied for permits to place a sanitary landfill at the Old Quindaro Townsite in Kansas City, Kansas; and WHEREAS, this landfill would be only 200 to
- [National System of Scenic Roadways](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1989/04/national-system-of-scenic-roadways/) - Number: 1989-15 WHEREAS, the United States of America offers us numerous regions where its citizens can drive and bicycle for the pleasure of viewing landscapes of unusual scenic, historic, cultural and environmental significance; and WHEREAS, an alarming number of scenic roadways that traverse these regions are being desecrated by a proliferation of billboards, unbridled
- [Wildlife in 1990](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/wildlife-in-1990/) - Number: 1990-08 WHEREAS, although more than a year ago President Bush committed to a "no net loss of wetlands" policy, it remains to be seen how and when the President's no net loss policy is to be formulated, finalized and implemented; and WHEREAS, despite passage of the federal "Nongame Act" a decade ago, it
- [Water Resources Conservation in 1990](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/water-resources-conservation-in-1990/) - Number: 1990-07 WHEREAS, the Bureau of Reclamation was established as an agency of the Department of the Interior in 1902 to promote the settlement of the arid West by providing federally-assisted irrigation to family farms; and WHEREAS, in 1987 the Bureau of Reclamation and the Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Water and Science
- [Toxic Contamination of Inland Waterways](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/toxic-contamination-of-inland-waterways/) - Number: 1990-11 WHEREAS, inland waterways provide direct sources of drinking water to municipalities, and recharge aquifers that serve as drinking water sources for many other areas; and WHEREAS, our inland waterways provide essential wildlife habitat, breeding areas, migration routes and food sources for land and aquatic animals; and WHEREAS, our inland waterways provide a
- [The National Environmental Education Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/the-national-environmental-education-act/) - Number: 1990-19 WHEREAS, America and the world are faced with a number of natural resource utilization and environmental quality problems which threaten the lives and well-being of all humans, wildlife and our shared habitat; and WHEREAS, most of these problems are caused or aggravated by unwise human intervention in the natural ecosystems of the
- [Support of Satellite Tracking for the Prevention of Oil and Other Hazardous Materials Spills](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/support-of-satellite-tracking-for-the-prevention-of-oil-and-other-hazardous-materials-spills/) - Number: 1990-15 WHEREAS, the prevention of oil spills is environmentally and economically more sensible than any resulting clean-up can be, the most reliable and accurate system should be implemented; and WHEREAS, the oil spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska, devastated the environment and cost billions of dollars in damages and economic loss to the
- [State Power to Enact Laws and Regulations More Stringent than Federal Law](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/state-power-to-enact-laws-and-regulations-more-stringent-than-federal-law/) - Number: 1990-13 WHEREAS, the nation continues to face a wide range of serious environmental problems, such as air and water pollution, toxic waste, acid rain, global warming, the loss of endangered species and habitat destruction; and WHEREAS, while minimum federal environmental requirements frequently are necessary to deal with such problems, state governments and their
- [Ratification and Implementation of the "APIA Convention" by the United States](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/ratification-and-implementation-of-the-apia-convention-by-the-united-states/) - Number: 1990-16 WHEREAS, the Convention on Conservation of Nature in the South Pacific, commonly called the "APIA Convention", was signed by various governments on June 12, 1976; and WHEREAS, the participants of the convention had in mind the Principles set out in the Declaration adopted by the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment
- [Purple Loose Strife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/purple-loose-strife/) - Number: 1990-20 WHEREAS, purple LOOSE STRIFE (Lythrum salicaria) is an exotic plant imported from northern Europe and widely sold as a garden ornamental; and WHEREAS, by abundant seed production and effective seed dispersal purple LOOSE STRIFE invades wetlands IN the United States and quickly dominates and can eventually eliminate native plants; and WHEREAS, purple
- [Pollution, Race, and Economic Status](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/pollution-race-and-economic-status/) - Number: 1990-24 WHEREAS, a study conducted by the U.S. General Accounting Office entitled "Siting of Hazardous Waste Landfills and Their Correlation With Racial and Economic Status of Surrounding Communities" has concluded that in the eight southeastern states studied, "Blacks make up the majority of the population in three of the four communities where [commercial
- [Platte River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/platte-river/) - Number: 1990-22 WHEREAS, the Platte River is a vital symbol of the West's proud heritage and a treasure shared by all Americans; and WHEREAS, the Platte Valley is located in the hourglass of the Central Flyway, offering exceptional habitat to as many as nine million ducks and geese and a fantastic array of other
- [Northern Forest Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/northern-forest-lands-2/) - Number: 1990-18 WHEREAS, change is threatening traditional land uses in the northern forest lands of New England and New York, and traditional state-based jurisdictions cannot alone adequately protect and conserve these precious resources; and WHEREAS, some 25,000,000 acres of forest land in public and private ownership in the States of Vermont, Maine, New York
- [Military Land Withdrawls](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/military-land-withdrawls/) - Number: 1990-21 WHEREAS, some 13 million acres of public domain lands in the West had been withdrawn from public use for military purposes by 1984; and WHEREAS, the Department of Defense had under its jurisdiction as of 1984 an additional 15 million acres of land in the U.S.; and WHEREAS, current proposals for additional
- [Land and Minerals in 1990](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/land-and-minerals-in-1990/) - Number: 1990-05 WHEREAS, the public lands of the United States administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) contain a host of important wildlife, environmental, ecological, archeological, recreational and aesthetic values, in addition to a wealth of minerals and other commodity values; and WHEREAS, during the past decade BLM's management policies have favored the
- [Lake Champlain](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/lake-champlain/) - Number: 1990-12 WHEREAS, Lake Champlain is one of the largest freshwater lakes IN the United States; and WHEREAS, Lake Champlain and the Adirondacks have recently been designated an International Biosphere Reserve; and WHEREAS, Lake Champlain, and its environmental quality, which includes its aquatic ecosystem and fisheries, together with adjacent wetlands, wildlife habitat and recreation
- [Japan and Global Environmental Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/japan-and-global-environmental-conservation/) - Number: 1990-17 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation and other U.S. conservation groups are aware of the increasingly interrelated and international character of many serious environmental problems, and of the need for international action and cooperation to solve them; and WHEREAS, Japan has become one of the most important nations in terms of its influence
- [International Activities in 1990](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/international-activities-in-1990/) - Number: 1990-04 WHEREAS, most environmental problems are increasingly global in scope and the National Wildlife Federation and its affiliates recognize that we must prepare ourselves to deal with them on an international basis; and WHEREAS, the pace of degradation of the earth's atmosphere, water and land is accelerating in most countries, due to increasing
- [Full Funding for Nonpoint Pollution Control](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/full-funding-for-nonpoint-pollution-control/) - Number: 1990-10 WHEREAS, diffuse, nonpoint sources of water pollutants such as contaminated runoff from urban and rural lands is responsible for over half of the pollutants found in the nation's waters today; and WHEREAS, the Water Quality Act of 1987 created Section 319 of the Clean Water Act authorizing a program to address nonpoint
- [Forests and Soils in 1990](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/forests-and-soils-in-1990/) - Number: 1990-03 WHEREAS, the protection of the long-term health and productivity of our nation's forests is a high priority for the National Wildlife Federation and its affiliates; and WHEREAS, ongoing management and planning activities of the U.S. Forest Service directly influence biological diversity and the health of forest ecosystems; and WHEREAS, increasing importance is
- [Fisheries in 1990](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/fisheries-in-1990/) - Number: 1990-02 WHEREAS, Congress will continue its work to reauthorize the Magnuson Act to include, for the first time ever, an amendment authorizing management and protection of tuna stocks; and WHEREAS, continued implementation and defense of turtle excluder device (TED) regulations to protect endangered sea turtles from drowning IN shrimp nets is necessary; and
- [Environmental Quality in 1990](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/environmental-quality-in-1990/) - Number: 1990-01 WHEREAS, this year marks the 20th Anniversary of Earth Day--a date on which millions of people committed themselves to solving our world's environmental problems; and WHEREAS, significant progress has been made IN responding to some environmental problems, yet the nation and the world have failed to address adequately such issues as global
- [Environmental Effect of the Sugar Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/environmental-effect-of-the-sugar-program/) - Number: 1990-23 WHEREAS, agricultural programs that distort the free market system can have serious environmental impacts; and WHEREAS, the sugar import quotas stimulate sugar production on and adjacent to environmentally sensitive lands; and WHEREAS, the Council of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), an international trade organization to which the United States is
- [Energy in 1990](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/energy-in-1990/) - Number: 1990-06 WHEREAS, the Department of Energy is developing a "National Energy Strategy" after a decade of neglecting this important issue; and WHEREAS, in the name of "national security" some have proposed to exploit oil and gas resources in environmentally fragile areas, such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, the Outer Continental Shelf and
- [Coral Reefs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/coral-reefs/) - Number: 1990-14 WHEREAS, coral reefs are among the world's most diverse and significantly productive natural resources providing habitat for marine fish and invertebrates and a host of other aquatic life; and WHEREAS, coral reefs are biologically- and structurally- sensitive systems which are slow-growing and require hundreds of years to develop; and WHEREAS, along the
- [Consumptive Utilization of Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/consumptive-utilization-of-wildlife/) - Number: 1990-26 WHEREAS, hunting, fishing and trapping have long been recognized by the National Wildlife Federation and its affiliates as legitimate recreational pursuits and useful wildlife management tools; and WHEREAS, hunting, fishing, and trapping are integral parts of the very fabric of our national heritage; and WHEREAS, legislation, which created certain kinds of national
- [Combined Sewer Overflows](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1990/04/combined-sewer-overflows/) - Number: 1990-09 WHEREAS, many communities nationwide have combined sanitary and storm sewer overflows - resulting in the discharge of untreated wastewater during wet weather; and WHEREAS, these combined sewer overflows degrade water quality and reduce or prohibit the beneficial uses of the receiving waters; and WHEREAS, combined sewer overflows pose significant public health problems;
- [Wildlife in 1991](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/wildlife-in-1991/) - Number: 1991-08 WHEREAS, although more than two years ago President Bush committed to a "no-net-loss of wetlands" policy, the Administration has yet to issue a final --let alone interim or draft-- statement of that policy; and WHEREAS, passage of the 1990 Farm Bill provides new opportunities for improved and expanded fish and wildlife habitat
- [Water Resources Conservation in 1991](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/water-resources-conservation-in-1991/) - Number: 1991-07 WHEREAS, drought conditions persist in California, Utah, Florida and other areas, highlighting the need to improve the management of the nation's water resources; and WHEREAS, water management and use based on conservation principles instills the ethic of proper allocation of our resources rather than continued expansion and exploitation; and WHEREAS, the Bureau
- [Transportation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/transportation/) - Number: 1991-19 WHEREAS, our national transportation system has focused on our highways for the past 40 years; and WHEREAS, the continued reliance of that transportation system on low occupancy, fossil-fueled automobiles threatens the viability of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems on a global scale due to its contribution to global warming, acid rain, energy consumption
- [The Clean Water Act in 1991](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/the-clean-water-act-in-1991/) - Number: 1991-09 WHEREAS, clean water is critical to maintaining vital ecosystems and preserving the quality of life; and WHEREAS, reauthorization of the Clean Water Act is currently pending before Congress; and WHEREAS, reauthorization of the Clean Water Act presents an opportunity to enact toxics use reduction and pollution prevention principles which will enhance effectiveness
- [Role of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in the U.S. Virgin Islands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/role-of-the-u-s-environmental-protection-agency-in-the-u-s-virgin-islands/) - Number: 1991-13 WHEREAS, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) statutory mandates generally require EPA to administer and enforce federal environmental laws in all U. S. territories, as well as in the fifty states; and WHEREAS, in many U. S. territories, such as the Virgin Islands, the people and the environment suffer from virtually
- [Resource Conservation and Recovery Act in 1991](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/resource-conservation-and-recovery-act-in-1991/) - Number: 1991-10 WHEREAS, reauthorization of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act is currently pending before Congress; and WHEREAS, there are growing constraints on landfill capacity and the nation is turning to incineration as a convenient alternative to handle disposal of solid and hazardous waste; and WHEREAS, this nation has failed to mandate and implement
- [Market Incentives for Reusable and Recyclable Materials](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/market-incentives-for-reusable-and-recyclable-materials/) - Number: 1991-14 WHEREAS, Americans are generating more waste than ever before and at an alarming rate; and WHEREAS, siting new landfills and finding other means of disposal is becoming increasingly more difficult; and WHEREAS, in some cases there are economic incentives to use virgin materials instead of promoting the reuse or recycling of disposed
- [Livestock Grazing on Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/livestock-grazing-on-public-lands-2/) - Number: 1991-18 WHEREAS, the General Accounting Office and the Bureau of Land Management have documented the degraded condition of tens of thousands of stream miles of riparian habitat on public lands and national forests due to abusive livestock grazing practices; and WHEREAS, data on range condition in the western U. S. indicates that tens
- [Large-Scale Pelagic Drift Net Fishing](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/large-scale-pelagic-drift-net-fishing/) - Number: 1991-15 WHEREAS, large-scale pelagic drift net fishing is a method of fishing with a net or combination of nets intended to be held in a vertical position by floats and weights, whose purpose is to enmesh squid and fish by drifting on the surface of or in the water, and is a highly
- [Land and Minerals in 1991](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/land-and-minerals-in-1991/) - Number: 1991-05 WHEREAS, the public lands of the United States administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) contain a host of important wildlife, environmental, ecological, archeological, recreational and aesthetic values, in addition to a wealth of minerals and other commodity values; and WHEREAS, during the past decade BLM's management policies have favored the
- [James Bay Project](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/james-bay-project/) - Number: 1991-20 WHEREAS, Hydro-Quebec has developed over 10,000 megawatts of capacity and is planning another 15,000 megawatts of new hydroelectric generating capacity, through construction of thirty-five dams, substantially altering ten major rivers flowing into James Bay and Hudson's Bay; and WHEREAS, the majority of this power is intended for sale in the northeastern United
- [International Activities in 1991](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/international-activities-in-1991/) - Number: 1991-04 WHEREAS, environment and development are inextricably linked and in recognition of the fact that the protection of the global environment demands much more than the establishment of protected areas or regulation of industry and requires environmental reform of international economic policy and corresponding changes in multilateral economic institutions; and WHEREAS, the National
- [Implementation of the §404 Clean Water Act Wetlands Mitigation Memorandum of Agreement](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/implementation-of-the-§404-clean-water-act-wetlands-mitigation-memorandum-of-agreement/) - Number: 1991-11 WHEREAS, the wetland habitats of the United States provide critical biological functions; and WHEREAS, continued loss of wetlands and their productivity through activities such as dredging, draining, filling, pollution and other forms of environmental degradation threaten those functions; and WHEREAS, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Army
- [Forests and Soils in 1991](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/forests-and-soils-in-1991/) - Number: 1991-03 WHEREAS, the ecologically balanced and sustainable management of our nation's forests is a high priority for the National Wildlife Federation and its affiliates; and WHEREAS, 1991 marks the 100th Anniversary of the origin of the National Forest System and the initiation of the new Forest Legacy Program established by the 1990 Farm
- [Forest Practices, Old Growth and the Spotted Owl](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/forest-practices-old-growth-and-the-spotted-owl/) - Number: 1991-16 WHEREAS, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Forest Service, the United States Department of Interior-Bureau of Land Management and the USDA-Fish and Wildlife Service are responsible for multiple use management of forest resources and the threatened and endangered wildlife residing within the federal forests in the Pacific Northwest; and WHEREAS, the federal
- [Fisheries in 1991](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/fisheries-in-1991/) - Number: 1991-02 WHEREAS, over the past decade Congress has continued to add important fisheries conservation programs to the responsibilities of the four primary federal fisheries management agencies, National Marine Fisheries Service, Fish and Wildlife Service, Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management, without commensurate increases in funding to implement these programs adequately; and
- [Fish and Wildlife Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/fish-and-wildlife-management/) - Number: 1991-21 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is the nation's largest conservation/education organization and is dedicated to protecting our environment and conserving and restoring fish and wildlife species; and WHEREAS, members of the National Wildlife Federation have broad and diverse opinions on the consumptive use of fish and wildlife, yet are united in their
- [Establishment of a Wetland Wildlife Reserve in the Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/establishment-of-a-wetland-wildlife-reserve-in-the-cuyahoga-valley-national-recreation-area/) - Number: 1991-22 WHEREAS, the Cuyahoga Valley National Recreational Area was established by Congress in 1974 for the enjoyment of many types of outdoor recreation; and WHEREAS, the Cuyahoga Valley National Recreational Area would be significantly enhanced by the development and management of approximately 3,000 acres of marsh and other wetlands habitats for migratory birds
- [Environmental Quality in 1991](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/environmental-quality-in-1991/) - Number: 1991-01 WHEREAS, EPA has failed to issue many drinking water regulations which are required pursuant to the Safe Drinking Water Act in order to protect public health, and has failed to implement the Act fully and effectively; and WHEREAS, funding at levels sufficient to enable public water systems to comply with the Safe
- [Energy in 1991](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/energy-in-1991/) - Number: 1991-06 WHEREAS, the Administration has failed to develop and implement a national energy policy based upon the efficient use of energy and the development of environmentally safe alternative energy technologies; and WHEREAS, in the name of "national security" the Administration and others have proposed to exploit oil and gas resources in environmentally fragile
- [Cooperation with Agricultural Interests](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/cooperation-with-agricultural-interests/) - Number: 1991-17 WHEREAS, agriculture is one of the largest industries in the world, and in the U. S.; and WHEREAS, agricultural practices significantly affect the natural resources of our nation, especially its soil, water, air, wetlands and wildlife habitats; and WHEREAS, the nation's public could benefit by increasing the number of farmers deeply concerned for
- [Chlorine Use in Pulp and Paper Mills](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/chlorine-use-in-pulp-and-paper-mills/) - Number: 1991-12 WHEREAS, there is widespread use of white, bleached paper products; and WHEREAS, unbleached paper provides an effective alternative to bleached paper products; and WHEREAS, the use of chlorine in the paper-making process inevitably results in the incidental chlorination of hundreds of organic compounds; and WHEREAS, several of these chlorinated compounds, especially 2,
- [Big & Trophy Game Ranching](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1991/04/big-trophy-game-ranching/) - Number: 1991-23 WHEREAS, there are currently many state legislative proposals and requests for changes to state wildlife agency regulations that would permit the private ownership of big and trophy game species for commercial purposes; and WHEREAS, our nation's wildlife belongs to its citizens and is held for them, in trust, by the state and
- [Wildlife in 1992](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/wildlife-in-1992/) - Number: 1992-09 WHEREAS, the Endangered Species Act is among the nation's strongest and foremost wildlife conservation laws and a vital tool for habitat protection and has been shown to work effectively for the last eighteen years; and WHEREAS, the Endangered Species Act has come under intense attack by a number of well-financed special interest
- [Wetlands Manual](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/wetlands-manual/) - Number: 1992-12 WHEREAS, the goal of the Clean Water Act (CWA) is to "maintain and restore the chemical, physical and biological integrity of the nation's waters"; and WHEREAS, wetlands are valuable resources which serve man and wildlife by providing important habitat, flood control and water quality functions; and WHEREAS, over 50 percent of the
- [Wetlands in 1992](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/wetlands-in-1992/) - Number: 1992-03 WHEREAS, wetlands provide society a number of important economic and ecological services, such as floodflow alteration, food chain support and wildlife habitat, groundwater recharge and purification, and sediment removal; and WHEREAS, wetlands are the cradle of the nation's commercial and recreational seafood industry which, conservatively, is estimated to generate in excess of
- [Water Resources Conservation in 1992](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/water-resources-conservation-in-1992/) - Number: 1992-07 WHEREAS, the construction and operation of water resources development projects, including dams, levees, canals, drainage channels, navigation works, hydroelectric power facilities and coastal engineering structures, have a profound effect on fish and wildlife populations and habitat; and WHEREAS, rising construction costs, reduced availability of federal funds, technological advances and improved analytical tools
- [United Nations Conference on Environment and Development](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/united-nations-conference-on-environment-and-development/) - Number: 1992-15 WHEREAS, the U.S. delegation to UNCED, in contrast to the attitude of cooperation by the other industrialized countries, continues to resist any effort to reach meaningful agreements in the negotiations for UNCED and the treaty on climate change, on issues such as the reduction of CO2 emissions, and the elimination of toxic
- [Tallgrass Prairie National Wildlife Refuge](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/tallgrass-prairie-national-wildlife-refuge/) - Number: 1992-20 WHEREAS, in 1991 Congress established the Walnut Creek National Wildlife Refuge near Prairie City, Iowa; and WHEREAS, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) is now in the advanced planning stages for the refuge; and WHEREAS, Walnut Creek watershed, in which the refuge would be established, is suitable for restoration and enhancement
- [Regulatory Intervention and Stock Management Plan for Weakfish](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/regulatory-intervention-and-stock-management-plan-for-weakfish/) - Number: 1992-13 WHEREAS, weakfish (Cynoscion regalis), an Atlantic coast migratory marine finfish, whose population is dependent upon the estuaries and bays from Massachusetts to Florida as spawning and nursery grounds, comprises an economically important fishery; and WHEREAS, long-term declines in total commercial weight landed and average size in the recreational fishery are considered indicative
- [Population and the Environment](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/population-and-the-environment-3/) - Number: 1992-14 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation recognizes that most environmental issues are increasingly global in scope, and that human demand for and use of natural resources relates to environmental deterioration worldwide; and WHEREAS, increasingly excessive demands for resources, and their mismanagement and abuse by industrialized countries, including the United States, are primary causes
- [Mowing and Haying of Conservation Reserve Program Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/mowing-and-haying-of-conservation-reserve-program-lands/) - Number: 1992-21 WHEREAS, conservationists across the country have worked closely with farmers under the Conservation Reserve Program of the 1985 and 1990 Farm Bills (CRP) to establish and maintain vegetative cover to reduce soil erosion, improve water quality and benefit wildlife; and WHEREAS, current law authorizes farmers to graze and hay CRP acres during
- [Mining Law Reform](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/mining-law-reform/) - Number: 1992-16 WHEREAS, open pit cyanide heap leach mining for gold and other minerals is one of the most widely used forms of mining on our public lands, and also one of the most environmentally destructive forms of mineral extraction, involving massive earth movement and potential discharge of hazardous chemicals into the environment; and
- [Livestock Grazing on Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/livestock-grazing-on-public-lands/) - Number: 1992-17 WHEREAS, the continuing degraded conditions of tens of million of acres of our western public rangelands and thousands of stream miles of riparian habitat as a consequence of abusive livestock grazing practices is evidence of the failure of current federal range management practices; and WHEREAS, the goal of public rangeland management programs
- [Land and Minerals in 1992](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/land-and-minerals-in-1992/) - Number: 1992-06 WHEREAS, the public lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) contain a host of important wildlife, environmental, ecological, archeological, recreational and aesthetic resources, in addition to a wealth of minerals and other commodity resources; and WHEREAS, the BLM's management practices favor the commercial exploitation of natural resources, such as timber,
- [Lake Superior and Other High Quality Waters](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/lake-superior-and-other-high-quality-waters/) - Number: 1992-10 WHEREAS, Lake Superior is one of the largest freshwater lakes in the world and remains relatively pristine and unpolluted; and WHEREAS, Lake Superior contains a wide variety of unique and sensitive wildlife habitats and also provides important recreational opportunities such as sport fishing and pleasure boating; and WHEREAS, Lake Superior represents a
- [International Trade in 1992](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/international-trade-in-1992/) - Number: 1992-05 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation recognizes that most environmental issues are increasingly global in scope, and that human demand for and use of natural resources relates to environmental deterioration worldwide; and WHEREAS, international trade agreements, such as the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) and the proposed
- [Hydropower Project Licensing and Re-Licensing](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/hydropower-project-licensing-and-re-licensing/) - Number: 1992-19 WHEREAS, the construction and operation of hydroelectric power projects has damaged fisheries, wildlife and recreational resources of many of the nation's rivers and streams, especially at projects that block or hinder the passage of fish and other aquatic species; and WHEREAS, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is now engaged in the
- [Forests and Soils in 1992](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/forests-and-soils-in-1992/) - Number: 1992-04 WHEREAS, the ecologically balanced and sustainable management of our nation's forests is a high priority for the National Wildlife Federation and its affiliates; and WHEREAS, very little of our nation's forests remain in an old growth or ancient forest condition, some 90 percent of the ancient forest ecosystem in the Pacific Northwest
- [Fisheries in 1992](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/fisheries-in-1992/) - Number: 1992-02 WHEREAS, the serious problem of unregulated incidental catch of non-target fish, birds, marine mammals, and other forms of marine life by Asian nation large scale high seas driftnet fleets continues in the North and Central Pacific; and WHEREAS, in 1990 the United Nations passed Resolution 44-255 which bans the use of large
- [Environmental Quality in 1992 Elevating EPA to Cabinet Status](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/environmental-quality-in-1992-elevating-epa-to-cabinet-status/) - Number: 1992-01 WHEREAS, EPA is responsible for implementing 14 major environmental statutes, including those passed to protect this nation's air, land and waters; and WHEREAS, protection of the environment is critical to ensure this nation's economic prosperity and quality of life, as well as the vitality of the global environment; and WHEREAS, the United
- [Energy in 1992](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/energy-in-1992/) - Number: 1992-08 WHEREAS, the Administration has consistently failed to develop and implement a national energy policy based upon the efficient use of energy and the development of safe and renewable sources of energy and stymied all attempts to adopt such an energy policy; and WHEREAS, under the guise of national security and absent the
- [Deauthorization of Quachita-Black River Navigation Project about Sterlington, Louisiana](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/deauthorization-of-quachita-black-river-navigation-project-about-sterlington-louisiana/) - Number: 1992-18 WHEREAS, the Ouachita and Black Rivers Navigation Project was authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of May 1950 and July 1960; and WHEREAS, the authorized project is about 92 percent complete, at a cost of approximately $250,000,000; and WHEREAS, the completion of the project will require the cut-off of 24 river
- [Corporations Must Take the Lead in Promoting Environmentally Sustainable Economic Development Worldwide](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/corporations-must-take-the-lead-in-promoting-environmentally-sustainable-economic-development-worldwide/) - Number: 1992-11 WHEREAS, social, economic and environmental pressures continue to increase worldwide; and WHEREAS, these pressures range from species extinction, deforestation, desertification, soil erosion, wetlands loss, ozone depletion and global climate change, to growing human deprivation brought about by overpopulation, poverty, illiteracy, hunger, homelessness, disease and unsanitary conditions; and WHEREAS, the concept of sustainable
- [Biological Diversity](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1992/04/biological-diversity/) - Number: 1992-22 WHEREAS, the term biological diversity describes the variety and complexity of living things at all levels of integration, including genetic, species, ecological communities and landscapes; and WHEREAS, these elements of biological diversity and the interactions among them are essential to the productive functioning of the earth's ecosystem; and WHEREAS, the loss of
- [Superfund Reauthorization](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1993/04/superfund-reauthorization/) - Number: 1993-01 WHEREAS, Congress enacted the 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) to clean up the numerous uncontrolled and abandoned hazardous waste sites throughout the country which are contaminating the environment and threatening human health and wildlife; and WHEREAS, more than 30,000 inactive and uncontrolled sites have been identified in the
- [Sunsetting Persistent Bioaccumulative Toxic Chemicals](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1993/04/sunsetting-persistent-bioaccumulative-toxic-chemicals/) - Number: 1993-02 WHEREAS, people, terrestrial and aquatic wildlife that eat aquatic organisms from North American waters face a wide range of health risks from toxic pollutants, especially those chemicals that are persistent and that bioaccumulate in the food chain; and WHEREAS, many of the most significant bioaccumulation cases have occurred in aquatic based food
- [Reform of the United States Department of Agriculture's Animal Damage Control Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1993/04/reform-of-the-united-states-department-of-agricultures-animal-damage-control-program/) - Number: 1993-08 WHEREAS, pursuant to the Animal Damage Control Act of 1931, as amended, the Secretary of Agriculture is authorized and directed to control predators and the damage they cause; and WHEREAS, public support for the Animal Damage Control (ADC) program has waned significantly, due to its apparent insensitivity to changing public and scientific
- [Protecting Wildlife and the Environment from the Hazards of Pesticides](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1993/04/protecting-wildlife-and-the-environment-from-the-hazards-of-pesticides/) - Number: 1993-05 WHEREAS, the proliferation of pesticides in the environment has far-reaching effects on all aspects of environmental quality, including soils, surface and ground waters, non-target organisms, wildlife habitats, food chains, and biological diversity; and WHEREAS, the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through the registration and
- [Pollution From Lead Fishing Sinkers](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1993/04/pollution-from-lead-fishing-sinkers/) - Number: 1993-03 WHEREAS, it is widely recognized that lead is a toxicant which adversely affects humans, wildlife and the environment and that considerable regulatory action has been taken to minimize or eliminate exposure to lead; and WHEREAS, less toxic alternatives to lead fishing sinkers and lures are becoming more available in the U.S. through
- [Mass Transit, Environmental Quality and Energy Conservation in Urban/Suburban Areas](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1993/04/mass-transit-environmental-quality-and-energy-conservation-in-urbansuburban-areas/) - Number: 1993-07 WHEREAS, the use of the automobile for the transportation of a single occupant is detrimental to the environmental quality of urban/suburban air, wildlife, open space and water and is a costly and inefficient use of non-renewable energy resources; and WHEREAS, urban person-trips made by automobile are 85%, and the proportion of total
- [Infrastructure Policy](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1993/04/infrastructure-policy/) - Number: 1993-06 WHEREAS, billions of dollars of public monies will continue to be spent on roads, bridges, sewers, drinking water facilities and other infrastructure projects; and WHEREAS, infrastructure construction can and has had immense environmental impacts on wildlife and fisheries habitat, air and water quality, farmland and open space; and WHEREAS, infrastructure placement has
- [Great Lakes Water Quality](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1993/04/great-lakes-water-quality/) - Number: 1993-04 WHEREAS, the Great Lakes are of major environmental and economic importance to the citizens of the U.S.; and WHEREAS, pollution of the Great Lakes, especially by persistent toxic chemicals, has had a detrimental effect on the Great Lakes ecosystem; and WHEREAS, historically, each of the Great Lakes states have set their own
- [Takings Legislation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/takings-legislation/) - Number: 1994-07 WHEREAS, Citizens of the U.S. have a fundamental right to the peaceful enjoyment of their homes, their lands, their neighborhoods, public resource, clean water and fresh air; and WHEREAS, through the course of our nation's history, U.S. citizens have endorsed laws and regulations that protect their basic rights to safe neighborhoods, rights
- [State Authority to Control Waste Importation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/state-authority-to-control-waste-importation/) - Number: 1994-01 WHEREAS, the unrestricted freedom to export waste to other states and nations is a disincentive to waste minimization and environmentally-sound waste management; and WHEREAS, a receiving state/nation normally bears the ultimate responsibility and, therefore, the financial burden of mitigating any problems that may occur due to mismanagement or failure of waste disposal/handling/treatment
- [Stable Non-Game Program Funding](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/stable-non-game-program-funding/) - Number: 1994-13 WHEREAS, watchable fish and wildlife programs can play a valuable role in efforts by state conservation agencies to maintain biological diversity through research, preserve endangered species, manage habitat, restore wildlife and educate the public which enjoys outdoor recreations; and WHEREAS, surveys demonstrate that 76.1 million adults in the U.S. are actively involved
- [Sea Lamprey Control Funding](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/sea-lamprey-control-funding/) - Number: 1994-03 WHEREAS, populations of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) have been increasing for many years in the Great Lakes; and WHEREAS, annual federal allocations to the Great Lakes Fishery Commission have fallen well short of the levels needed to effectively administer a control program; and WHEREAS, this annual shortfall in funding has resulted
- [Pittman-Robertson](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/pittman-robertson/) - Number: 1994-14 WHEREAS, the Congress of the United States of America did, in 1937, pass a bill entitled Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act (Pittman-Robertson); and WHEREAS, this Act was originally conceived, supported, and promoted by a coalition of sportspersons, sporting arms manufacturers, and fish and wildlife agencies; and WHEREAS, the principal purpose of
- [Expansion of the National and Territorial Park System in the Virgin Islands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/expansion-of-the-national-and-territorial-park-system-in-the-virgin-islands/) - Number: 1994-08 WHEREAS, the land and waters of the United States Virgin Islands contain some of the few tropical ecosystems found in the United States, including coral reefs, mangrove areas, moist tropical forest, and tropical rainforest; and WHEREAS, these ecosystems and habitats, some having the highest degree of biodiversity found anywhere on the planet,
- [Environmentally Sustainable Development: A National Goal](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/environmentally-sustainable-development-a-national-goal/) - Number: 1994-11 WHEREAS, the concept of environmentally sustainable development, based on the premise that the present generation of humans should meet its needs in ways that do not deprive future generations of the ability to meet their own needs, is gaining widespread understanding and acceptance; and WHEREAS, this fundamental obligation has been recognized by
- [Environmental Reform of International Trade](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/environmental-reform-of-international-trade/) - Number: 1994-10 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation embraces the concept of environmentally sustainable development and includes it implicitly in its mission statement; and WHEREAS, domestic and international policies which provide opportunities for enhancing economic growth and environmental protection are necessary to promote environmentally sustainable development; and WHEREAS, international trade is a vital component of
- [Continuation and Expansion of the Conservation Reserve Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/continuation-and-expansion-of-the-conservation-reserve-program/) - Number: 1994-04 WHEREAS, the Conservation Reserve Program was authorized by the Food Security Act of 1985 with the objective to reduce soil erosion by wind and water, reduce sedimentation and improve water quality, reduce excess production, protect long-term food producing capability, create and improve wildlife habitat; and WHEREAS, the Conservation Reserve Program has resulted
- [Causes of Common Loon Mortality](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/causes-of-common-loon-mortality/) - Number: 1994-02 WHEREAS, there are human-induced causes of mortality and other sub-lethal effects for the common loon (Gavia immer), including, but not limited to oil spills, shoreline development, acidification of lakes, entrapment in commercial gill and trap nets, lead poisoning, and other human-induced causes of loon mortality and morbidity; and WHEREAS, there are many
- [Alternative Papermaking Fibers](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/alternative-papermaking-fibers/) - Number: 1994-05 WHEREAS, 87% to 95% of Oregon's ancient forests have already been destroyed and at the current rate of destruction, the remainder will be destroyed in ten years; and WHEREAS, Oregon and the balance of the U.S. have and will continue to have a continuing need for pulp and paper products; and WHEREAS,
- [Adverse Environmental Impacts of the Estate Tax Laws on Sustainable Forest Management of Private Forest Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/adverse-environmental-impacts-of-the-estate-tax-laws-on-sustainable-forest-management-of-private-forest-lands/) - Number: 1994-06 WHEREAS, nearly one-fourth of timberland in the United States is in non-industrial private holdings larger than 100 acres; and WHEREAS, the use of economic incentives to motivate private parties to conserve important habitat on private lands is especially compelling when land ownership patterns and the distribution of endangered species in the United
- [50th Anniversary of the Bretton Woods Institutions](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/50th-anniversary-of-the-bretton-woods-institutions/) - Number: 1994-12 WHEREAS, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) were founded at an international conference held at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire in July 1944, and are thus known as the "Bretton Woods Institutions"; and WHEREAS, 1994 is the fiftieth anniversary of their founding, and it is therefore appropriate to recall the
- [1994 International Conference on Population and Development](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1994/04/1994-international-conference-on-population-and-development/) - Number: 1994-09 WHEREAS, the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), to take place in Cairo, Egypt in September, 1994, will be the first major United Nations conference since the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (the "Earth Summit") to address international action affecting sustainable development, including population, environmental preservation and overconsumption of
- [Wildlife Diversity Funding Initiative](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/wildlife-diversity-funding-initiative/) - Number: 1995-11 WHEREAS, Americans have a growing interest in observing and enjoying wildlife in its natural habitat; and WHEREAS, more and more Americans are becoming interested in wildlife conservation, recreation and education; and WHEREAS, we lack critical knowledge about the vast majority of wildlife species and the habitats they depend on for survival; and
- [U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Mississippi River and Tributaries Project](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/u-s-army-corps-of-engineers-mississippi-river-and-tributaries-project/) - Number: 1995-12 WHEREAS, the mainline levee portion of the Mississippi River and Tributaries (MR&T) project has resulted in the loss of hundreds of thousands of acres of bottomland forests in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Missouri, and Kentucky; and WHEREAS, The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps), Vicksburg District, proposes to continue work on the
- [Public Land Trades](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/public-land-trades/) - Number: 1995-06 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation and its state affiliates have been active in the various public land trades which affect wildlife habitat; and WHEREAS, public land trades are inherently pursued by large landowners or well financed, often corporate, investors; and WHEREAS, the disposition of public lands often benefit the public, but also
- [Protecting Alaska's Wetlands and Section 904 of the Clean Water Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/protecting-alaskas-wetlands-and-section-904-of-the-clean-water-act/) - Number: 1995-05 WHEREAS, 63%, or 175 million acres, of the nation's remaining wetlands are in Alaska; and WHEREAS, 38% of the nation's total coastline is in Alaska; and WHEREAS, Alaska's wetlands provide essential breeding and feeding habitat for an enormous variety and abundance of migratory birds, shorebirds and waterfowl -- including the endangered American
- [Partners in Flight](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/partners-in-flight/) - Number: 1995-10 WHEREAS, many species of breeding birds in North America have experienced consistent population declines during the last 25 years according to results from the Breeding Bird Survey, Breeding Bird Census plots, and independent studies; and WHEREAS, population declines have been especially alarming among neotropical migratory birds, those birds that nest in North
- [Pacific Northwest Wild Salmon and Steelhead](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/pacific-northwest-wild-salmon-and-steelhead/) - Number: 1995-03 WHEREAS, wild salmon and steelhead of the Pacific Northwest are the lifeblood of healthful watersheds and the culture of Indian tribes, as well as an important part of the American sports and commercial fishing industries; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has resolved for two decades to advocate the recovery and protection
- [Northern Forest Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/northern-forest-lands/) - Number: 1995-08 WHEREAS, the 26 million acres of forest stretching across Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York is the largest unbroken forest in the eastern United States; and WHEREAS, the United States Congress and the four Northern Forest states have recognized the forest as a resource of national significance; and WHEREAS, change in
- [North Cascades Ecosystem](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/north-cascades-ecosystem/) - Number: 1995-07 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is committed to the protection of viable ecosystems; and WHEREAS, the North Cascades ecosystem extends from the Snoqualmie River in Washington State north to the Fraser River in British Columbia, from the Columbia River in eastern Washington to the Puget Sound; and WHEREAS, the public land within
- [Mississippi River Navigation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/mississippi-river-navigation/) - Number: 1995-09 WHEREAS, the Mississippi River is a national historic and ecological treasure; is home to a diverse array of fish, other wildlife and plants, is a critical migration corridor for millions of birds and serves as a prime vehicle for recreational and economic interests as well; and WHEREAS, this great river basin encompasses
- [Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/energy-conservation-and-energy-efficiency/) - Number: 1995-01 WHEREAS, the generation of energy uses our natural resources; and WHEREAS, energy production can create adverse effects upon our environment either in the form of pollutants which reach the waters, land, fish and wildlife; or which cause temperature differentials affecting aquatic organisms; hard to dispose of wastes; and increases in carbon dioxide
- [Conservation Priorities for the 1995 Farm Bill](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/conservation-priorities-for-the-1995-farm-bill/) - Number: 1995-02 WHEREAS, the Food, Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act (Farm Bill) is scheduled for reauthorization in 1995; and WHEREAS, the 1995 Farm Bill will have an enormous impact on the quality of our Nation's soil and water resources, abundance and quality of fish and wildlife habitat, and health and safety of food products;
- [Columbia River Basin](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1995/04/columbia-river-basin/) - Number: 1995-04 WHEREAS, the Interior Columbia River Basin (the watershed of the Columbia River above Bonneville Dam, east of the Cascade Mountains, comprising portions of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah and Nevada), as well as portions of the Klamath River Basin and Great Basin in the state of Oregon, encompass lands and waters
- [Water Resources Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/water-resources-management/) - Number: 1996-04 WHEREAS, water is essential for all life, and the water necessary to sustain life is a limited resource upon which our nation's economic, social, and environmental well-being depend; and WHEREAS, water management is a complex science that demands high levels of interdisciplinary coordination and professional expertise; and WHEREAS, development and management of
- [Virgin Islands Public Land Protection and Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/virgin-islands-public-land-protection-and-management/) - Number: 1996-07 WHEREAS, the Territory of the United States Virgin Islands has asked the federal government to transfer ownership to the Territory of a significant portion of federal lands within the Territory, including undeveloped and environmentally sensitive lands; and WHEREAS, the Territory of the United States Virgin Islands presently possesses significant holdings of environmentally
- [The Congressional Conservation Caucus](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/the-congressional-conservation-caucus/) - Number: 1996-06 WHEREAS, the United States Congress has, for over a hundred years, demonstrated a commitment to conservation, beginning with the designation of Yellowstone as a national park, and continuing through the years with the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act, Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Act, Land and Water Conservation Fund Act, Clean
- [The Atmosphere as a Source of Water Pollution](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/the-atmosphere-as-a-source-of-water-pollution/) - Number: 1996-02 WHEREAS, the Great Lakes, Lake Champlain, Chesapeake Bay, Puget Sound and coastal areas are precious natural and economic resources and are singled out for protection from pollution under the "Great Waters" provisions of the U.S. 1990 Clean Air Act; and WHEREAS, poisonous pollutants and nutrients are put into the air by power
- [Shooting Range Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/shooting-range-protection/) - Number: 1996-09 WHEREAS, many of the National Wildlife Federation (NWF) affiliates maintain non-governmental shooting ranges throughout the United States; and WHEREAS, the NWF believes that ethical and safe hunting requires practice at ranges to develop proficiency with firearms and bow; that shooting sports are a valid family outdoor recreational activity; and further recognizes the
- [Salmon, Steelhead, and Dams in the Pacific Northwest](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/salmon-steelhead-and-dams-in-the-pacific-northwest/) - Number: 1996-03 WHEREAS, less than one percent of historic wild salmon and steelhead returned to the Columbia Basin in 1995; and WHEREAS, wild salmon and steelhead are in danger of extinction in the Columbia Basin primarily because of the existence of dams on the lower Snake and Columbia Rivers; and WHEREAS, nearly all scientists
- [Resolution to Protect and Preserve the Hanford Reach Area of the Columbia River Basin](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/resolution-to-protect-and-preserve-the-hanford-reach-area-of-the-columbia-river-basin/) - Number: 1996-05 WHEREAS, the U.S. Department of Energy's property along the only remaining free-flowing portion of the Columbia River known as the Hanford Reach consists of 90,000 acres of some of the best shrub-steppe habitat remaining in Washington State; and WHEREAS, the fifty-one miles of the Columbia River comprising the Hanford Reach is home
- [Resolution for the Encouragement of Citizens' Commission Authority Over State and Wildlife Resources](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/resolution-for-the-encouragement-of-citizens-commission-authority-over-state-and-wildlife-resources/) - Number: 1996-14 WHEREAS, radical, and often temporary, shifts in state political leadership can lead to changes in wildlife policies, based on politics rather than sound professional wildlife management; and WHEREAS, these changes or policies, even if temporary, can lead to rapid, and possibly irreparable, damage to wildlife resources; and WHEREAS, commercial and recreational interests
- [Population and the Environment](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/population-and-the-environment-2/) - Number: 1996-10 WHEREAS, failure to stabilize the Earth's human population at reasonable and sustainable levels will have dangerous consequences for people, wildlife and our natural resources; and WHEREAS, "The earth is finite. Its ability to absorb wastes and destructive effluent is finite. Its ability to provide food and energy is finite. Its ability to
- [Management of Wild Bison and Elk within the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem: Brucellosis in Wild Ungulates](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/management-of-wild-bison-and-elk-within-the-greater-yellowstone-ecosystem-brucellosis-in-wild-ungulates/) - Number: 1996-08 WHEREAS, both wild bison and wild elk in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) are natural resources of national significance; and WHEREAS, the GYE is comprised of unique areas in northwest Wyoming, northeast Idaho, and southern Montana; and WHEREAS, federal and state attempts to cooperatively manage wild bison and elk herds in the
- [Management of Furbearers](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/management-of-furbearers/) - Number: 1996-12 WHEREAS, this Nation has a valuable furbearer resource and trapping is an economic asset, socially acceptable, and has cultural and historical values for trappers, farmers, landowners and Native Americans; and WHEREAS, trapping is used to harvest surpluses of wild animals for their pelts and food values and to control overpopulation and control
- [Interpretation of Fish and Wildlife Laws](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/interpretation-of-fish-and-wildlife-laws/) - Number: 1996-13 WHEREAS, the strong enforcement of fish and wildlife laws is an essential component of fish and wildlife conservation; and WHEREAS, the complexity of fish and wildlife laws and the involvement of many agencies in fish and wildlife enforcement can lead to misunderstanding and difficulty for the law-abiding sportspersons to comply with; and
- [Environmental Quality in 1996](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/environmental-quality-in-1996/) - Number: 1996-01 WHEREAS, this year marks the 60th Anniversary of the National Wildlife Federation--whose members have long been committed to the conservation and good stewardship of natural resources, to the protection of wildlife habitat and to preserving and enhancing public health and the environment; and WHEREAS, significant progress has been made towards these goals
- [Environmental and Human Rights Abuses in Nigeria](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1996/04/environmental-and-human-rights-abuses-in-nigeria/) - Number: 1996-11 WHEREAS, multinational oil companies, particularly the Shell Petroleum Development Company, have been pumping oil in Nigeria since 1958 (with Shell and Chevron alone having extracted $30 billion worth of oil) while the local people until recently received no royalties or other compensation; and WHEREAS, the people of the Ogoni region of Nigeria live
- [Sustainable National Forest Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1997/04/sustainable-national-forest-management/) - Number: 1997-04 WHEREAS, the United States manages over 170 million acres of National Forests and national grasslands under the U.S. Forest Service; and WHEREAS, the U.S. Forest Service should provide leadership nationally and internationally in sustainable forest management; and WHEREAS, the United States made an international commitment in 1994 to achieve sustainable management of
- [Protecting Citizens against "SLAPPs"](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1997/04/protecting-citizens-against-slapps/) - Number: 1997-10 WHEREAS, constitutional rights to freedom of speech and to petition government for a redress of grievances are critical for allowing citizens to engage in responsible debate about ecological and human health threats in their communities; and WHEREAS, Strategic Litigation Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPPs) are lawsuits intended to harass or intimidate into
- [Nuclear Waste Storage Proposal on U.S. Pacific Islands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1997/04/nuclear-waste-storage-proposal-on-u-s-pacific-islands/) - Number: 1997-08 WHEREAS, a private company has proposed to build a nuclear waste storage facility on Palmyra Island or Wake Island in the Pacific Ocean and seeks federal exemption from environmental and safety regulations, said proposal being titled "The Private Storage Facility Authorization Act of 1996;" and WHEREAS, this proposal would be for 200,000
- [Management of Fish and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1997/04/management-of-fish-and-wildlife/) - Number: 1997-05 WHEREAS, many Americans and members of the National Wildlife Federation and its affiliates enjoy hunting, fishing and trapping and wildlife viewing and desire to protect and preserve their ability to engage in these recreational activities; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has long recognized the vital role that sportsmen and sportswomen play
- [International Trade in Fish and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1997/04/international-trade-in-fish-and-wildlife/) - Number: 1997-02 WHEREAS, humankind's increasing incursions into global ecosystems including forests, oceans and waterways is causing unprecedented impact on fish and wildlife populations, species extinction and natural habitat depletion; and WHEREAS, resident people in virtually all developing nations with wild habitat are motivated by their own need for income to engage in the killing
- [Growth Management Resolution](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1997/04/growth-management-resolution/) - Number: 1997-03 WHEREAS, the quality of our ambient environment--particularly our natural landscapes with woodlands, wetlands, ponds, lakes, and free-flowing streams and rivers-- is a critical element of our quality of life and continued economic prosperity; and WHEREAS, such natural features comprise essential habitat for the plants and animals that we enjoy for their beauty
- [Fish and Wildlife Law Enforcement](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1997/04/fish-and-wildlife-law-enforcement/) - Number: 1997-01 WHEREAS, at the federal level, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)has responsibility for law enforcement relative to all wildlife import violations as well as a wide range of violations of fish, wildlife and game laws within the United States and its territories; and WHEREAS, state departments of fish and wildlife
- [Federal Animal Waste Regulation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1997/04/federal-animal-waste-regulation/) - Number: 1997-09 WHEREAS, pollution from feedlots is now a major pollution problem, polluting one-quarter of rivers and streams impaired by agriculture; and WHEREAS, catastrophic spills from large feedlots have polluted the rivers and streams of states that include North Carolina, Iowa, Minnesota, pothole regions of North and South Dakota, and Missouri, killing hundreds of
- [Environmental Factors belong in the Decision Mix of Private Sector Lender and Investors](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1997/04/environmental-factors-belong-in-the-decision-mix-of-private-sector-lender-and-investors/) - Number: 1997-06 WHEREAS, the total amount of development funding from all industrialized nations and the multilateral development banks (MDBs) has remained relatively stagnant over the past 15 years, having around $55 to $60 billion dollars per year; and WHEREAS, the dollar amount of investments and loans in developing countries and the former Soviet bloc
- [Electric Utility Deregulation and Air/Water Pollution](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1997/04/electric-utility-deregulation-and-airwater-pollution/) - Number: 1997-07 WHEREAS, the electric utility industry has a major impact on the environment. Burning coal and other fossil fuels for electricity generation is a significant source of atmospheric pollutants, including sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxides, particulate matter, and toxic heavy metals. Air emissions of mercury from coal-fired power plants have been identified
- [Federal Land and Water Conservation Fund](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/federal-land-and-water-conservation-fund/) - Number: 1998-03 WHEREAS, the Federal Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) was established in 1965 by Congress to preserve, develop and assure that all Americans have access to quality outdoor recreation to strengthen the health and vitality of the citizens of the United States; and WHEREAS, the key goals of these funds were to:
- [Saving our Watersheds Using Total Maximum Daily Loads](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/saving-our-watersheds-using-total-maximum-daily-loads/) - Number: 1998-14 WHEREAS, non-point (or diffuse) sources of pollution, such as runoff, airborne sources, contaminated groundwater, and contaminated sediments, have become the nation's largest water quality problem, causing many of our rivers, lakes, and beaches to be unsafe for swimming, fishing, and wildlife; and WHEREAS, more than half the nation's 2,000 major watersheds are
- [Risk Assessment and Regulatory Reform](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/risk-assessment-and-regulatory-reform/) - Number: 1998-15 WHEREAS, state and federal environmental laws have been put in place to protect public health and the quality of our natural environment; and WHEREAS, there is an increasing trend to require formal risk assessment and cost-benefit analysis as a decision making tool in developing and reviewing environmental regulations implementing these laws; and
- [Retire the Four Lower Snake River Dams](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/retire-the-four-lower-snake-river-dams/) - Number: 1998-04 WHEREAS, coho salmon in the Snake River basin were declared extinct in 1988, sockeye salmon in the Snake River basin were listed as an endangered species in 1991, spring and summer chinook salmon were listed as a threatened species in 1992, and steelhead trout in the Snake River basin were listed as
- [Protection of the Arctic Ecosystem](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/protection-of-the-arctic-ecosystem/) - Number: 1998-16 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is the nation's largest conservation education organization and is dedicated to protecting our environment and conserving and restoring wildlife and their habitats; and WHEREAS, the mid-continent population of lesser snow geese (Chen caerulescens) is a valuable waterfowl resource of international importance that has increased dramatically in the
- [Opposition to Mining Near Ofekenokee Swamp](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/opposition-to-mining-near-ofekenokee-swamp/) - Number: 1998-18 WHEREAS, the citizens of the United States of America are the owners of our federal public lands and, by law, have a say in how our National Wildlife Refuges are managed; and WHEREAS, the Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge is one of the great, intact, freshwater wetlands left on the planet, encompassing nearly
- [Ocklawaha River Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/ocklawaha-river-restoration/) - Number: 1998-19 WHEREAS, the Ocklawaha River is one of the oldest, most biologically diverse and most beautiful rivers in Florida and is the largest tributary of the St. Johns River; and WHEREAS, the Ocklawaha River floodplain forest is among the most structurally complex and species-rich of Florida's swamps, providing habitat for numerous rare and
- [National Forest Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/national-forest-management/) - Number: 1998-08 WHEREAS, the National Forest Management Act requires the Forest Service to protect soils and watersheds on national forests; and WHEREAS, Forest Service logging practices can alter forest habitat types and affect the composition of forests; and WHEREAS, the General Accounting Office has documented that the Forest Service is losing money on its
- [Hydro-electric Expansion on Native and Wild Lands in the Province of Quebec](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/hydro-electric-expansion-on-native-and-wild-lands-in-the-province-of-quebec/) - Number: 1998-12 WHEREAS, Hydro-Quebec, the provincial power utility, is competing in the United States power market with current bulk sales of power to utilities in New York and New England and recently received Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) approval to sell electricity without regulatory oversight to utilities, to the new "power exchanges" now being
- [Habitat Conservation Plans](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/habitat-conservation-plans/) - Number: 1998-01 WHEREAS, over 1,100 plant and animal species in the U.S. have been listed as threatened or endangered pursuant to the Endangered Species Act (ESA), and many additional U.S. species are imperiled or likely to become imperiled in the near future in the absence of increased conservation measures; and WHEREAS, more than half
- [Global Climate Change and Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/global-climate-change-and-conservation/) - Number: 1998-10 WHEREAS, human-induced climate change, caused by emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, exacerbates the uncertainties associated with preserving endangered species and wetlands, and maintaining public lands, clean water and sustainable communities -- areas of special concern to the National Wildlife Federation, and could have catastrophic consequences for mankind and the
- [Game Food for the Hungry](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/game-food-for-the-hungry/) - Number: 1998-09 WHEREAS, the harvest of game through regulated hunting has provided humans with wholesome recreation as well as a source of quality food; and WHEREAS, throughout the nation, populations of whitetail deer have increased to the point where there are estimated to be over 18 million whitetail deer; and WHEREAS, this growth in
- [Federal Aid for Wildlife Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/federal-aid-for-wildlife-conservation/) - Number: 1998-02 WHEREAS, many states currently are providing free or discounted hunting licenses, fishing licenses, tags, permits, stamps, etc., to certain segments of society such as people over 65 years old, 100 percent social security disabled, military disabled, railroad workers disabled, teachers disabled and other such groups; and WHEREAS, in most cases, this practice
- [Establishment of the Grand Kankakee Marsh National Wildlife Refuge](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/establishment-of-the-grand-kankakee-marsh-national-wildlife-refuge/) - Number: 1998-05 WHEREAS, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service has proposed a 30,000 acre National Wildlife Refuge on the Kankakee River in Indiana and Illinois; and WHEREAS, the Grand Kankakee Marsh was once located in the Kankakee River watershed in Indiana and was one of the largest inland marshes in the world, comprising
- [Eco-Labeling & Environmental Certification Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/eco-labeling-environmental-certification-programs/) - Number: 1998-11 WHEREAS, eco-labeling and/or environmental certification programs are an emerging conservation tool, enabling consumers to choose products and services that cause less damage to the environment, and that make a positive statement that identifies such products and services as less harmful to the environment; and WHEREAS, eco-labeling and/or environmental certification programs are recognized
- [Consumptive-Use Education](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/consumptive-use-education/) - Number: 1998-06 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation recognizes the need for scientific management of our wildlife and associated natural resources; and WHEREAS, use of ballot initiatives as a wildlife management tool is increasing; and WHEREAS, many members of the public, especially the non- hunting and non-fishing public, are not aware of the details of
- [Building a Sustainable Land Stewardship Ethic in America](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/building-a-sustainable-land-stewardship-ethic-in-america/) - Number: 1998-07 WHEREAS, nearly 70 percent of the land in America is in private hands, and half of America's land is owned and managed by farmers, ranchers, and their families; and WHEREAS, more than two-thirds of America's forests are in private hands; and WHEREAS, nearly 75 percent of America's remaining wetland acres are on
- [Argenta Marsh Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/argenta-marsh-restoration/) - Number: 1998-17 WHEREAS, the Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Department of the Interior, operates 348 reservoirs, 58 hydroelectric projects, and more than 300 recreation sites, while holding title for the American people to roughly eight million acres of federal public lands in the 17 western states; and WHEREAS, the Bureau of Reclamation has defined as
- [1998 Year of the Oceans](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1998/04/1998-year-of-the-oceans/) - Number: 1998-13 WHEREAS, the United Nations declared 1998 as the Year of the Oceans, in recognition of the many challenges and opportunities facing the world's oceans; and WHEREAS, oceans cover about 70 percent of the earth's surface and are important and relevant to all Americans because watersheds in which we live eventually drain into
- [Support of Safer Plutonium and Nuclear Waste Shipping Practices](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/support-of-safer-plutonium-and-nuclear-waste-shipping-practices/) - Number: 1999-16 WHEREAS, the shipment of plutonium and nuclear waste creates an inherent increase in the risks associated with plutonium and such waste to the people and environment along the shipping routes; and WHEREAS, the government of Japan presently ships its nuclear waste to England and France, where it is processed into plutonium and
- [Support of Protecting Costa Rica's Wild and Scenic Waters](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/support-of-protecting-costa-ricas-wild-and-scenic-waters/) - Number: 1999-12 WHEREAS, growing numbers of citizens of the United States are learning that the construction of hydro-electric dams in the country has had a tremendous detrimental impact upon regional economies and the environment; and WHEREAS, the construction of hydro-electric dams has threatened the existence of numerous important species, from the Steelhead Trout and
- [Smart Growth](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/smart-growth/) - Number: 1999-09 WHEREAS, the United States government spends significant amounts of money every year through direct appropriations of tax dollars, subsidized principal and interest costs, and through foregone tax revenue on small and large-scale development in the public, not-for-profit, and private sectors; and WHEREAS, these development projects - financed directly with government funding, through
- [Schoolyard Wildlife Habitats](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/schoolyard-wildlife-habitats/) - Number: 1999-01 WHEREAS, America and the world are faced with threats to biodiversity due to habitat loss and destruction which threatens the lives and well-being of all humans and wildlife; and WHEREAS, most of these problems are caused or aggravated by a poorly informed society; and WHEREAS, these habitat loss issues can be solved,
- [Restoration, Management and Protection of the Greater Florida Everglades Ecosystem](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/restoration-management-and-protection-of-the-greater-florida-everglades-ecosystem/) - Number: 1999-19 WHEREAS, the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, which includes the Upper Chain of Lakes, Kissimmee River Drainage Basin, Lake Okeechobee, the Caloosahatchee and St. Lucie estuaries and their drainage basins, the historic Everglades, the Big Cypress Watershed, Florida Bay, the Ten Thousand Islands and the Florida Keys, historically represented one of the world's largest
- [Proposed Revision of Federal Nationwide Wetland Permits](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/proposed-revision-of-federal-nationwide-wetland-permits/) - Number: 1999-20 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has long recognized the value of wetlands for critical fish and wildlife habitat, flood control, groundwater recharge, removing pollutants from water and for erosion control; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has worked for and supported wetlands protection and restoration; and WHEREAS, over half of the original
- [Problem of Light Pollution](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/problem-of-light-pollution/) - Number: 1999-05 WHEREAS, all seven of the earth's species of sea turtles are seriously threatened with extinction; and WHEREAS, artificial lighting significantly increases the incidence of injury and death to sea turtles and therefore poses a threat to their survival and recovery; mother sea turtles disoriented by artificial lighting from buildings, street lights, beach
- [Payment in Lieu of Taxes to Counties](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/payment-in-lieu-of-taxes-to-counties/) - Number: 1999-06 WHEREAS, the federal government has a legal commitment to make annual payments to counties, called Payment in Lieu of Taxes (PILT), in order to compensate for federal land and associated impacts within the counties and these funds are, among other purposes, used to maintain roads that provide recreational access to public land
- [Lake Superior: Protecting Pure Waters](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/lake-superior-protecting-pure-waters/) - Number: 1999-13 WHEREAS, Lake Superior is one of the world's crown jewels. The lake's ecosystem is the most wild, pristine, undeveloped and unpolluted of the Great Lakes. Lake Superior is one of the largest freshwater lakes in the world, containing three quadrillion gallons of water (ten percent of the world's fresh surface water). Lake
- [Incorporating Environmental Considerations Into the Financing of Real Estate Transactions by Private Financial Institutions](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/incorporating-environmental-considerations-into-the-financing-of-real-estate-transactions-by-private-financial-institutions/) - Number: 1999-08 WHEREAS, unplanned development and sprawl has significant environmental and economic impacts that threaten drinking water, fragment or destroy natural habitat, and cause other serious environmental degradation; and WHEREAS, new housing tracts and commercial development are continuing to move at alarming rates even deeper into environmentally sensitive and valuable areas; and WHEREAS, the
- [Greater Okefenokee Ecosystem](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/greater-okefenokee-ecosystem/) - Number: 1999-02 WHEREAS, the Greater Okefenokee Ecosystem, situated in South Georgia and North Florida, includes the Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge, one of the great intact wetlands left on the planet, that serves as the headwaters for a richly diverse mosaic of uplands, riparian wetlands, and estuaries known as the Pinhook Swamp, Osceola National Forest,
- [Grassland Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/grassland-protection/) - Number: 1999-07 WHEREAS, short, mixed and tall grass prairies are one of the most endangered and fragmented ecosystems in North America; and WHEREAS, a vast majority of the nation's historic short, mixed and tall grass prairies have disappeared due to habitat loss associated with conversion to crop lands, grazing lands, and human development such
- [Environmental Impacts of Federal Government Projects](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/environmental-impacts-of-federal-government-projects/) - Number: 1999-10 WHEREAS, the federal government is involved in the construction of facilities and land development in the United States each year through its departments and financing agencies; and WHEREAS, all of these office buildings, warehouses, single-family houses, apartment buildings, laboratories, barns, water treatment facilities, highways, recreation facilities, industrial parks and other developments have
- [Copper River Delta](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/copper-river-delta/) - Number: 1999-18 WHEREAS, the Copper River Delta, located at the confluence of the Copper River and the Gulf of Alaska, is one of the nation's wetland crown jewels, a place of spectacular beauty and uncompromising wildness that encompasses 700,000 acres and is the largest wetlands complex on the Pacific coast of North America; and
- [Contraception as a Tool for Managing Free Ranging Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/contraception-as-a-tool-for-managing-free-ranging-wildlife/) - Number: 1999-04 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has long recognized that scientifically based and professionally managed hunting, trapping, and fishing are effective and legitimate methods of controlling and maintaining healthy wildlife populations; and WHEREAS, contraception has not been demonstrated to be a feasible method of controlling free-ranging populations of game animals; and WHEREAS, more
- [Conservation and Management of the Atchafalaya Basin Swamp](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/conservation-and-management-of-the-atchafalaya-basin-swamp/) - Number: 1999-17 WHEREAS, the Lower Atchafalaya Basin Floodway located in south central Louisiana is the largest river overflow swamp wetland complex in the country, consisting of over one-half million acres of public and private lands and waters that are a haven for fish and wildlife and outdoor recreation; and WHEREAS, the Atchafalaya Basin Swamp
- [Conservation and Enhancement of the Lower Mississippi River Basin](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/conservation-and-enhancement-of-the-lower-mississippi-river-basin/) - Number: 1999-03 WHEREAS, the lower Mississippi River Basin historically featured approximately 21 million acres of unique bottom and hardwood forests and associated wetland wildlife habitats; and WHEREAS, the biologically rich region of Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi encompasses 96 percent of the remaining forested wetlands along the Mississippi River, but, due to tremendous losses in
- [Community Sustainability](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/community-sustainability/) - Number: 1999-11 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has consistently promoted trade and investment agreements that work actively to enhance environmental protection and improve the lives of people and their communities (Resolutions 1994, #10; 1992, #5; 1991, #4); and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has also encouraged corporations to conduct themselves in a manner that
- [Coastal Habitat](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/coastal-habitat/) - Number: 1999-14 WHEREAS, protection of coastal and estuarine habitats, and the coastal basins and inland ecosystems they depend on, is essential for the long-term health and sustainability of our nation's fisheries, waterfowl, and the world's oceans; and WHEREAS, sea grass meadows and kelp beds sustain diverse ecosystems which nurture fish, shellfish, migratory and non-migratory
- [Amphibian Malformations and Declining Amphibian Populations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/1999/04/amphibian-malformations-and-declining-amphibian-populations/) - Number: 1999-15 WHEREAS, scientists have documented significant declines in amphibian populations worldwide over the past 15 years; and WHEREAS, in the United States, reported amphibian declines have been greatest in the southern states and California; and WHEREAS, schoolchildren from the New Country School in Minnesota found a significant number of malformed frogs on a
- [Woodlands and Wildlife Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/woodlands-and-wildlife-management/) - Number: 2000-04 WHEREAS, at its meeting in Washington, D.C., in 1973, the National Wildlife Federation passed Resolution 16 stating "a sincere and deep interest in the proper management of the Nation's woodlands and wildlife"; and WHEREAS, much of the remaining high-quality forest habitat is on federal lands; and WHEREAS, unlike private forest lands that
- [Wildlife Disease Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/wildlife-disease-management/) - Number: 2000-02 WHEREAS, our nation's wildlife belong to its citizens and is held for them, in trust, by the state and federal governments; and WHEREAS, the management of our nation's wildlife has traditionally and appropriately been under the authority of state and federal wildlife and fishery professionals; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has
- [Protection of the Apalachicola, Chattachoochee-Flint (ACF) and Alabama-Coosa-Tallapoosa (ACT) River Basins](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/protection-of-the-apalachicola-chattachoochee-flint-acf-and-alabama-coosa-tallapoosa-act-river-basins/) - Number: 2000-14 WHEREAS, the Alabama, Florida and Georgia interstate water allocation process of the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) and the Alabama-Coosa-Tallapoosa (ACT) is one of the first such agreements in the eastern United States and could set precedents for similar agreements; and WHEREAS, Apalachicola Bay is at the mouth of the ACF basin and is one
- [Proper Management of Non-Motorized Recreational Trails](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/proper-management-of-non-motorized-recreational-trails/) - Number: 2000-09 WHEREAS, recreational trails for non-motorized use are increasingly being developed and being used by the public for purposes of recreation, education, transportation, aesthetics, and physical and social enjoyment; and WHEREAS, recreational trails have the potential to negatively impact wildlife and their habitats through direct human-wildlife conflicts, habitat fragmentation, disruption of migration corridors,
- [Prescribed Burning as a Tool for Ecosystem Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/prescribed-burning-as-a-tool-for-ecosystem-management/) - Number: 2000-05 WHEREAS, fire was used by Native Americans to influence particular forest ecosystems; and WHEREAS, settlement, development and a variety of land-management practices, including fire prevention and suppression, have dramatically altered or eliminated historic fire regimes; and WHEREAS, prevention and suppression of fire result in the accumulation of fuel, which can result in
- [Partnerships for the Restoration and Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/partnerships-for-the-restoration-and-conservation/) - Number: 2000-07 WHEREAS, the extensive former grassland and prairie ecosystems are among the most threatened ecosystems in North America as a consequence of conversion to plowed agricultural land, degradation by livestock overgrazing, urban sprawl, and fragmentation; and WHEREAS, the restoration of these systems to more naturally functioning conditions is a priority that should be
- [Mississippi River 2000](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/mississippi-river-2000/) - Number: 2000-13 WHEREAS, the Mississippi River Watershed stretches from the continental divide to the Appalachian Mountains, or about 40 percent of the United States; and WHEREAS, the Mississippi River carries a very heavy load of silt, pesticides, fertilizer, and other chemicals; and WHEREAS, an estimated 1.75 million tons of nitrogen are added to the
- [Invasive Species](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/invasive-species/) - Number: 2000-01 WHEREAS, some non-indigenous invasive plants, animals and other organisms have an adverse impact upon indigenous communities by reducing available light, water, nutrients, and space and can cause other long term changes in the area's hydrology, soil chemistry and erodibility, and the frequency of fires; and WHEREAS, some introduced non-indigenous plants, animals and
- [Habitat/Wildlife Protection and Open Space Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/habitatwildlife-protection-and-open-space-conservation/) - Number: 2000-08 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has consistently supported the concept of "smart growth" and slowing urban sprawl, and has noted that unplanned development adversely impacts wildlife habitat, has disastrous impacts on the environment and often occurs as the result of infrastructure and financial incentives (1999-08 and 09, 1998-07, 1997-03); and WHEREAS, indicators
- [Farm Safety Net](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/farm-safety-net/) - Number: 2000-15 WHEREAS, a majority of the American landscape is privately owned and it is the responsibility of all Americans to be good stewards of the land for the benefit of future generations and the environment; and WHEREAS, farmers are important stewards of the land and water; and WHEREAS, conservation of our land and
- [Environmental Tax Shifting](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/environmental-tax-shifting/) - Number: 2000-10 WHEREAS, many species of wildlife are threatened by loss of habitat, degradation of water supplies, and the effects of climate change resulting from human activities; and WHEREAS, the true costs imposed by many activities that cause pollution, loss of wildlife habitat, or contribute to climate change or the depletion of natural resources
- [Enforcement of the Sikes Act as it Relates to Natural Resource Management on Military Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/enforcement-of-the-sikes-act-as-it-relates-to-natural-resource-management-on-military-lands/) - Number: 2000-06 WHEREAS, the Department of Defense (DoD) is charged with the management of approximately 25 million acres of public trust lands on military installations, which contain valuable natural resources, important habitats for fish and wildlife, and excellent recreational opportunities; and WHEREAS, management of fish, wildlife and other natural resources on these military installations
- [Encouraged Use of Chlorine Free Paper](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/encouraged-use-of-chlorine-free-paper/) - Number: 2000-12 WHEREAS, the pulp and paper industry is a significant source of dioxin discharged into the aquatic environment; and WHEREAS, dioxin and other toxic chemicals come from chlorine compounds used in the papermaking process to bleach paper; and WHEREAS, chlorine compounds are widely used to remove lignin from wood pulp, and then bleach
- [Diversion of Water from Natural Watersheds](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/diversion-of-water-from-natural-watersheds/) - Number: 2000-11 WHEREAS, pressures to divert and/or export fresh water from natural watersheds to meet human needs is expected to increase dramatically in the 21st century. Global consumption of water is doubling every 20 years, more than twice the rate of population growth. In the late 1990's, according to the United Nations, 31 countries
- [Arctic Climate Change and Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2000/04/arctic-climate-change-and-conservation/) - Number: 2000-03 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation previously adopted Resolution 10 in 1998, urging governments, corporations and others to respond to the scientific consensus on the threat posed by human-induced global climate change by adopting appropriate domestic and international policies to enhance scientific research and public education on this issue and result in activities
- [Reforming the U.S. Army Corps Of Engineers](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/reforming-the-u-s-army-corps-of-engineers/) - Number: 2001-12 WHEREAS, the American people derive great benefits from a remarkable system of streams, lakes, rivers, wetlands, floodplains and other water resources upon which our community's economic and environmental well-being depends; and WHEREAS, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is entrusted by federal law with planning and management responsibility for much of our
- [Wilderness Designation Of Arctic National Wildlife Refuge](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/wilderness-designation-of-arctic-national-wildlife-refuge/) - Number: 2001-03 WHEREAS, the Arctic National Wildlife Range was established in 1960 for the purpose of preserving unique wildlife, wilderness, and recreational values; and WHEREAS, the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (Arctic Refuge) was established in 1980, encompassing the original 8.9 million-acre wildlife range and approximately 7 million additional acres to conserve fish and wildlife
- [To Establish Federal Responsibility To Accept Mercury](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/to-establish-federal-responsibility-to-accept-mercury/) - Number: 2001-09 WHEREAS, mercury is a persistent, bioaccumulative and highly toxic pollutant; and WHEREAS, health warnings issued in 41 U.S. states and territories advise people to reduce or avoid consumption of certain fresh water and marine fish due to mercury contamination; and WHEREAS, a report released by the National Academy of Sciences in 2000
- [Research And Monitoring Effects Of Prescribed Burning On Native Communities](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/research-and-monitoring-effects-of-prescribed-burning-on-native-communities/) - Number: 2001-04 WHEREAS, many aspects of fire effects have been studied in an effort to learn to efficiently use the tool of prescribed burning and to prescribe fires that mimic the natural characteristics of intensity, season of burn, spatial scale, and frequency for each ecosystem; and WHEREAS, studies that determine the historic and pre-historic
- [Renewable Energy](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/renewable-energy/) - Number: 2001-01 WHEREAS, global climate change is agreed by most scientists to be real, and occurring at a greater rate than thought five years ago; and WHEREAS, global climate change is widely agreed to be intensified by human actions resulting in increased emissions of greenhouse gases; and WHEREAS, the burning of fossil fuels is
- [Protecting The Hudson River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/protecting-the-hudson-river/) - Number: 2001-08 WHEREAS, Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a synthetic industrial chemical that were used in capacitors and lighting ballasts because of their stability and durability and high level of inflammability; and WHEREAS, PCBs and their organochloride byproducts include dioxin and are known carcinogens and last year were named to the World Health Organization's "Dirty
- [Oregon Inlet Jetties [Manteo (Shallowbag) Bay] Project](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/oregon-inlet-jetties-manteo-shallowbag-bay-project/) - Number: 2001-11 WHEREAS, the proposed Oregon Inlet Jetties [Manteo (Shallowbag) Bay] Project which has a stated purpose "to provide a safe, reliable, navigable channel" would be comprised of a north jetty, including a 1,000 feet "mean tide height" weir to create a sand transfer basin, for a total length of 10,020 feet, and a
- [Management Of Off-Highway Vehicles On Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/management-of-off-highway-vehicles-on-public-lands/) - Number: 2001-02 WHEREAS, the human population continues to increase and more people are seeking outdoor recreational experiences on public lands; and WHEREAS, a popular form of recreational use involves off-highway vehicles (OHVs), the sales of which have increased significantly in the last decade; and WHEREAS, inappropriate use of OHV's (e.g., off of designated trails)
- [Horseshoe Crab Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/horseshoe-crab-protection/) - Number: 2001-10 WHEREAS, the Delaware Bay is the center of the horseshoe crab population along the Atlantic coast; and WHEREAS, the Delaware Bay is a critical stop over for hundreds of thousands of migratory shorebirds during their journey from South America to the Arctic; and WHEREAS, horseshoe crab eggs provide a critical food source
- [Ensuring Compliance With And Enforcement Of Environmental Laws](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/ensuring-compliance-with-and-enforcement-of-environmental-laws/) - Number: 2001-07 WHEREAS, many species of wildlife are threatened by loss of habitat, degradation of water supplies, and the effects of climate change resulting from human activities; and WHEREAS, harmful activities, such as wetlands destruction and discharge of toxic chemicals, have been identified that threaten habitat and wildlife, and degrade land, water and air;
- [Campaign Finance Reform](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/campaign-finance-reform/) - Number: 2001-06 WHEREAS, the American public has lost faith in our federal campaign system due to the ability of special monied interests to give large contributions to elected officials to buy access and influence; and WHEREAS, the public interest and concern about environmental issues will continue to take a back seat to special interests
- [Brownfields](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2001/07/brownfields/) - Number: 2001-05 WHEREAS, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates that there are 450,000 vacant industrial properties across the country, known as brownfields, where the actual or suspected presence of contamination from previous uses impedes economic and community development; and WHEREAS, many brownfield sites pose significant threats to public health and the environment; and WHEREAS,
- [Atlantic Salmon Marine Aquaculture in the Pacific Northwest](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/atlantic-salmon-marine-aquaculture-in-the-pacific-northwest/) - Number: 2002-01 WHEREAS, the wild salmon and steelhead of the Pacific Northwest are essential to the ecosystems, economies and cultures of the region; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has resolved for two decades to advocate for the recovery and protection of salmon and steelhead in the Columbia, Snake, Sacramento, Klamath, and other Western
- [The Dakota Water Resources Act of 2000](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/the-dakota-water-resources-act-of-2000/) - Number: 2002-10 WHEREAS, the Dakota Water Resources Act of 2000, passed on December 15, 2000, in the closing minutes of the 106th Congress, directs the Secretary of the Interior to maintain the Garrison Diversion project's principal supply works and it authorizes 23,700 acres of irrigation development along the McClusky Canal, which will require operation
- [Stewardship Contracts on Federal Forestlands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/stewardship-contracts-on-federal-forestlands/) - Number: 2002-04 WHEREAS, in the last ten years, interest in a more active role in ecological restoration and the use of timber and non-timber resources on federal forests by local communities, tribal enterprises, watershed groups and wildlife habitat interests has led to a vibrant discussion and experimentation on ways in which the USDA Forest
- [Saving Walker Lake](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/saving-walker-lake/) - Number: 2002-09 WHEREAS, Walker Lake is a freshwater lake located in west central Nevada and is fed by snowmelt from the Sierra Nevada in California and other mountain ranges in Nevada, and is a tourism draw and an economic asset of Mineral County's economy; and WHEREAS, Walker Lake has cultural, historical, spiritual and economic
- [Restore Protection for All Wetlands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/restore-protection-for-all-wetlands/) - Number: 2002-12 WHEREAS, on January 9, 2001, the United States Supreme Court handed down what could potentially become the most devastating decision in recent history concerning wetland conservation; WHEREAS, in Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, et al. (the SWANCC decision), the Supreme Court concluded the Clean
- [Protection of the Great Lakes and Other Waters from Exotic Species](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/protection-of-the-great-lakes-and-other-waters-from-exotic-species/) - Number: 2002-08 WHEREAS, our Great Lakes, estuarine habitats, coastal and inland waters continue to be invaded by exotic (non-native) aquatic organisms and pathogens transported from foreign waters; and WHEREAS, these organisms arrive in the ballast water discharged by ships using our estuarine, coastal and inland waterways; and WHEREAS, previously introduced exotic species, such as
- [Protecting Botany Bay](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/protecting-botany-bay/) - Number: 2002-02 WHEREAS, Botany Bay is one of the most pristine and largest tract of undeveloped land left on St. Thomas; and WHEREAS, numerous researchers, scientists, as well as federal and territorial officials, have identified Botany Bay as a rare and unique habitat for federally and locally endangered species, including the Green Sea Turtle,
- [Need for Sufficient Funding of Grazing Administration on National Forest Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/need-for-sufficient-funding-of-grazing-administration-on-national-forest-lands/) - Number: 2002-06 WHEREAS, adequate supervision of livestock grazing on U.S. Forest Service (USFS) lands is essential to protection of wildlife habitats, protection of watersheds, sustainable utilization of forage resources and a healthy livestock industry; and WHEREAS, funding for roads, fences and other structural range improvements and range restoration is adequate; and WHEREAS, funding for
- [National Farm Bill Legislation Initiative](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/national-farm-bill-legislation-initiative/) - Number: 2002-07 WHEREAS, progress has been made to reduce point source pollution since passage of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 and subsequent Clean Water Act Amendments; and WHEREAS, many of our nation's natural waterways within intensively farmed watersheds remain polluted because of non-point source pollution problems associated with our crop fields
- [Missouri River Protections](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/missouri-river-protections/) - Number: 2002-03 WHEREAS, the Missouri River is the nation's longest river, flowing approximately 2,500 miles, and drains one sixth of the United States, which includes all or parts of ten states; and WHEREAS, the Missouri River has an incredibly important place in the history and development of the United States as the major thoroughfare
- [Implementation of Existing BLM Programs, Policies, and Initiatives](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/implementation-of-existing-blm-programs-policies-and-initiatives/) - Number: 2002-05 WHEREAS, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is the largest land manager in the United States, managing 264 million acres of land that belongs to all Americans and provides a broad array of public benefits including outdoor recreation, scenic vistas, solitude and healthy watersheds; and WHEREAS, BLM lands provide habitat for more
- [Flows for Fish and Other Aquatic Life](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2002/03/flows-for-fish-and-other-aquatic-life/) - Number: 2002-11 WHEREAS, stream corridors are important for maintaining healthy populations of native fish species, keeping water temperatures cool with streamside vegetation, preventing property loss from erosion during periods of flooding, and sustaining the quality of life that benefits people; and WHEREAS, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) reported to Congress that
- [Wildlife Diseases: Research and Management Authority](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2003/04/wildlife-diseases-research-and-management-authority/) - Number: 2003-09 WHEREAS, our nation's wildlife is increasingly exposed to disease agents both native and exotic such as Chronic Wasting Disease and West Nile Virus; and WHEREAS, West Nile Virus has been confirmed in wildlife across North America; and WHEREAS, West Nile Virus spreads across the continent within 36 months of its discovery; and WHEREAS,
- [The Restoration of Coastal Louisiana](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2003/04/the-restoration-of-coastal-louisiana/) - Number: 2003-01 WHEREAS, the Louisiana coast comprises the largest expanse of coastal wetlands in North America; and WHEREAS, these wetlands, together with Louisiana's bays and barrier islands, constitute an enormously productive ecosystem that provides wintering habitat for more than 70 percent of the migrating waterfowl using the Central and Mississippi Flyways and nurseries for marine
- [Privatization of Public Water Supplies and Systems, and Action to Conserve the Earth's Freshwater for People and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2003/04/privatization-of-public-water-supplies-and-systems-and-action-to-conserve-the-earths-freshwater-for-people-and-wildlife/) - Number: 2003-04 WHEREAS, on our planet freshwater is finite, representing less than 3% of all water on Earth, including freshwater locked up in glaciers and icecaps or out of reach in deep underground aquifers; and WHEREAS, water has intrinsic value that precedes its utilitarian and commercial value; and WHEREAS, water is a basic right for
- [National Wildlife Refuge System 100th Anniversary](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2003/04/national-wildlife-refuge-system-100th-anniversary/) - Number: 2003-05 WHEREAS, on March 14, 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt started what is now known as our National Wildlife Refuge System by protecting Pelican Island to conserve migratory birds; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Refuge System protects over 95 million acres and includes more than 540 National Wildlife Refuges; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife
- [Environmental Education in Mexico and the Border Region](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2003/04/environmental-education-in-mexico-and-the-border-region/) - Number: 2003-08 WHEREAS, Mexico and the United States not only share many ecosystems, migratory species and species whose ranges extend across the Mexico-United States border, but are also increasingly linked through economic, social and cultural exchange; and WHEREAS, there is an untapped potential for enhanced cooperation between the two countries to protect and conserve the
- [Educating Current and Future Conservation Stewards](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2003/04/educating-current-and-future-conservation-stewards/) - Number: 2003-07 WHEREAS, a conservation ethic emerges and develops through real, personal and sustained experiences with nature; and WHEREAS, the past century has seen us become increasingly alienated from our natural world due to urbanization, industrialization, and an array of human endeavors that have brought progress and prosperity on many fronts; and WHEREAS, today
- [Coal Bed Methane Development](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2003/04/coal-bed-methane-development/) - Number: 2003-06 WHEREAS, the extraction of methane gas by coal bed methane (CBM) development potentially poses great risk to ground and surface water, soil, air and fish and wildlife habitat due to its unprecedented density, scope, and associated impacts including widespread habitat fragmentation via roads, power lines and pipelines; continuous disturbance or displacement of
- [Climate Change, Salmon, and Steelhead in California and the Pacific Northwest](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2003/04/climate-change-salmon-and-steelhead-in-california-and-the-pacific-northwest/) - Number: 2003-03 WHEREAS, salmon and steelhead species are important for ecosystem health, subsistence cultures, sport and recreational fishing, and commercial fishing in California and the Pacific Northwest; and WHEREAS, these species are already adversely affected by human activities such as agriculture, flood control, hydroelectric power production, forestry, grazing and development, and several stocks throughout
- [Clean Water Act: 30 Years of Progress](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2003/04/clean-water-act-30-years-of-progress/) - Number: 2003-02 WHEREAS, the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, renamed the Clean Water Act of 1977 when it was amended, and the 1987 Water Quality Act, form the basis of U.S. efforts to control pollution and degradation of the country's surface waters; and WHEREAS, the goal of these laws is to make
- [Wind Farms and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/wind-farms-and-wildlife/) - Number: 2004-11 WHEREAS, electricity generated from zero emission wind turbines is a clean source of energy that may help to meet the nation's increasing energy demand; and WHEREAS, it is in the public interest that the nation's energy sources transition from nonrenewable sources, which will provide for cleaner air, cleaner water, energy independence, and
- [Wild Sky Wilderness](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/wild-sky-wilderness/) - Number: 2004-03 WHEREAS, the Wild Sky Wilderness proposal will protect more than 106,000 acres of National Forest land already in public ownership in the state of Washington; and WHEREAS, Wild Sky Wilderness will directly protect more than 25 miles of salmon and steelhead spawning streams, and would sustain continuing health for many more miles
- [Support For Sound Siting Guidelines For Wind Generators](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/support-for-sound-siting-guidelines-for-wind-generators/) - Number: 2004-12 WHEREAS, wind generation is a renewable source of energy; and WHEREAS, it is in the public interest that the nation's energy sources transition away from nonrenewable fossil fuel resources in order to provide for cleaner air, cleaner water, energy independence, and improved public health, and to reduce the damage of global warming
- [Schoolyard Wildlife Habitats and Native American Tribes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/schoolyard-wildlife-habitats-and-native-american-tribes/) - Number: 2004-10 WHEREAS, over 500 Native American tribes are recognized nationally and over 40 tribes occur in the Pacific Northwest region; and WHEREAS, Native American tribes have far-reaching management and co-management authority and responsibilities for the resources of their region; and WHEREAS, habitat destruction continues to be the principal factor leading to the decline
- [Restore Hetch Hetchy Valley](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/restore-hetch-hetchy-valley/) - Number: 2004-07 WHEREAS, Yosemite National Park is a national treasure, and one of the most important features of our nation's natural heritage; and WHEREAS, the Tuolumne River, rising on Mounts Dana and Lyell in Yosemite National Park, is a key component of the National Wild and Scenic River System; and WHEREAS, Hetch Hetchy Valley
- [Reducing Wildlife Mortality and Habitat Fragmentation Caused by Highway and Roads](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/reducing-wildlife-mortality-and-habitat-fragmentation-caused-by-highway-and-roads/) - Number: 2004-13 WHEREAS, our national network of highways and roads is the largest single man-made feature on the American landscape and a primary cause of habitat fragmentation across the U.S.; and WHEREAS, the number of animals struck and killed by automobiles each year (i.e. roadkill) has increased dramatically in recent decades as road networks
- [Providing Game Food For The Hungry](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/providing-game-food-for-the-hungry/) - Number: 2004-14 WHEREAS, millions of Americans, including children and elderly, are without a reliable source of food and nourishment; and WHEREAS, increasing big game populations near or beyond carrying capacity have caused many state wildlife agencies to increase the seasons and number of animals taken in order to maintain a healthy balance among wildlife,
- [Population and the Environment](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/population-and-the-environment/) - Number: 2004-05 WHEREAS, the earth's human population continues to grow at an unprecedented, alarming rate: The 20th century began with fewer than 2 billion people, the 21st century started with over 6 billion, and we continue to add a billion people every 14 years; and WHEREAS, the increased consumption of natural resources and accompanying
- [Moratorium on Gas and Oil Development within Montana's Rocky Mountain Front](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/moratorium-on-gas-and-oil-development-within-montanas-rocky-mountain-front/) - Number: 2004-01 WHEREAS, the nearly 500,000-acre, 100-mile stretch of vast wild lands south of Glacier National Park, known as the Rocky Mountain Front, form one of the most dramatic transitions from peaks to prairies in North America; and WHEREAS, adjacent to and including Glacier National Park, the Bob Marshall and Scapegoat Wilderness areas, the
- [Management of Arctic Natural Resources: The NPR-A and Its Special Areas](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/management-of-arctic-natural-resources-the-npr-a-and-its-special-areas/) - Number: 2004-02 WHEREAS, our nation's only arctic ecosystem is located in the state of Alaska and is a spectacular and diverse living landscape with mountains, foothills, and a wide coastal plain with dozens of rivers and an untold number of ponds, lakes and wetlands, bounded by marine bays and lagoons; and WHEREAS, the western
- [Le Fleur's Lakes Project](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/le-fleurs-lakes-project/) - Number: 2004-09 WHEREAS, Congress has appropriated $2.8 million for a feasibility study of the proposed LeFleur's Lakes Project, a private development project under the guise of a flood control project; and WHEREAS, local match for this study has been approved by the Hinds County Board of Supervisors, the Rankin County Board of Supervisors and
- [Great Lakes Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/great-lakes-restoration/) - Number: 2004-08 WHEREAS, the Great Lakes form the largest freshwater system on the earth, holding 20 percent of the available fresh water on the earth's surface and whose 10,000 miles of Great Lakes coastline offer some of the most inspiring and scenic vistas on the planet; and WHEREAS, the Great Lakes are a resource
- [Establishment of Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge and Holt Collier Wildlife Interpretation and Education Center](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/establishment-of-theodore-roosevelt-national-wildlife-refuge-and-holt-collier-wildlife-interpretation-and-education-center/) - Number: 2004-04 WHEREAS, the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, located in Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Warren, Washington, and Yazoo Counties, Mississippi, popularly known as the Lower Delta, is of critical importance to the Louisiana black bear, over 350 species of birds, aquatic life, and a wide array of other species associated with river basin ecosystems; and
- [Coral Reefs and Climate Change](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/coral-reefs-and-climate-change/) - Number: 2004-06 WHEREAS, coral reefs are among the world's most diverse, productive, and beautiful ecosystems, providing habitat for nearly a million species of fish and other organisms; and WHEREAS, coral reefs are critical ecosystems and hatcheries for ocean wildlife, providing food for millions of people worldwide and supporting economic, recreational, and cultural activities; and
- [Coordinated Management of Double-Crested Cormorants](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2004/03/coordinated-management-of-double-crested-cormorants/) - Number: 2004-15 WHEREAS the double-crested cormorants (DCCO) population, at one time devasted by persistent pesticides, has recovered to meet or exceed the best estimates of historic population levels; and WHEREAS, DCCOs continue to increase in range and abundance; and WHEREAS, federal rules governing DCCOs have been relaxed to permit DCCO control by states and
- [Sierra Bermeja Mountain Range Protection Resolution](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/sierra-bermeja-mountain-range-protection-resolution/) - Number: 2005-14 Sierra Bermeja Mountain Range Protection Resolution WHEREAS, the Sierra Bermeja mountain range is one of the most important wintering habitat and stopover sites for neotropical migratory birds in the tropical United States along the North American Atlantic Migratory Flyway; and WHEREAS, the Sierra Bermeja mountain range is a vital breeding and feeding
- [Shade Coffee Plantations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/shade-coffee-plantations/) - Number: 2005-03 WHEREAS, coffee is cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas around the world, but within the United States, it is cultivated only in Hawaii and Puerto Rico; and WHEREAS, in natural settings, coffee grows in the forest understory, under the shade of native canopy trees, and traditional agriculture under a shading canopy of
- [Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/restoration/) - Number: 2005-06 Restoration WHEREAS, protection of America's coasts, lakes, rivers and wetlands is essential for the well being of its people and the health and sustainability of fish and wildlife populations; and WHEREAS, much of America's aquatic habitat -- both fresh water and marine -- has been severely degraded over the years by a
- [Puerto Rican Wetland Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/puerto-rican-wetland-protection/) - Number: 2005-07 Puerto Rican Wetland Protection WHEREAS, 75% of Puerto Rico's wetlands -- the largest expanse of tropical wetlands within the United States -- have been destroyed, including over 53% of original mangroves and 90% of the San Juan Bay Estuary wetlands, for diverse purposes that have provided less net benefit to society; and
- [Puerto Rican Karst Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/puerto-rican-karst-protection/) - Number: 2005-09 Puerto Rican Karst Protection WHEREAS, with more than 1,100 persons/square mile, the karst region of Puerto Rico is threatened by urban development that could permanently damage important aquifers supplying fresh water, critical wildlife habitat, and the most diverse tropical ecosystems within the Caribbean United States; and WHEREAS, the Puerto Rican karst region
- [Prevention and Reduction of Packaging Waste in the Municipal Solid Waste Stream](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/prevention-and-reduction-of-packaging-waste-in-the-municipal-solid-waste-stream/) - Number: 2005-11 Prevention and Reduction of Packaging Waste in the Municipal Solid Waste Stream WHEREAS, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Summary of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) (2001 Facts and Figures Executive Summary), containers and packaging comprise the largest segment of the U.S. waste stream at 32 percent (74 million tons) and
- [PEW Ocean Commission and U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy Reports](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/pew-ocean-commission-and-u-s-commission-on-ocean-policy-reports/) - Number: 2005-05 PEW Oceans Commission and U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy Reports WHEREAS, both the PEW Oceans Commission and the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy reports state that America's oceans are in crisis and, therefore, there is a need to implement a national policy to provide healthy, functioning oceans for today and the future;
- [Pacific Salmon and Steelhead Hatchery Management and Impacts on Wild Stocks](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/pacific-salmon-and-steelhead-hatchery-management-and-impacts-on-wild-stocks/) - Number: 2005-13 Pacific Salmon and Steelhead Hatchery Management and Impacts on Wild Stocks WHEREAS, wild Pacific salmon and steelhead species have evolved and adapted to their native habitats through the millennia; and WHEREAS, these species have life histories and behaviors that are unique and their genetic makeup is irreplaceable; and WHEREAS, the human-induced degradation
- [Incentives for Access to Private Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/incentives-for-access-to-private-lands/) - Number: 2005-02 Incentives for Access to Private Lands WHEREAS, in a large number of states, the great majority of land is held in private ownership; and WHEREAS, in such states therefore, a sizeable proportion of fish and wildlife habitat exists on private lands; and WHEREAS, private property rights legally restrict the opportunity for the
- [Global Warming and Transportation in Washington, Oregon, and California](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/global-warming-and-transportation-in-washington-oregon-and-california/) - Number: 2005-10 Global Warming and Transportation in Washington, Oregon, and California WHEREAS, the scientific evidence that human activities are causing global warming and associated climate change is stronger than ever; and WHEREAS, global warming is already affecting natural systems around the world, including the western U.S. Examples of this include: 1) the dates of
- [Funding for State Land Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/funding-for-state-land-protection/) - Number: 2005-01 Funding for State Land Protection WHEREAS, protected natural areas safeguard our fragile drinking water resources and watersheds, support tourism, provide habitat to ensure biodiversity and improve quality of life in our communities; and WHEREAS, protected natural areas support wildlife-based recreation; and WHEREAS, certain types of natural areas such as wetlands and barrier
- [Eliminating Mercury Pollution](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/eliminating-mercury-pollution/) - Number: 2005-08 Eliminating Mercury Pollution WHEREAS, mercury is a persistent, bioaccumulative and highly toxic pollutant; and WHEREAS, health warnings issued in 46 U.S. states and territories advise people to reduce or avoid consumption of certain fresh water and marine fish due to mercury contamination; and WHEREAS, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates that more
- [Duck Hunting Regulations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/duck-hunting-regulations/) - Number: 2005-12 Duck Hunting Regulations WHEREAS, ducks in North America have important cultural, recreational, economic, historic and other values; and WHEREAS, duck harvest levels can be adjusted annually to help maintain healthy duck populations as they fluctuate in response to wetlands loss, water conditions, weather, previous harvest, disease and other factors; and WHEREAS, the
- [Climate Change and Carbon Sequestration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2005/04/climate-change-and-carbon-sequestration/) - Number: 2005-04 Climate Change and Carbon Sequestration WHEREAS, the overwhelming majority of the world's climate scientists have concluded that global warming is occurring and that human activities are contributing significantly to it; and WHEREAS, the U.S. National Academy of Sciences concluded in 2001 that "Greenhouse gases are accumulating in Earth's atmosphere as a result
- [Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands Coastal and Wetland Habitats of Concern](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/puerto-rico-and-u-s-virgin-islands-coastal-and-wetland-habitats-of-concern/) - Number: 2006-08 WHEREAS, coastal and wetland habitats on the islands of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands (St. Croix, St. Thomas and St. John) provide critical nesting, breeding and foraging sites for threatened and endangered species such as the leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtles, West Indian
- [Protection of the Endangered Ivory-Billed Woodpecker](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/protection-of-the-endangered-ivory-billed-woodpecker/) - Number: 2006-12 WHEREAS, the rediscovery of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker (Campephilus principalis) in the forests of eastern Arkansas was one of the most important conservation stories of the past decade and has led to one of the highest profile endangered species recovery efforts ever undertaken in the United States; and WHEREAS, the presence of the
- [Privatization/Disposition of Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/privatizationdisposition-of-public-lands/) - Number: 2006-03 WHEREAS, public lands provide both seasonal and year-round habitat for a large number of wildlife species, including some of those listed as threatened or endangered; and WHEREAS, public lands provide millions of recreation days for millions of people, including the activities of hunting, fishing, trapping, hiking and camping; and WHEREAS, these recreational
- [Opposition to the Pebble Mine Project in the Bristol Bay Watershed of Southwestern Alaska](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/opposition-to-the-pebble-mine-project-in-the-bristol-bay-watershed-of-southwestern-alaska/) - Number: 2006-02 WHEREAS, the enormous Bristol Bay watershed in southwestern Alaska is one of the most productive ecosystems in the world; and WHEREAS, the Bristol Bay sockeye salmon fishery, with nearly 33 million sockeye salmon projected to return to the region in 2006, is one of the largest in the world, generating millions of
- [Global Warming and Regional Emission Reduction Plans](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/global-warming-and-regional-emission-reduction-plans/) - Number: 2006-05 WHEREAS, the scientific evidence for and dangers of global warming have been documented by the National Academy of Sciences which has stated "increasing greenhouse gases are causing temperatures to rise" and it is "likely that most of the warming in recent decades can be attributed to human activities" and "it is vital
- [Funding for the Restoration of Coastal Louisiana as Part of the Federal Response to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/funding-for-the-restoration-of-coastal-louisiana-as-part-of-the-federal-response-to-hurricanes-katrina-and-rita/) - Number: 2006-07 WHEREAS, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita brought an unprecedented natural disaster to Louisiana, Mississippi and other Gulf States; and WHEREAS, Louisiana's coastal wetlands constitute a natural defense against the destructive force of hurricanes, absorbing wave action and significantly reducing storm surges; and WHEREAS, prior to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, Louisiana was already losing
- [Floods, Floodplains, and Disaster Recovery Issues](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/floods-floodplains-and-disaster-recovery-issues/) - Number: 2006-06 WHEREAS, flooding remains the most costly, most deadly, and most common form of natural disaster; and WHEREAS, it is generally associated with human encroachment on natural floodplains and sometimes with alteration of hydrologic regimes; and WHEREAS, flooding is a natural hydrologic process; and WHEREAS, floodplain ecosystems serve critical natural resource functions, including providing
- [Establishment of the Cherry Valley National Wildlife Refuge](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/establishment-of-the-cherry-valley-national-wildlife-refuge/) - Number: 2006-01 WHEREAS, in a preliminary assessment of the Cherry Valley area of northeastern Pennsylvania, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service ranked Cherry Valley very high as a potential national wildlife refuge; and WHEREAS, six species listed as endangered or threatened species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et
- [Diminishing the Impact of Feral and Free-Ranging Domestic Cats on Wildlife Populations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/diminishing-the-impact-of-feral-and-free-ranging-domestic-cats-on-wildlife-populations/) - Number: 2006-11 WHEREAS, of the more than 77 million domestic cats in the United States approximately 65% or 50 million are allowed outside and are largely the source of the increasing number of feral cats; and WHEREAS, current feral cat population estimates range from 60 to 100 million in the United States; and WHEREAS,
- [Cougar Management Guidelines](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/cougar-management-guidelines/) - Number: 2006-10 WHEREAS, cougars (Puma concolor), despite being eliminated from roughly two-thirds of their North American range, are presently the only large, obligate carnivore in self-sustaining populations across western North America; and WHEREAS, cougars have existed in western North America along with their major prey -- mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), white-tailed deer (O. virginianus),
- [Central Valley Project (CA) Water Contracts](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/central-valley-project-ca-water-contracts/) - Number: 2006-09 WHEREAS, the Central Valley Project (CVP) is a huge federal and state water diversion system that delivers water to farmers and cities in central California; and WHEREAS, the Project is a network of dams, reservoirs and canals in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River basins providing water in an area 400 miles
- [Avian Influenza](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2006/04/avian-influenza/) - Number: 2006-04 WHEREAS, there is growing concern about a possible pandemic of a virulent avian influenza virus in humans; and WHEREAS, there are numerous strains of avian influenza which occur in wild birds at low levels and most are of no significant risk to birds or humans; and WHEREAS, virulent forms of avian influenza
- [Support for Non-Toxic Shot for Hunting Webless Migratory Game Birds](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/support-for-non-toxic-shot-for-hunting-webless-migratory-game-birds/) - Number: 2007-18 WHEREAS, spent lead shot has been demonstrated to be lethal to migratory waterfowl and other migratory birds; and WHEREAS, waterfowl hunters have been using non-toxic shot for decades to minimize lead shot poisoning; and WHEREAS, some states do not require non-toxic shot for hunting wetland obligate migratory game species such as rails,
- [Youth as Leaders in Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/youth-as-leaders-in-conservation/) - Number: 2007-03 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation recognizes the need to diversify racially, culturally, and age-wise the conservation movement of the United States for the future protection, restoration and preservation of its natural resources, as National Wildlife Federation recognizes the future of this movement lies within connecting and engaging youth (as defined as middle
- [Support for Public Recreation on Navigable Rivers of the United States](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/support-for-public-recreation-on-navigable-rivers-of-the-united-states/) - Number: 2007-15 WHEREAS, navigable rivers have been declared public waters of the United States; and WHEREAS, hunting, fishing, boating, and furharvesting are activities that led to such waters being declared navigable rivers; and WHEREAS, recreational users have a right to access these resources that is rooted in federal common law, the Federal Navigational Servitude,
- [Shift Subsidies from Conventional Fossil Fuels to Clean Energy Technologies & Practices](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/shift-subsidies-from-conventional-fossil-fuels-to-clean-energy-technologies-practices/) - Number: 2007-05 WHEREAS, climate change is a serious long-term threat to the health of our planet, a fact universally accepted by the scientific community; and WHEREAS, greenhouse gas emissions are the primary contributor to climate change; and WHEREAS, the United States, with only 5% of the world's population, is responsible for 23% of global
- [Reducing the Effects of Global Warming By Reducing Oil Consumption](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/reducing-the-effects-of-global-warming-by-reducing-oil-consumption/) - Number: 2007-11 WHEREAS, global climate change science has shown that carbon dioxide emissions have a direct impact on global warming, and that rapid global warming is detrimental to most wildlife species; and WHEREAS, automobile emissions, both from driving and time spent idling, are a major source of carbon dioxide emissions in the United States;
- [Public Trust Doctrine and North American Model of Fish and Wildlife Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/public-trust-doctrine-and-north-american-model-of-fish-and-wildlife-conservation/) - Number: 2007-17 WHEREAS, the Public Trust Doctrine is the keystone component of fish and wildlife conservation in the United States; and WHEREAS, the Public Trust Doctrine mandates that fish and wildlife resources are held in trust by the government(s) for the benefit of the present and future generations of all citizens; and WHEREAS, the
- [Promote Sustainable "Next Generation" Bioenergy to Address Global Warming](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/promote-sustainable-next-generation-bioenergy-to-address-global-warming/) - Number: 2007-08 WHEREAS, new scientific studies underscore the evidence that global warming is already having a significant impact on wildlife and habitats; and WHEREAS, one recent review of 866 studies of wildlife responses to global warming shows that many animal and plant species have been dying off or changing sooner than scientists had predicted,
- [Promote an Equitable Climate Policy for Low-Income Families](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/promote-an-equitable-climate-policy-for-low-income-families/) - Number: 2007-07 WHEREAS, climate change is already underway, as indicated by rising temperatures and melting ice in the Arctic, melting glaciers, shifting ranges of plants and animals, and the earlier onset of spring; and WHEREAS, global warming poses an unprecedented environmental threat not only to wildlife and its habitat but also to the security,
- [Ocean Health](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/ocean-health/) - Number: 2007-13 WHEREAS, the rich and diverse ocean and coastal resources shared by the states of Washington, Oregon and California provide tremendous environmental and economic benefits to these states and to the entire country; and WHEREAS, these rich resources are threatened on many fronts, including, but not limited to, polluted waters, declining populations of
- [Native American Tribes and Climate Change](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/native-american-tribes-and-climate-change/) - Number: 2007-16 WHEREAS, over 560 Native American tribes and Native Alaskan Villages are recognized nationally; and WHEREAS, Native American tribes are sovereign nations and have far-reaching management authority and can directly impact conservation decisions on over 95 million acres of land; and WHEREAS, tribal reservations provide important habitat for hundreds of native North American
- [National Need for Reversing Our Nature Deficit](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/national-need-for-reversing-our-nature-deficit/) - Number: 2007-01 WHEREAS, the American public, especially its children, is increasingly isolated from the outdoors and such isolation deprives people of a range of values and healthy interactions; and WHEREAS, research studies show the "average" child spends over 40 hours per week watching television or otherwise connected to some electronic media and is increasingly
- [Marine Protected Areas](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/marine-protected-areas/) - Number: 2007-14 WHEREAS, The South Atlantic Fishery Management Council held public hearings in September 2006 in the management process to implement a series of eight (8) marine protected areas in federal waters in the South Atlantic; and WHEREAS, the proposed marine protected areas are the result of years of planning with recommendations from advisory
- [Klamath River Dams](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/klamath-river-dams/) - Number: 2007-12 WHEREAS, the Klamath River has a storied history as one of the best salmon-producing rivers on the west coast of the United States with historic populations of over 1 million adult Chinook, coho, pink and chum salmon returning annually, as well as abundant steelhead; and WHEREAS, Klamath River salmon and steelhead once
- [Incentives for Access to Private Lands Enrolled in Farm Bill Conservation Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/incentives-for-access-to-private-lands-enrolled-in-farm-bill-conservation-programs/) - Number: 2007-09 WHEREAS, hunters and anglers recognize that private landowners own millions of acres of fish and wildlife habitat and that protecting and enhancing these habitats is essential for well-being of America's wildlife; and WHEREAS, the Farm Bill provides many important agricultural programs including programs to stabilize farm and ranch income, enhance farm and
- [Hunters and Anglers Leading Efforts to Solve Global Warming](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/hunters-and-anglers-leading-efforts-to-solve-global-warming/) - Number: 2007-04 WHEREAS, America has more than 13 million hunters and more than 34 million anglers; and WHEREAS, outdoor enthusiasts are crucial in protecting and enhancing public lands, streams and wetlands from major threats such as global warming; and WHEREAS, global warming pollution is causing Earth's climate to change in ways that are having
- [Green Buildings: Architecture 2030 Challenge](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/green-buildings-architecture-2030-challenge/) - Number: 2007-06 WHEREAS, energy used in homes and commercial buildings is responsible for one-third of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions, and buildings account for an even greater percentage of emissions when energy used from industrial complexes and for building construction are taken into account; and WHEREAS, the United States is the world's largest contributor
- [General Mining Law of 1872](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/general-mining-law-of-1872/) - Number: 2007-10 WHEREAS, mining of hard rock minerals in the United States is governed under antiquated 19th century rules that were signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant; and WHEREAS, the "General Mining Law of 1872" allows private mining companies to take valuable mineral resources like gold, copper, silver, and uranium from public
- [College and University Action to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2007/04/college-and-university-action-to-reduce-greenhouse-gas-emissions/) - Number: 2007-02 WHEREAS, leading climate scientists have concluded that the world must reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 30% in current levels by 2020 and by 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050 in order to avert the most serious consequences of global climate change; and WHEREAS, collectively, colleges and universities spend $317 billion annually
- [Support for Using the Best Available Science to Conserve Greater Sage-Grouse in Areas Scheduled for Intensive Energy Development](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2008/05/support-for-using-the-best-available-science-to-conserve-greater-sage-grouse-in-areas-scheduled-for-intensive-energy-development/) - Number: 2008-05 WHEREAS, the Greater Sage-grouse is a highly sensitive species native to sagebrush ecosystems throughout the West which has experienced a substantial loss of habitat resulting in population declines in recent decades; and WHEREAS, the Greater Sage-grouse was petitioned for listing under the Endangered Species Act in 2000, was found “not-warranted” for listing
- [Separating Ecosystem Restoration Authorizations from Water Resources Development Acts](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2008/05/separating-ecosystem-restoration-authorizations-from-water-resources-development-acts/) - Number: 2008-08 WHEREAS, since 1974 Congress has principally chosen Water Resources Development Acts (“WRDAs”) to consider and enact legislation to guide and authorize policies, programs and projects of the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers; and WHEREAS, while these bills are purportedly intended to be passed biennially, they have often become mired in disputes
- [Responsible Oil and Gas Development on Our Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2008/05/responsible-oil-and-gas-development-on-our-public-lands/) - Number: 2008-04 WHEREAS, the public lands managed under the principles of multiple use and sustained yield by the United States Forest Service (USFS) and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in the Rocky Mountain West support world class cold water fisheries, provide important core habitat and migration corridors for big game species, contain critical
- [Pascagoula River and Gulf of Mexico Water Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2008/05/pascagoula-river-and-gulf-of-mexico-water-protection/) - Number: 2008-03 WHEREAS, the Pascagoula River is the last unimpeded major river system in the contiguous 48 states and is uniquely representative of the early southeastern landscape; and WHEREAS, the River system’s bottomland forests, marshes, savannas and aquatic habitats support rare and spectacular wildlife such as the Gulf sturgeon and 23 threatened or endangered
- [National Flood Insurance and Natural Catastrophe Insurance](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2008/05/national-flood-insurance-and-natural-catastrophe-insurance/) - Number: 2008-09 WHEREAS, the Congress established the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) in 1968 to provide otherwise difficult to obtain flood insurance for residences and businesses that are located in flood prone areas in exchange for the participating communities’ agreement to guide new development away from flood hazard areas; and WHEREAS, since its inception
- [Groundwater Protection](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2008/05/groundwater-protection/) - Number: 2008-07 WHEREAS, healthy ecosystems function as a unit; and WHEREAS, groundwater is an integral part of the aquatic interface among surface waters, wetlands and streams; and WHEREAS clean, ample groundwater supplies are essential to both human and ecological health, vital to the nation’s economy, drinking water supplies, recreation industries and a vital part
- [Encouraging Conservation Groups to Provide Leadership in Reducing Global Warming](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2008/05/encouraging-conservation-groups-to-provide-leadership-in-reducing-global-warming/) - Number: 2008-02 WHEREAS, the threat of global warming is the most serious threat to the natural and man-made environment humanity has ever confronted; and WHEREAS, eminent scientists have stated that the world must reduce its rate of emission of global warming gases by no less than two percent a year to prevent catastrophic changes
- [Global Warming Education in American Schools](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2008/05/global-warming-education-in-american-schools/) - Number: 2008-01 WHEREAS, due to global warming, over the next several decades children in America’s schools will be faced with an unprecedented environmental threat not only to wildlife and its habitat, but also to the security, safety and prosperity of people worldwide; and WHEREAS, global warming education will enable children and their families to
- [Avoiding New Water Storage Facilities](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2008/05/avoiding-new-water-storage-facilities/) - Number: 2008-06 WHEREAS, rivers and streams that provide important fish and wildlife habitat and water supply for growing human populations have been significantly altered for water supply, irrigation, energy production, and flood control; and WHEREAS, once altered and disconnected from their wetlands and floodplains, these rivers and streams provide degraded habitat for fish and
- [Wild Salmon and Steelhead Recovery on Lower Columbia River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/wild-salmon-and-steelhead-recovery-on-lower-columbia-river/) - Number: 2009-14 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is fully committed to saving endangered and threatened species through the protection and restoration of their natural habitat and to maintaining healthy populations of all wildlife species, which avoids the necessity to list species; and WHEREAS, wild salmon and steelhead populations, already adversely affected by human activities
- [State Plans to Connect Children with Nature](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/state-plans-to-connect-children-with-nature/) - Number: 2009-04 WHEREAS, to sustain the natural world and safeguard wildlife requires the stewardship of future generations; and WHEREAS, stewardship is not possible without a strong sense of connection to the natural world; and WHEREAS, America’s children are losing their connection with our natural world, an alienation that threatens the future of our nation’s
- [Restoration of the Longleaf Pine Ecosystem](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/restoration-of-the-longleaf-pine-ecosystem/) - Number: 2009-09 WHEREAS, the longleaf pine ecosystem once dominated the southeastern United States, encompassing more than 89 million acres in nine states from southeast Virginia to east Texas; and WHEREAS, the longleaf pine ecosystem is one of the most ecologically diverse systems in the world – rivaling even tropical rainforests; and WHEREAS, longleaf pine
- [Reducing Coal Power Plant Pollutants](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/reducing-coal-power-plant-pollutants/) - Number: 2009-06 WHEREAS, to prevent the worst impacts of climate change, scientists say that greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced as swiftly as possible; and WHEREAS, climate change could have catastrophic consequences for people, wildlife and the natural resources on which we depend if pollution that contributes to climate change is not dramatically cut;
- [Protection of the Neches River in Texas, a National Treasure](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/protection-of-the-neches-river-in-texas-a-national-treasure/) - Number: 2009-10 WHEREAS, the Neches River, located in the Texas Forest Country, is a river of great scenic beauty; and WHEREAS, the Neches River corridor contains the longest contiguous stretch of forested, riparian wildlife habitat left in Texas; and WHEREAS, the Neches River and its bottomland forests, located in the heart of the North
- [Presidential Commission on Americans Outdoors](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/presidential-commission-on-americans-outdoors/) - Number: 2009-02 WHEREAS, Americans today are less connected to the outdoors than any time in human history, as evidenced by recent surveys that show children today spend half as much time outdoors as they did just twenty years ago, and as evidenced by decreasing visitation at National Parks and National Forests, as well as
- [Oil Shale Development Must Not Jeopardize Fish, Wildlife and Water](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/oil-shale-development-must-not-jeopardize-fish-wildlife-and-water/) - Number: 2009-08 WHEREAS, oil shale production is dramatically more CO2 intensive than conventional hydrocarbon production and even the best emerging technologies would result in 20-45% more global warming pollution per gallon of fuel produced compared to conventional gasoline; and WHEREAS, the vast majority of oil shale is located in arid states with limited water
- [Natural Resources Adaptation Funding and Global Warming](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/natural-resources-adaptation-funding-and-global-warming/) - Number: 2009-13 WHEREAS, global warming is already adversely impacting fish and wildlife, their habitats, and other natural resources and presents an unprecedented threat to the survival of our natural heritage; and WHEREAS, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projects that with a two to four degree Fahrenheit rise in global temperature, 20-30% of species
- [International Action on Climate Change](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/international-action-on-climate-change/) - Number: 2009-07 WHEREAS, global warming creates an unprecedented environmental threat not only to wildlife and its habitat, but also to the security, safety and prosperity of people worldwide that cannot be solved without a global cooperative solution; and WHEREAS, to prevent the worst impacts of global warming, scientists say that global warming pollution must
- [Incentives for Building Contractors to Increase Energy Conservation in Existing Homes and Structures](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/incentives-for-building-contractors-to-increase-energy-conservation-in-existing-homes-and-structures/) - Number: 2009-05 WHEREAS, climate change is a serious threat to forests, wildlife and habitat, and local economies that depend on natural resources; and WHEREAS, energy conservation helps reduce the pollution that contributes to climate change; and WHEREAS, buildings are responsible for more than 45 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate
- [Increasing Safety and Environmental Protection in Offshore Oil and Gas Drilling](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2011/04/increasing-safety-and-environmental-protection-in-offshore-oil-and-gas-drilling/) - Number: 2011-02 WHEREAS, the Deepwater Horizon disaster highlighted major deficiencies in the current regulatory framework for offshore drilling; and WHEREAS, oil spill response technology and capacity has improved little since the Exxon Valdez disaster two decades ago; and WHEREAS, the United States has an unacceptably high fatality rate in offshore oil and gas drilling, and
- [Gulf of Maine Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/gulf-of-maine-restoration/) - Number: 2009-12 WHEREAS, the Gulf of Maine and its abundant biological diversity are vital to human health and the region’s economy and millions of people depend on the Gulf of Maine for food, recreation, and transportation; and WHEREAS, it is a unique ecosystem, whose beauty and bounty enrich the lives of all who live,
- [Green Education and Training: Making the New Clean Energy Future a Reality](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/green-education-and-training-making-the-new-clean-energy-future-a-reality/) - Number: 2009-01 WHEREAS, global warming creates an unprecedented environmental threat not only to wildlife and its habitat, but also to the health, security, safety and prosperity of people worldwide; and WHEREAS, the United States must reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 20% of current levels by 2020 and by at least 80% below
- [Eco-Schools U.S.A.](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/eco-schools-u-s-a/) - Number: 2009-03 WHEREAS, America faces numerous, profound environmental challenges and U.S. elementary and secondary schools will be called upon to prepare students to become effective stewards of the environment and to participate in a new, clean energy economy that is built upon environmental sustainability; and WHEREAS, the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) in Denmark,
- [Economic Stimulus, Protection of Water Resources and Investments to Address Global Warming](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2009/05/economic-stimulus-protection-of-water-resources-and-investments-to-address-global-warming/) - Number: 2009-11 WHEREAS, Congress has recently passed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 economic stimulus legislation, including funding for a wide variety of water resources, energy and transportation and other public works developments and programs; and WHEREAS, in cases of allocation of stimulus monies for public works projects, the potential exists that
- [Trapping in National Wildlife Refuges](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2010/04/trapping-in-national-wildlife-refuges/) - Number: 2010-09 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Refuge System protects over 150 million acres and includes 551 National Wildlife Refuges in every state and U.S. territory; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Refuge System is essential to the conservation of fish, wildlife and plants in the United States; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has long
- [The Need for Urban Forestry Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2010/04/the-need-for-urban-forestry-programs/) - Number: 2010-06 WHEREAS, 80% of the United States population lives in urban areas, according to the US Forest Service; and WHEREAS, urban and suburban sprawl has eliminated, damaged and or fragmented wildlife habitat for both flora and fauna; and WHEREAS, the urban forest provides tangible environmental benefits such as carbon sequestration, storm water/flood retention,
- [Strengthening the Conservation Reserve Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2010/04/strengthening-the-conservation-reserve-program/) - Number: 2010-04 WHEREAS, the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), enacted as part of the 1985 Farm Bill and reauthorized in each successive Farm Bill approved by Congress, has proven to be one of the most successful conservation measures in history -- reducing soil loss and improving water quality in the country’s more highly erodible watersheds
- [Shark Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2010/04/shark-conservation/) - Number: 2010-10 WHEREAS, sharks have roamed our seas since before the time of dinosaurs, but their long reign at the top of the ocean food chain may be ending if measures are not taken to recover overharvested populations; and WHEREAS, due to their late maturation and low reproductive rates, shark species in our fisheries
- [Protecting Natural Resources & Wildlife from the Dangers of Hydraulic Fracturing](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2010/04/protecting-natural-resources-wildlife-from-the-dangers-of-hydraulic-fracturing/) - Number: 2010-07 WHEREAS, drilling for natural gas using hydraulic fracturing has a greater potential than conventional gas drilling technologies to poison our air, land and water due to the chemicals and additives used and large quantities of wastes produced in the drilling process; and WHEREAS, hydraulic fracturing technology has allowed energy companies to access
- [Energy Development on Federal Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2010/04/energy-development-on-federal-public-lands/) - Number: 2010-02 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation (NWF) has long treasured the unique and irreplaceable values of federal public lands, stating that these lands “represent a birthright of the American people” (Resolution No. 28, 1984); and WHEREAS, for sixty years NWF has defended the value of public lands for wildlife, wildlife habitat and recreational
- [Diversity in the Conservation Movement](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2010/04/diversity-in-the-conservation-movement/) - Number: 2010-01 WHEREAS, to be successful in achieving conservation goals, the American conservation movement must reflect the diversity of socio-economic, cultural, ethnic, age, geographic and demographic factors that make up the nation as a whole; and WHEREAS, successful conservation movements are networks built on relationships of trust, communication and shared resources, with inspirational leaders
- [Hydrological Separation of the Mississippi River System and Great Lakes Basin (Asian Carp)](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2010/04/hydrological-separation-of-the-mississippi-river-system-and-great-lakes-basin-asian-carp/) - Number: 2010-08 WHEREAS, the Mississippi River System and the Great Lakes Basin are artificially connected by a system of canals and waterways in the Chicago area, including the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal; and WHEREAS, the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal is used for sanitation purposes, commercial shipping, industrial intake and discharge, and for
- [Preventing the Development of High Carbon Liquid Fuels (Tar-Sands Oil, Oil Shale, and Liquified Coal)](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2010/04/preventing-the-development-of-high-carbon-liquid-fuels/) - Number: 2010-03 WHEREAS, global warming is a real and significant threat to wildlife, habitat and human health; and WHEREAS, all carbon-based (and even renewable) energy sources have negative environmental impacts, some such as the high carbon liquid fuels tar-sands oil, oil shale, and liquified coal have much greater impacts associated with their production; and
- [Management of Feral Horses and Burros](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2010/04/management-of-feral-horses-and-burros/) - Number: 2010-05 WHEREAS, the provisions of the Free-Roaming Horse and Burro Act of 1971, its amendments, and conditions imposed on yearly appropriations by Congress have resulted in excessive numbers of feral horses and burros on western rangelands; and WHEREAS, a large portion of these rangelands have experienced wildfire, drought or near drought conditions in
- [Protecting Habitat, Wildlife and Water Resources from Uranium Mining](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2011/04/protecting-habitat-wildlife-and-water-resources-from-uranium-mining/) - Number: 2011-06 WHEREAS, the practice of uranium mining, the milling of yellowcake, and the disposal of radioactive waste continues to have negative impacts in the American West and Navajo Nation, including radon exposure and groundwater contamination, leading to human health issues including lung cancer, bone cancer, leukemia, birth defects, weakened immune systems, hormone disruption, and
- [Valuation of Ecosystem Services](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2011/04/valuation-of-ecosystem-services/) - Number: 2011-05 WHEREAS, one significant and far-reaching threat to wildlife is the continued loss of habitat; and WHEREAS, loss of habitat is one result of environmentally inappropriate economic development; and WHEREAS, economic development proceeds in an effort to increase human well-being, as measured by Gross Domestic Product; and WHEREAS, economists have known and warned us
- [Support for Eliminating Plastic Checkout Bags](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2011/04/support-for-eliminating-plastic-checkout-bags/) - Number: 2011-04 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is fully committed to protecting fish and wildlife and their habitats; and WHEREAS, there are an estimated 100 million tons of plastic in the North Pacific Ocean, concentrated by the ocean currents into an area about twice the size of Texas where samples have found 46 times more
- [Hawaiian Islands Endangered Species and Climate Change](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2011/04/hawaiian-islands-endangered-species-and-climate-change/) - Number: 2011-03 WHEREAS, the Hawaiian Islands already represent the extreme end of the spectrum of species extinction and endangerment in the U.S.; and WHEREAS, at least 71 Hawaiian birds have become extinct since human colonization of the Hawaiian Islands; and WHEREAS, although the Hawaiian Islands make up just 0.2% of the total land mass in
- [Gulf Coast Restoration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2011/04/gulf-coast-restoration/) - Number: 2011-01 WHEREAS, the Gulf of Mexico contains diverse ecosystems spanning 600,000 square miles, with thousands of miles of shoreline, rivers, coastal wetlands, estuaries, bayous, and bays across five U.S. states and six Mexican states; and WHEREAS the Gulf of Mexico is an irreplaceable ecosystem that provides critical habitat for resident and migratory fish, waterfowl,
- [Agriculture Tile Drainage](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2012/05/agriculture-tile-drainage/) - Number: 2012-06 WHEREAS, nitrogen pollution from tile drainage has been shown to play a significant role in causing algae blooms which cause hypoxic death zones in major ecosystems, disrupting wildlife within and dependent upon such ecosystems; negatively impacting outdoor recreation opportunities, fishing industries, property values, and Americans’ enjoyment of natural spaces; and WHEREAS, the Mississippi
- [Emerging Leaders in the Conservation Movement](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2012/05/emerging-leaders-in-the-conservation-movement/) - Number: 2012-05 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has long invested a great deal into engaging youth in conservation efforts, ranging from publications like Ranger Rick and events like Be Out There; and WHEREAS, through these programs and publications hundreds of thousands of young people of diverse cultures have developed a love for wildlife and a
- [Reductions and Eradication of Invasive Feral Hogs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2012/05/reductions-and-eradication-of-invasive-feral-hogs/) - Number: 2012-04 WHEREAS, feral hogs (Sus scrofa and related non-native porcine species to include those referred to as feral swine or “wild boar”) are highly successful, non-native, extremely invasive habitat generalists, surviving and proliferating in most areas of North America and increasing their range annually, threatening the well-being and ecological balance of native ecosystems and
- [Endangered Hawaiian Monk Seal Conservation and Recovery](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2012/05/endangered-hawaiian-monk-seal-conservation-and-recovery/) - Number: 2012-03 WHEREAS, the Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi), endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, is one of the most endangered marine mammals in the world and on the brink of extinction with a current population of approximately 1,100 and declining at a rate of 4 percent a year; and WHEREAS, the Hawaiian monk seal, or
- [The Pressure of Population on Natural Resources](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2012/05/the-pressure-of-population-on-natural-resources/) - Number: 2012-02 WHEREAS, on October 31, 2011, the United Nations reported the human population on Earth passed seven billion; and WHEREAS, high population puts high demands on energy resources and contributes to climate change; the International Energy Agency projects total energy use will increase 35% in the next two decades; and WHEREAS, high population and
- [Safeguarding Wildlife from Climate Change: Supporting Adaptation Planning and Implementation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2012/05/safeguarding-wildlife-from-climate-change-supporting-adaptation-planning-and-implementation/) - Number: 2012-01 WHEREAS, climate change is one of the largest threats facing fish, wildlife and their habitats and already is adversely affecting these resources across North America and the world; and WHEREAS, even with aggressive climate mitigation to reduce atmospheric carbon levels, climate change impacts on fish, wildlife and their habitats, as well as the
- [Affirming Voter Participation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2013/04/affirming-voter-participation/) - Number: 2013-01 WHEREAS, the right to vote is an essential and undeniable cornerstone in establishing citizens’ fundamental rights worldwide to select and guide their nation’s political leaders in the electoral processes inherent in the political system called a democracy; and WHEREAS, protecting citizens’ rights and opportunities to vote is a core value firmly imbedded in
- [Recovery of the Mexican Gray Wolf](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/recovery-of-the-mexican-gray-wolf/) - Number: 2014-14 WHEREAS, the Mexican gray wolf originally listed as an Endangered subspecies (Canis lupus baileyi) in 1976 (41FR 17736, April 28, 1976) and later designated as a “nonessential experimental population” under the 10J Rule provisions of the Endangered Species Act as amended in Arizona and New Mexico (63 FR 1752, January 12, 1998) is
- [Chronic Wasting Disease—State Importation and Exportation Ban](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/chronic-wasting-disease-state-importation-and-exportation-ban/) - Number: 2014-13 WHEREAS, Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), which affects captive and wild Cervidae (e.g., deer, elk and moose); and WHEREAS, CWD is highly transmissible by fluids, including saliva and blood; and WHEREAS, CWD is fatal to the affected animal and long-lived in soils; and WHEREAS, captive cervid herds are
- [Support Ecosystem Based Management of Forage Fish](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/support-ecosystem-based-management-of-forage-fish/) - Number: 2014-12 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is fully committed to protecting fish and wildlife and their habitats; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has consistently promoted a vision that the Nation should protect existing ecological treasures including apex predators, restore damaged ecosystems, and re-establish and maintain populations of key species; and WHEREAS, overexploitation of
- [Mitigate Negative Impacts of Lionfish on Marine Fisheries and Ecosystems](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/mitigate-negative-impacts-of-lionfish-on-marine-fisheries-and-ecosystems/) - Number: 2014-11 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is fully committed to protecting fish and wildlife and their habitats; and WHEREAS, two visually identical species of lionfish (Pterois miles and P. volitans) were introduced into the Atlantic via the U.S. aquarium trade beginning in the 1980s; and as of 2014, the lionfish invaded range is North
- [Public Trust Doctrine and the North American Model of Fish and Wildlife Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/public-trust-doctrine-and-the-north-american-model-of-fish-and-wildlife-conservation/) - Number: 2014-10 WHEREAS, the Public Trust Doctrine is the keystone legal component of fish and wildlife conservation in the United States; and WHEREAS, the Public Trust Doctrine legally mandates that fish and wildlife resources are held in trust by the government(s) for the benefit of the present and future generations of all citizens; and WHEREAS,
- [Transfer of Public Lands](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/transfer-of-public-lands/) - Number: 2014-09 WHEREAS, public lands managed by the Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Forest Service, National Park Service and other federal agencies represent a birthright of the American people, provide invaluable habitat for fish and wildlife, afford opportunities for hunting, fishing, and other recreation, and support sustainable local economic activity; and WHEREAS, the first
- [Large Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations in Special Resource Waters](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/large-concentrated-animal-feeding-operations-in-special-resource-waters/) - Number: 2014-08 WHEREAS, large concentrated animal feeding operations (“CAFOs”) confine large numbers of livestock (e.g., 1,000 or more cattle, 2,500 or more hogs weighing over 55 pounds, 55,000 or more turkeys) along with their feed, manure, and urine, on a much smaller land area than traditional pasture operations; and WHEREAS, manure production from CAFOs can
- [Commodity Agriculture-Driven Deforestation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/commodity-agriculture-driven-deforestation/) - Number: 2014-07 WHEREAS, tropical rainforests cover only about 5% of the land area of the Earth and yet harbor more species of wildlife and plants than any other terrestrial ecosystem; and WHEREAS, tropical forests are a source of products that are important to us right now, such as vitamin rich fruits, Brazil nuts and natural
- [Call to Action to Mitigate and Eliminate Risks to Our Water Resources, Aquatic Ecosystems, Human Health, Wildlife Resources, and Outdoor Economies from Impoundments Containing Coal Combustion Wastes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/call-to-action-to-mitigate-and-eliminate-risks-to-our-water-resources-aquatic-ecosystems-human-health-wildlife-resources-and-outdoor-economies-from-impoundments-containing-coal-combustion-wastes/) - Number: 2014-06 WHEREAS, Coal Combustion Wastes (CCWs) [variously identified as Coal Combustion Residues or Residuals] consist of fly ash, bottom ash, coal slag, and flue gas desulfurization residuals, derived as a result of the combustion of coal by our nation’s electric power generating industry; and WHEREAS, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has identified at
- [Pipeline Safety Improvements in the Great Lakes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/pipeline-safety-improvements-in-the-great-lakes/) - Number: 2014-05 WHEREAS, on July 25th, 2010, the Enbridge Energy Partner’s 6B pipeline in Marshall, Michigan ruptured spilling at least 843,000 gallons of crude oil, a large portion of which flowed into Talmadge Creek and then into the Kalamazoo River, resulting in significant private property and environmental damage, with the cleanup costs to date exceeding
- [Updating "Duck Stamp" Fee Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/updating-duck-stamp-fee-program/) - Number: 2014-04 WHEREAS, one of the founders of the National Wildlife Federation, Ding Darling, was the creator of the first Duck Stamp (Migratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp); and WHEREAS, this nation's wetlands provide productive habitat for fish and wildlife, and contain biologically rich ecosystems, support numerous recreational activities, provide commercial fishery and fur resources,
- [Strengthening Outdoor and Online Relationships for Conservation and Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/strengthening-outdoor-and-online-relationships-for-conservation-and-wildlife/) - Number: 2014-03 WHEREAS, the most direct route to caring for the environment as an adult is participating in “wild nature activities” before age 11 and also childhood nature experiences while in the company of family members or significant adults fosters a bond with the natural world as a place of positive meaning that justifies persistent
- [Atlantic Offshore Wind Power for America](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/atlantic-offshore-wind-power-for-america/) - Number: 2014-02 WHEREAS, climate change is the single greatest threat facing the nation’s wildlife, and WHEREAS, carbon pollution from burning fossil fuels to generate electricity and power our transportation system is the primary contributor to climate change; and WHEREAS, wind energy currently generates only 5% of America’s electricity; and WHEREAS, America has vast offshore wind
- [Coastal and Floodplain Policy Reform](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2014/05/coastal-and-floodplain-policy-reform/) - Number: 2014-01 WHEREAS, many communities across the United States and its territories are vulnerable to sea level rise, storm surge and coastal and interior flooding; and WHEREAS, climate science strongly suggests that sea level rise, tropical storms, and dramatic increase of catastrophic localized precipitation events will intensify in many regions in the next few decades;
- [Support for Conserving Declining North American Pollinator Populations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2015/03/support-for-conserving-declining-north-american-pollinator-populations/) - Number: 2015-07 WHEREAS, recent scientific data from many public, private and academic sources show significant declines of the populations of many native, plant-pollinating insects, such as bees butterflies, and other pollinators, including birds and bats, in North America and elsewhere; and WHEREAS, having a sufficient number of plant-pollinating insects and other pollinators is necessary for
- [Restoring State Management of the Gray Wolf in the Western Great Lakes States](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2015/03/restoring-state-management-of-the-gray-wolf-in-the-western-great-lakes-states/) - Number: 2015-02 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is a strong supporter of scientific and professional management of wildlife species including the recovery of the gray wolf under the federal and state Endangered Species Acts; and WHEREAS, gray wolf populations in Minnesota, Michigan and Wisconsin have exceeded their recovery targets by a factor of ten; and
- [Opposition to Sulfide Mining within the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness Watershed](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2015/03/opposition-to-sulfide-mining-within-the-boundary-waters-canoe-area-wilderness-watershed/) - Number: 2015-08 WHEREAS, the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness (BWCAW) is one of the great, intact freshwater wetland complexes left on the planet, encompassing over 1 million acres; and WHEREAS, the BWCAW is home to more than 230 animal species, including numerous endangered, threatened or protected species; and WHEREAS, the BWCAW is America’s most popular
- [North American Conservation Education Strategy](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2015/03/north-american-conservation-education-strategy/) - Number: 2015-06 WHEREAS, research demonstrates that children in America receive a wide range of science education benefits from participating in programs and lesson plans that teach them about nature, ecosystems, wildlife species, water and natural resources; and WHEREAS, natural areas and the outdoors offer excellent and practical laboratories for learning about the science and the
- [Modernization of the Endangered Species Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2015/03/modernization-of-the-endangered-species-act/) - Number: 2015-01 WHEREAS, for more than 40 years, the Endangered Species Act (ESA) has served as the nation's safety net for imperiled fish, wildlife and plant species; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation encouraged passage of the Endangered Species Act and has long supported it as a bedrock environmental law, adopting 14 resolutions, litigating numerous
- [Impact on US Forests Due to Increased Demand for Wood Biomass](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2015/03/impact-on-us-forests-due-to-increased-demand-for-wood-biomass/) - Number: 2015-09 WHEREAS, the United States has experienced rapid growth in biomass production; most notably, wood pellet exports from North America to Europe doubled 2012-2014, with the U.S. South accounting for 63% of the volume; and the US International Trade Administration projects American pellet exports to Europe could grow from 5 to 15 times 2012
- [Conservation of Sage-Grouse and the Sagebrush Steppe](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2015/03/conservation-of-sage-grouse-and-the-sagebrush-steppe/) - Number: 2015-04 WHEREAS, the sage-grouse is an iconic species of the West, an indicator of the health of sagebrush habitats and an important game species; and WHEREAS, conservation of the sage-grouse and sagebrush habitats benefits other game species, such as mule deer and pronghorn, and many Species of Greatest Conservation Need, as well as lifestyles
- [Bighorn Sheep Disease Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2015/03/bighorn-sheep-disease-management/) - Number: 2015-03 WHEREAS, bighorn sheep populations in the western United States are estimated to have numbered between 1.5 and 2.0 million animals at the start of the 19th century but have declined and today estimates range between 33,000-80,000 animals; and WHEREAS, the major causes of this decline were unregulated hunting and the introduction of disease,
- [2016 IUCN World Conservation Congress](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2015/03/2016-iucn-world-conservation-congress/) - Number: 2015-05 WHEREAS, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) World Conservation Congress is the world’s preeminent and largest conservation gathering, bringing together thousands of leaders and delegates every four years to discuss the world’s most pressing environment and development challenges with the goal of conserving wildlife and the environment and harnessing the solutions
- [Federal Land Wildfire Funding Fix](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/federal-land-wildfire-funding-fix/) - Number: 2016-05 WHEREAS, the acreage, frequency, and cost of wildfires has increased significantly in recent decades, including on federal lands, due to drought, insects, disease, climate change, housing developments, and other factors; and WHEREAS, five of the ten highest years for U.S. acres burned in wildfires occurred in the last decade, including the most acres
- [The Carbon Pricing Pathway to Meet our Climate Goals](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/the-carbon-pricing-pathway-to-meet-our-climate-goals/) - Number: 2016-03 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation previously adopted Resolution 10 in 1998, urging governments, corporations, and others to respond to the scientific consensus on the threat posed by human-induced global climate change by adopting appropriate domestic and international policies to enhance scientific research, promote public awareness, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions; and WHEREAS, climate
- [Support for Rule of Law and Collaboration in Public Land Management](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/support-for-rule-of-law-and-collaboration-in-public-land-management/) - Number: 2016-09 WHEREAS, federal and state lands are held in the public trust for the enjoyment and use of the general public; and WHEREAS, armed militants’ criminal seizure of Malheur National Wildlife Refuge in January 2016 was the latest in a series of violent or potentially violent disputes over public land ownership and management authorities;
- [Support for Dedicated Federal Funding to Prevent Wildlife from Becoming Endangered](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/support-for-dedicated-federal-funding-to-prevent-wildlife-from-becoming-endangered/) - Number: 2016-02 WHEREAS, the Pittman-Robertson Wildlife Restoration Act of 1937 and the Dingell-Johnson Sportfish Restoration Act of 1950 put in place a system in which federal funding for wildlife conservation is generated through excise taxes paid by hunters and anglers and invested in state fish and wildlife agencies; and WHEREAS, this system of funding from
- [Strengthening the Nation’s Fight Against Invasive Species](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/strengthening-the-nations-fight-against-invasive-species/) - Number: 2016-01 WHEREAS, nonnative invasive species are one of the leading threats to U.S. wildlife, degrading and destroying habitats, disrupting food webs, and introducing new competitors, predators and unwanted hybridization; and WHEREAS, invasive species are responsible, according to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, for imperiling at least 400 species listed under the U.S. Endangered
- [Reforming Federal Coal Leasing](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/reforming-federal-coal-leasing/) - Number: 2016-08 WHEREAS, the Department of Interior (DOI) has recently issued a moratorium on new federal coal leasing to reassess its programs, and this provides the best opportunity in decades to change policies that aren’t in the best interest of wildlife, the ecological integrity of our public lands, the changing climate, or the country’s fiscal
- [Rapid Impact Assessment for Coastal and Island Wildlife Following Natural Disasters](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/rapid-impact-assessment-for-coastal-and-island-wildlife-following-natural-disasters/) - Number: 2016-06 WHEREAS, climate change is expected to accelerate sea level rise and result in stronger storms and hurricanes; and WHEREAS, it is predicted that those extreme weather events will include flooding and storm surges affecting coastal ecosystems far inland, and much farther than today’s high tide line; and WHEREAS, the combination of higher sea
- [Providing for a Fair, Just, and Sustainable Transition from Fossil Fuels](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/providing-for-a-fair-just-and-sustainable-transition-from-fossil-fuels/) - Number: 2016-04 WHEREAS, human-caused climate change caused by burning fossil fuels, including coal, oil, and natural gas is a massive threat facing our nation’s wildlife, habitat, waterways, lands, societal health, and way of life; and WHEREAS, scientists are telling us that to avert the most dangerous impacts from climate change requires deep decarbonization of the
- [Minimize Habitat Damage from Suction Dredge Mining](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/minimize-habitat-damage-from-suction-dredge-mining/) - Number: 2016-07 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation is fully committed to protecting fish and wildlife and their habitats; and WHEREAS, Suction Dredge Mining (SDM) is a process of pumping stream bed materials into a material separation process and in so doing disrupts the natural fluvial geomorphology that native fish depend on for spawning and rearing
- [Expanding the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/expanding-the-papahanaumokuakea-marine-national-monument/) - Number: 2016-10 WHEREAS, the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument is a UNESCO World Heritage Site encompassing nearly 140,000 square miles and one of the largest marine conservation areas in the world; and WHEREAS, the monument was declared in 2006 and includes the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands and surrounding waters from the shoreline out to 50 nautical miles;
- [Commercial Net-Pen Aquaculture within the Great Lakes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/commercial-net-pen-aquaculture-within-the-great-lakes/) - Number: 2016-11 WHEREAS, there has been recent interest in the permitting of commercial net-pen aquaculture (net pens) in Michigan’s public waters of the Great Lakes; and WHEREAS, the public waters of the Great Lakes support a recreational fishing economy that generates $19 billion in total economic output (nearly $3 billion in direct spending by anglers)
- [Advancing Federal Ecosystem Restoration Projects by Facilitating Participation of Non-Federal Partners](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2016/06/advancing-federal-ecosystem-restoration-projects-by-facilitating-participation-of-non-federal-partners/) - Number: 2016-12 WHEREAS, the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge from the Minnesota-Iowa border upstream along the Mississippi River to Reads Landing, Minnesota has recorded 305 species of birds, including 29 shorebird species and 33 warbler species, including the rare Prothonotary Warbler; and WHEREAS, the Upper Mississippi River Basin is home to Lake
- [Suspension of Neonicotinoid Pesticide Use](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/suspension-of-neonicotinoid-pesticide-use/) - Number: 2017-02 WHEREAS, native bee and other pollinator populations are in decline with more than a quarter of North America’s bumblebee species facing some level of extinction risk; and WHEREAS, these pollinators are essential to the reproduction of nearly 85 percent of the world’s flowering plants and are needed to produce more than a
- [Support of North Cascades Grizzly Bear Recovery](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/support-of-north-cascades-grizzly-bear-recovery/) - Number: 2017-07 WHEREAS, grizzly bears are an iconic species of the West, an indicator of ecosystem health and human tolerance for wildlife, and a species that millions of Americans care about passionately; and WHEREAS, whereas grizzly bears were eliminated across most of their range in the lower 48 states through uncontrolled hunting, persecution and
- [Support for Growing Diversity, Equity and Inclusivity in Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/support-for-growing-diversity-equity-and-inclusivity-in-conservation/) - Number: 2017-06 WHEREAS, to honor and reflect the contributions of diverse and historical communities who have supported the national and international wildlife conservation movement for centuries, including those who have been excluded from the movement, we recognize and embrace the diversity of ethnic, cultural, gender, age, socioeconomic, and geographic diversity involved in the conservation
- [Standing with Communities in Decreasing Reliance on Fossil Fuels](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/standing-with-communities-in-decreasing-reliance-on-fossil-fuels/) - Number: 2017-12 WHEREAS, the warming of planet Earth due to carbon emissions from burning fossil fuels threatens ecosystems, wildlife, and natural iconic landscapes, as well as human communities and water and food security; and WHEREAS, in June 2016 the National Wildlife Federation adopted Resolution 2016-03 endorsing the December 2015 Paris Agreement, which set a
- [Renewable Fuel Standard](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/renewable-fuel-standard/) - Number: 2017-03 WHEREAS, Congress created the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) in the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to expand our nation’s renewable fuels sector, reduce greenhouse gas pollution, and reduce America’s reliance on imported oil by requiring that an increasing amount of renewable fuel replace or be blended into transportation fuel, heating oil or
- [Protection and Restoration of the Ohio River](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/protection-and-restoration-of-the-ohio-river/) - Number: 2017-08 WHEREAS, the Ohio River is the largest tributary, by volume of water, of the Mississippi River; and WHEREAS, the 981-mile river provides drinking water for more than 5 million people and flows through or along the borders of six states: Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois; and WHEREAS, the Ohio
- [Promoting and Advocating For Soil Health Management Systems](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/promoting-and-advocating-for-soil-health-management-systems/) - Number: 2017-04 WHEREAS, building soil health is fundamental to life on earth by sustaining soil, plant, animal, and human health; and WHEREAS, with rising world populations, only by building soil health can we address the world’s increasing demands for fuel, food, and fiber; and WHEREAS, the soil health principles include: keeping the soil covered
- [Opposition to a Continuous Wall along the U.S.-Mexico Border for its Significant Impacts on Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/opposition-to-a-continuous-wall-along-the-u-s-mexico-border-for-its-significant-impacts-on-wildlife/) - Number: 2017-09 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation and its affiliates strongly advocate the protection and conservation of wildlife populations and their essential habitats, including movement corridors essential to meet wildlife survival needs along the southern border of the United States with Mexico and fostering joint conservation of wildlife species currently listed or being considered
- [Nutrient Pollution](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/nutrient-pollution/) - Number: 2017-01 WHEREAS, nutrient pollution has been shown to play a significant role in causing algae blooms which cause harm to human health, hypoxic dead zones in major ecosystems - disrupting wildlife within and dependent upon such ecosystems, negatively impacting outdoor recreation opportunities, fishing industries, property values, and Americans’ enjoyment of natural spaces; and
- [Establishment of Wildlife Disease Trust Fund](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/establishment-of-wildlife-disease-trust-fund/) - Number: 2017-05 WHEREAS, fish and wildlife diseases present a serious risk to the nation’s native and naturalized wildlife populations; and WHEREAS, responses to outbreaks of fish and wildlife diseases require the mobilization of people, resources, and communications assets by the state and its partners; and WHEREAS, the funding for fish and wildlife disease response
- [Feral Hog Toxicants](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/feral-hog-toxicants/) - Number: 2017-10 WHEREAS, feral hogs (Sus scrofa and related non-native porcine species to include those referred to as feral swine or “wild boar”) are highly successful, non-native, extremely invasive habitat generalists, and are increasing their range annually, threatening the well-being and ecological balance of native ecosystems and agriculture; and WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation, at
- [Management of Fish and Wildlife as Critical Components of Wilderness Areas](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/management-of-fish-and-wildlife-as-critical-components-of-wilderness-areas/) - Number: 2017-11 WHEREAS, the Wilderness Act of 1964 contains the will of the Congress that “nothing in this Act shall be construed as affecting the jurisdiction or responsibilities of the several States with respect to wildlife and fish;” and WHEREAS, several administrative decisions concerning fish and wildlife management in wilderness areas made through interpretation
- [Funding for Federal Agencies](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2017/06/funding-for-federal-agencies/) - Number: 2017-13 WHEREAS, the National Wildlife Federation has a long and proud history of supporting the federal, state and local agencies and those who work in/for them that act as the stewards of our natural resources, as the defenders of our wildlife and habitat and as the guardians of air and water quality; and

## Pages

- [Home](https://affiliates.nwf.org/) - Affiliate Partnership Center Connecting affiliates of the National Wildlife Federation. Strengthening and building One Federation. Affiliate Shareholder ReportNWF Mission & Strategic PlanOne Federation Policy Conflict Navigation ProcessPolicy Resolutions
- [Meet the Team](https://affiliates.nwf.org/meet-the-team/) - Directors of Conservation Partnerships Lew Carpenter Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah carpenterl@nwf.org John DeFillipo Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee defillipoj@nwf.org Dave Dittloff Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming dittloffd@nwf.org Holly Gallagher Interim: District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina gallagherh@nwf.org Geralyn Hoey Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Texas Interim: Massachusetts, Rhode Island hoeyg@nwf.org Grant La Rouche Delaware,
- [Affiliate Directory](https://affiliates.nwf.org/affiliate-directory/) - Alabama Alabama Wildlife Federation www.alabamawildlife.org Tim Gothard, Executive Director (334) 285-4550 | timg@alabamawildlife.org Alaska Southeast Alaska Conservation Council www.seacc.org Maggie Rabb, Interim Executive Director | maggie@seacc.org Arizona Arizona Wildlife Federation www.azwildlife.org Scott Garlid, Executive Director (480) 487-4663 | scott@azwildlife.org Arkansas Arkansas Wildlife Federation www.arwild.org Terri Lane, President/CEO (501) 413-5750 | tlane@arwild.org California Planning and Conservation League www.pcl.org Howard
- [Clean Energy Transmission Toolkit](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/clean-energy-transmission-toolkit/) - Energy demand is on the rise. Upgrading and expanding the energy grid will help affordability, reliability, and resilience, but it must be done responsibly.
- [Carbon Management Toolkit](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/carbon-management-toolkit/) - Carbon dioxide has been building up in our atmosphere for 150 years. Emerging technologies can reduce and reuse carbon dioxide but must be done responsibly.
- [Alternative Fuels Toolkit](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/alternative-fuels-toolkit/) - Certain industries, like aviation, cannot be easily electrified. It will take investment in alternative fuels to chart our path forward.
- [Clean Energy Toolkit](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/clean-energy-toolkit/) - Alternative forms of energy are a proven, cheap, and reliable option. They are better for our wallets, our lungs, and our wildlife than fossil fuels.
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- [Waters Storytelling Toolkit](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/waters-storytelling-toolkit/) - The National Wildlife Federation created this toolkit to help leverage the public’s longstanding concern for clean water to generate local media coverage
- [General Policies](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/governance/general-policies/)
- [Affiliate Benefits](https://affiliates.nwf.org/affiliate-benefits/) - Affiliate Events Calendar Connect with the Affiliates in your area by attending their events! See a list of events or submit an event. FIND OUT MORE Affiliate Shareholder Report Find information related to NWF budget, financial statements, impact reports, strategic plan implementation, staffing, and more. FIND OUT MORE Bill Tracking Get a free BillTrack50 account
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- [Affiliate Shareholder Report](https://affiliates.nwf.org/offers-and-benefits/affiliate-shareholder-report/)
- [Join Us! Become a Member of the Healthy Waters Coalition](https://affiliates.nwf.org/healthy-waters-coalition/) - We have an official website and are no longer updating this page! For up to date information head to HealthyWatersCoalition.org ! Click Here for Healthy Waters Coalition Website The National Wildlife Federation is working with partners throughout the Ohio River basin to form a coalition to restore and protect the waters of the Ohio River We have an official website and are no longer updating this page! For up to date information head to HealthyWatersCoalition.org ! Click Here for Healthy Waters Coalition Website The National Wildlife Federation is working with partners throughout the Ohio River basin to form a coalition to restore and protect the waters of the Ohio River
- [Join Us! Become a Member of the Healthy Waters Coalition](https://affiliates.nwf.org/healthy-waters-coalition/) - We have an official website and are no longer updating this page! For up to date information head to HealthyWatersCoalition.org ! Click Here for Healthy Waters Coalition Website The National Wildlife Federation is working with partners throughout the Ohio River basin to form a coalition to restore and protect the waters of the Ohio River We have an official website and are no longer updating this page! For up to date information head to HealthyWatersCoalition.org ! Click Here for Healthy Waters Coalition Website The National Wildlife Federation is working with partners throughout the Ohio River basin to form a coalition to restore and protect the waters of the Ohio River
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- [Toolkits](https://affiliates.nwf.org/toolkits/) - Alternative Fuels ToolkitCampaign Planning ToolkitCarbon Management ToolkitClean Energy ToolkitClean Energy Transmission ToolkitFarm Bill ToolkitRecovering America’s Wildlife Act ToolkitWaters Storytelling Toolkit
- [Meetings](https://affiliates.nwf.org/meetings/) - Affiliate Chief Executives (ACE) Meeting Find event information, hotel reservation link, registration, agendas, meeting resources, and more! MEETING INFORMATION Annual Meeting Find resources related to the Annual Meeting including the event page, awards nominations, learning session virtual re-runs, and more. ANNUAL MEETING RESOURCES
- [Board Development](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/governance/board-development/)
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- [Affiliate Representative Role](https://affiliates.nwf.org/affiliate-representative-role/) - Guidelines for the Role of the NWF Affiliate Representative These guidelines were developed in 1994 at the suggestion of National Wildlife Federation affiliates by a task force appointed by then Chair Gene Stout. The task force was comprised of representatives from affiliates, and its recommendation was approved during the August 1994 NWF Board meeting. The
- [Wildlife Action Plans](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/wildlife-action-plans/) - Blueprints for Preventing Wildlife from Becoming Endangered Wildlife action plans are comprehensive plans developed by state wildlife agencies to prevent wildlife from becoming endangered. The action plans were mandated by Congress in 2000 as a requirement for states to receive funding from the federal State Wildlife Grants program and the Recovering America’s Wildlife Act. Wildlife
- [Wildlife Action Plans - the NWF Team](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/wildlife-action-plans/nwf-team/) - The NWF Wildlife Action Plans Team Contact anybody for help! Naomi Edelson Sr. Director, Wildlife Partnerships Phone: 202-657-2024 Email: edelsonn@nwf.org John Kanter Senior Wildlife Biologist Phone: 202-797-6653 Email: kanterJ@nwf.org Lacey McCormick Sr. Manager, Communications Phone: 512-203-3016 Email: mccormick@nwf.org Jill Feldhusen Senior Manager, Wildlife Policy Phone: 202-797-6890 Email: feldhusenJ@nwf.org T.J. Brown Western Regional Field Director Email:
- [Bill Tracking](https://affiliates.nwf.org/affiliate-benefits/bill-tracking/) - As leaders on conservation issues in your state, it’s important for many affiliates to be able to easily keep on top of new proposed legislation and share information with your constituents. BillTrack50 is a platform for tracking and sharing information about federal and state bills and legislators As a National Wildlife Federation affiliate, we can
- [Human Resources](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/human-resources/)
- [Policy Resolutions](https://affiliates.nwf.org/policy-resolutions/)
- [Proposed Resolutions](https://affiliates.nwf.org/policy-resolutions/proposed-resolutions/)
- [Recovering America's Wildlife Act: Gardeners Toolkit](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/recovering-toolkit/recovering-americas-wildlife-act-gardeners-toolkit/) - Download the Toolkit Here RECOVERING AMERICA’S WILDLIFE: URGENT ACTION NEEDED TOOLKIT FOR GARDENERS: We have created this simple toolkit to help you take easy actions to engage your network and urge Congressional Members to vote YES and pass the Recovering America’s Wildlife Act. Cover Letter to use with your name to your network
- [Recovering America's Wildlife Act: Birders Toolkit](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/recovering-toolkit/recovering-americas-wildlife-act-birders-toolkit/) - TOOLKIT FOR BIRDERS: We have created this simple toolkit to help you take easy actions to engage your network and urge Congressional Members to vote YES and pass the Recovering America’s Wildlife Act. Cover Letter to use with your name to your network of birders: An urgent message for all people
- [Stay in the Loop](https://affiliates.nwf.org/affiliate-benefits/stay-in-the-loop/)
- [Importance of Policy Resolutions](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resolutions-importance/) - Policy resolutions are the foundation of One Federation. The National Wildlife Federation is unique in that our national conservation policies are set not by our Board of Directors, but by our affiliates through resolutions. Since the National Wildlife Federation was founded in 1936, affiliates have proposed resolutions annually, which are deliberated and voted on by
- [Campaign Planning Toolkit](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/campaigntools/) - Campaign Planning Toolkit Resources // Campaign Tools The Campaigns Team at the National Wildlife Federation has developed a toolkit aimed at providing a consistent framework for designing and running effective and strategic campaigns. The process of developing this tool was highly collaborative, engaging staff from regional offices including Directors of Conservation Partnerships and campaign and
- [2021 NWF Affiliate Highlights](https://affiliates.nwf.org/2021-nwf-affiliate-highlights/) - In what has proven to be yet another challenging year, NWF affiliate organizations made major gains all across the nation. From conservation policy wins to educational programs to organizational growth, here are just a few affiliate wins from the last twelve months… The Natural Resource Council of Maine helped lead opposition to a proposed $1 billion power
- [Miscellaneous Perks](https://affiliates.nwf.org/affiliate-benefits/miscellaneous-perks/)
- [Board Operational Policies](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/governance/board-operational-policies/)
- [Bylaws](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/governance/bylaws/)
- [Web](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/web/)
- [Strategic Planning](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/strategic-planning/)
- [Membership](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/membership/)
- [Leadership](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/leadership/)
- [Governance](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/governance/)
- [Additional Resources](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/additional-resources/)
- [501(c)(4) Organizations](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/501c4-organizations/)
- [Updates](https://affiliates.nwf.org/updates/) - No post found UPDATES BY CATEGORY
- [Updates2](https://affiliates.nwf.org/updates2/) - No posts found. All Updates One Federation Update January
- [Pillar 3 - Connect Americans With Wildlife](https://affiliates.nwf.org/policy-programs/workgroups/pillar-3/)
- [Pillar 1 - Protect, Restore & Connect Wildlife Habitat](https://affiliates.nwf.org/policy-programs/workgroups/pillar-1/)
- [Pillar 2 - Transform Wildlife Conservation](https://affiliates.nwf.org/policy-programs/workgroups/pillar-2/)
- [Learning Sessions](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting/learning-sessions/) - Call for Sessions 85th National Wildlife Federation Annual Meeting June 8-12, 2021 The NWF Annual Meeting presents an unmatched opportunity to amplify your impact as a conservation advocate. Presentations, panel discussions, and workshops with your peers from across the nation and top experts in the field will grow your knowledge and build your skills. Roundtable
- [Past Award Recipients](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting/past-award-recipients/) - Past Honorees Affiliate of the Year AwardConservation Leadership AwardAffiliate Volunteer of the Year AwardYoung Leader AwardCharlie Shaw Conservation Partnership AwardAffiliate of the Year Award 2020 Idaho Wildlife Federation 2019 Arizona Wildlife Federation 2018 Tennessee Wildlife Federation 2017 Environmental League of Massachusetts 2016 Association of Northwest Steelheaders 2015 Renewable Resources Coalition 2014 Prairie Rivers Network 2013
- [Annual Meeting Archive](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting/resources-archive/) - National Wildlife Federation Annual Meeting Resources 83rd Annual Meeting | June 5-8, 2019 St. Louis, Missouri Learning Sessions & Presentations Back to Blogging Presentation from Lacey McCormick, Senior Communications Manager, NWF & Kelly Wagner, Senior Coordinator Online Advocacy, NWF Diversity, Equity, Inclusion and Justice: Peer to Peer Learning and Workshopping Panelist Contact Info & Additional
- [2020 Conservation Awards](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/2020-awards/) - 2020 National Wildlife Federation Conservation Awards National Conservation Achievement Award: Affiliate of the Year Recognizes an NWF affiliate organization for conservation accomplishments and contributions to collaborative efforts with NWF and supporters. Award Winner – Idaho Wildlife Federation National Conservation Achievement Award: Leadership in Conservation Honors an exemplary conservation accomplishment or sustained conservation leadership. Award Winner
- [John Salazar](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/board-candidates/john-salazar/) - JOHN SALAZAR Director, Region 13 (ID, MT, WY) John Salazar has been a small business owner for the past 25 years in Livingston, Montana. He grew up living on and enjoying access to 700 pristine acres bordering forest service land in Winter Park, Colorado where he learned to hunt, fish, ski, explore and respect the
- [Pandemic Resources](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/pandemic-resources/)
- [Leadership & Planning](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/pandemic-resources/leadership/)
- [Fundraising](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/pandemic-resources/fundraising/)
- [Outreach & Events](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/pandemic-resources/outreach/)
- [Education](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/pandemic-resources/education/)
- [Board Candidates](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/board-candidates/) - National Wildlife Federation Board Candidates You are hereby notified pursuant to Article V of the Bylaws of the National Wildlife Federation that we have received the following nominations for the Board of Directors for election on Friday, June 12, 2020. Position Nominee Nominated By Chair-Elect Kent Salazar NWF Board of Directors Western Vice Chair Siva
- [Michael Bartlett](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/board-candidates/michael-bartlett-2/) - Director, Region 1 (CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, VT) Detailed Work History for Mike Bartlett In 2008, I retired from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service with 37 years of federal service under my belt. For most of those 37 years, I worked in regulatory programs, protecting wetlands and other water bodies under the Clean
- [Michael Bartlett](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/board-candidates/michael-bartlett/) - Director, Region 1 (CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, VT) Many of you already know that, before joining the NWF Board in 2018, I had a long career in conservation work--- 37 years with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and more than eight years directing New Hampshire Audubon. What I would like to do below
- [Siva Sundaresan](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/board-candidates/siva-sundaresan/) - Director, Region 13 (ID, MT, WY) My name is Siva Sundaresan and I am delighted to be nominated for the Western Vice-Chair position on the NWF Board of Directors. Thank you for this opportunity. I currently serve as Region 13 Director (WY, MT and ID). I live and work in Lander, WY with my wife
- [Allyn Dukes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/board-candidates/allyn-dukes/) - Director, Region 8 (LA, OK, TX) Allyn Dukes and husband Cliff operate a group of small businesses in Houston, Texas with primary focus on commercial real estate. Allyn manages human resources and benefits. Allyn’s business experience has led her to multiple community service roles and philanthropic opportunities. She received recognition in the public school system
- [Rebecca Pritchett](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/board-candidates/rebecca-pritchett/) - Director, Region 4 (AL, FL, GA, MS, PR, VI) Rebecca Pritchett is an attorney with over 18 years' experience in environmental and natural resources law. She manages and runs Pritchett Environmental & Property Law, LLC, a full-service environmental law firm. The firm assists a variety of clients with regulatory compliance, enforcement actions, and civil litigation
- [Kent A. Salazar](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/board-candidates/kent-a-salazar/) - Vice Chair, Western Region Kent worked for twenty years as a director of environmental health for the City of Albuquerque. He was appointed by NM Governor Johnson to the Western Governors Grand Canyon Visibility Transport Commission to develop regulations to improve visibility in Class 1 wildlife areas; and Governor Richardson to serve on the NM
- [Registration](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/registration/) - Annual Meeting Registration The National Wildlife Federation 2020 Annual Meeting Virtual | June 9-12, 2020 Registration Open REGISTER below for Annual Meeting Sessions. All sessions are free. Zoom links and phone numbers to join will be sent prior to the sessions that you register for. Monday June 1 – NWF Annual Meeting Zoom Test 5:00
- [Norm Ritchie](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/board-candidates/norm-ritchie/) - I am a sport angler fishing for everything that swims using flies, baits, and lures. Seeing the risks being faced by my target species, I became a conservationist, working to protect these species and every aspect of their habitats. The Northwest Steelheaders taught me what needed to be done and the best ways to do
- [Agenda](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/agenda/) - National Wildlife Federation 2020 Annual Meeting Virtual June 9-12, 2020 Pre-Annual Meeting Teleconferences Resolutions Committees [discussion only] Dates TBA Download Agenda Thursday, June 4Tuesday, June 9Wednesday, June 10Thursday, June 11Friday, June 12Thursday, June 4 4:00 pm – 5:30 pm ET | New Attendees Welcome Session [all attendees are welcome] Tuesday, June 9 1:00 pm –
- [Communication](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/pandemic-resources/communication/)
- [Stimulus Package & Recovery Act](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/pandemic-resources/stimulus-package/)
- [Advocacy](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/pandemic-resources/advocacy/)
- [Remote Work](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources/pandemic-resources/remote-work/)
- [Lodging](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/lodging/) - National Wildlife Federation 2020 Annual Meeting Location Asilomar Conference Grounds and State Park 800 Asilomar Avenue Pacific Grove, CA 93950-3704 831.642.4219 or 831.642.4213 Room Reservations RESERVE YOUR ROOM NOW Make your room reservation at Asilomar Conference Grounds. For assistance or questions, call 831.642.4219 or 831.642.4213 and identify yourself as a participant in the National Wildlife
- [Travel](https://affiliates.nwf.org/annual-meeting-2020/travel/) - Start making your travel plans now for the National Wildlife Federation 2020 Annual Meeting in Pacific Grove, California, June 10-13 at Asilomar Conference Grounds and State Park. Area Airports and distance to Asilomar Monterey Regional Airport (MRY) – 9 miles, 20 minute drive San Jose International Airport (SJC) – 80 miles, 2 hour drive San
- [Policy & Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/policy-programs/)
- [Programs](https://affiliates.nwf.org/programs/)
- [Benefits](https://affiliates.nwf.org/offers-and-benefits/) - Affiliate Grant Program This annual grant program aids National Wildlife Federation affiliates in addressing organizational capacity-building needs. Find out more. Computer Placement Program Occasionally the National Wildlife Federation has previously used laptops available for affiliates. The National Wildlife Federation will let affiliates know when laptops are available, and they will be distributed on a first-come, first-serve
- [Member Login](https://affiliates.nwf.org/membership-login/) - [swpm_login_form]
- [Our Affiliates](https://affiliates.nwf.org/our-affiliates/) - The National Wildlife Federation’s state and territorial affiliates are autonomous organizations whose primary purpose is the conservation, wise use and restoration of wildlife and other natural resources and the protection of human health and the environment. Affiliates operate at the grassroots level by working to educate, encourage and facilitate the conservation efforts of their distinct
- [Affiliate Grant Program](https://affiliates.nwf.org/offers-and-benefits/affiliate-grant-program/) - Affiliate Grant Program Applications are now closed. The National Wildlife Federation Affiliate Grant Program offers grants of up to $20,000 to aid affiliates in addressing organizational capacity-building needs. This competitive program supports projects that help build the strength and power of our affiliate partners and improve organizational effectiveness, helping to advance our collective missions, growing
- [Awards Statuettes](https://affiliates.nwf.org/offers-and-benefits/awards-statuettes/) - As a benefit of affiliation, Conservation Achievement Award Statuettes are available for affiliates to order from Nova Blue Studios. Award Order Form Price List Orders must be placed at least 12 weeks in advance. Brass plates and engraving are not included. Once your order is placed, you will be contacted with confirmation and notification of final costs,
- [Final Clean Water Rule](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources-old/final-clean-water-rule/) - In May 2015, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Army Corps of Engineers finalized a rule clarifying landmark clean water protections for critical waters of this nation. This rule safeguards 2 million miles of streams, 20 million acres of wetlands, and other vitally important waters that have been at risk since Supreme Court decisions in 2001
- [EPA's Plan to Limit Carbon Pollution from Existing Power Plants](https://affiliates.nwf.org/resources-old/epas-plan-to-limit-carbon-pollution-from-existing-power-plants/) - Over the past few years, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has been devising a plan to establish first-ever limits on carbon pollution from power plants, our country’s largest source of such emissions. And on June 2, 2014, the agency announced these historic standards. As EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy told us at this year’s NWF annual meeting,
- [Contact](https://affiliates.nwf.org/contact/) - Reach the Affiliate Partnerships team at affiliatepartnerships@nwf.org. The Affiliate Forum and Executive Director lists are a great way for affiliate leaders to share information, ask questions, and hold discussions via email exchange. Affiliate Forum Listserv The affiliate forum (also known as the affiliate listserv) is an email list exchange for affiliate representatives, alternate representatives, presidents/chairs, executive

## Events

- [2026 Hawai'i Island Festival of Birds - Conservation Council for Hawai'i](https://affiliates.nwf.org/event/2026-hawaii-island-festival-of-birds-conservation-council-for-hawaii/) - Join Hawai'i Wildlife Center and Conservation Council for Hawai'i in Hilo for the 2026 Hawai'i Island Festival of Birds. This year's festival theme is "Celebrating Resilience". Saturday, October 24, 2026 Grand Naniloa Hotel Hilo Check out the event website.

## Portfolio Items

- [One Federation Update January](https://affiliates.nwf.org/portfolio-item/one-federation-update-january/) - Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Duis ultricies lacus sed turpis tincidunt id aliquet risus feugiat. Condimentum mattis pellentesque id nibh. Nisi est sit amet facilisis. Tempor nec feugiat nisl pretium fusce. Eu facilisis sed odio morbi quis commodo odio. Eleifend quam

## Categories

- [Resolutions](https://affiliates.nwf.org/category/resolutions/)

## Event categories

- [Fundraising](https://affiliates.nwf.org/event_listing_category/fundraising/)

## Event types

- [Festival or Fair](https://affiliates.nwf.org/event_listing_type/festival-or-fair/)

## Portfolio Categories

- [Updates](https://affiliates.nwf.org/portfolios/updates/)